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I applied via LinkedIn and was interviewed in Jan 2024. There were 4 interview rounds.
Preparation of Bill of Quantities (BOQ) involves listing all materials, labor, and equipment needed for a project.
Identify all items required for the project
Quantify the amount of each item needed
Estimate the cost of each item
Sum up the total cost to create the BOQ
String inverters are smaller, individual inverters connected to each solar panel, while central inverters are larger inverters that connect to multiple panels.
String inverters are more cost-effective for smaller installations.
Central inverters are more efficient for larger installations due to economies of scale.
String inverters offer more flexibility in system design and monitoring.
Central inverters require less maint...
Losses associated with PVsyst include shading losses, mismatch losses, and soiling losses.
Shading losses occur when shadows from nearby objects or structures fall on the solar panels.
Mismatch losses happen when different solar panels in an array have varying performance levels.
Soiling losses occur when dirt, dust, or other debris accumulates on the surface of the panels, reducing their efficiency.
PV module refers to the basic building block of a solar panel, consisting of multiple solar cells connected in series and parallel.
PV modules can be made using different technologies such as monocrystalline, polycrystalline, and thin-film.
Monocrystalline modules are made from single-crystal silicon, offering high efficiency but higher cost.
Polycrystalline modules are made from multiple silicon crystals, providing a bal...
Calculate the number of strings and modules in a system design
Calculate the total number of modules required for the system
Determine the number of strings needed based on the module specifications
Consider factors such as voltage, current, and power ratings when calculating strings and modules
Bifacial modules can generate electricity from both sides, while monofacial modules only generate from one side.
Bifacial modules can capture sunlight from both the front and back sides, increasing energy production.
Monofacial modules only have one active side for capturing sunlight.
Bifacial modules are more efficient but also more expensive than monofacial modules.
Examples of bifacial modules include LG NeON 2 BiFacial...
PV connectors are essential components in solar power systems for connecting solar panels to inverters or other components.
PV connectors are used to connect solar panels to inverters, charge controllers, or other components in a solar power system.
They ensure a secure and reliable electrical connection between the solar panels and other system components.
PV connectors come in different types such as MC4 connectors, whi...
RS485 cables are used in industrial automation, building automation, and control systems for reliable long-distance communication.
Used in industrial automation for connecting sensors, actuators, and controllers over long distances
Commonly used in building automation systems for HVAC control, lighting control, and access control
Ideal for control systems requiring reliable communication over long distances
Can support mul...
SPD stands for Serial Presence Detect, which is a standardized way to access information about memory modules.
SPD provides information about memory module size, speed, manufacturer, and other details.
There are different classes of SPD, such as DDR, DDR2, DDR3, and DDR4.
SPD data is stored on a small EEPROM chip on the memory module.
System BIOS reads SPD data to configure memory settings for optimal performance.
CUF stands for Capacity Utilization Factor and is used to calculate the efficiency of a system or component.
CUF is calculated by dividing the actual output of a system or component by its maximum possible output.
Formula: CUF = (Actual Output / Maximum Possible Output) * 100%
For example, if a solar panel has an actual output of 500 kWh and a maximum possible output of 1000 kWh, the CUF would be 50%.
Protections involved in an ACCB panel include overload protection, short circuit protection, earth fault protection, and overvoltage protection.
Overload protection: prevents excessive current flow through the panel.
Short circuit protection: detects and interrupts short circuits to prevent damage.
Earth fault protection: detects leakage current to ground and isolates the circuit.
Overvoltage protection: safeguards against
Communication protocols are rules and conventions for exchanging data between devices.
Communication protocols define the format, timing, sequencing, and error checking of data exchange.
Examples of communication protocols include TCP/IP, HTTP, FTP, and MQTT.
Protocols can be categorized as wired (e.g. Ethernet) or wireless (e.g. Wi-Fi).
ONAN cooling is a method of cooling used in transformers.
ONAN stands for Oil Natural Air Natural cooling
In ONAN cooling, the transformer is cooled by circulating oil inside the transformer tank and allowing natural air to cool the oil
This method is commonly used in smaller transformers where the heat dissipation is not as high
Soiling loss is the reduction in solar panel efficiency due to dirt, dust, or other debris covering the surface. Mitigation involves regular cleaning and maintenance.
Soiling loss is the decrease in energy output of solar panels caused by dirt, dust, or other debris blocking sunlight from reaching the photovoltaic cells.
Mitigation strategies include regular cleaning of the solar panels to remove dirt and debris, as well...
The amount of overloading that can be done depends on the specific system and its components.
The amount of overloading that can be done varies depending on the system's design and capacity.
Overloading beyond the system's capacity can lead to performance degradation, system failure, or damage to components.
It is important to carefully consider the maximum load that a system can handle before overloading it.
Examples of o...
I have a strong interest in renewable energy and its potential to create a sustainable future.
Passionate about exploring innovative solutions for clean energy production
Believe in the importance of reducing carbon footprint and combating climate change
Fascinated by advancements in solar, wind, and hydroelectric technologies
Actively involved in researching and promoting renewable energy initiatives
I chose Ib vogt because of their strong reputation in the renewable energy industry and their commitment to sustainable practices.
Strong reputation in the renewable energy industry
Commitment to sustainable practices
Opportunities for growth and development
Innovative projects and technologies
Positive company culture and values
My 5 year plan is to advance my skills in system design, take on more challenging projects, and eventually move into a leadership role.
Continue learning and improving skills in system design
Take on more complex and challenging projects to expand knowledge and experience
Work towards gaining leadership skills and eventually move into a leadership role
Network with professionals in the field to learn from their experiences
Short term goal is to gain experience in system design and long term goal is to become a lead system design engineer.
Short term goal: Gain experience in system design through hands-on projects and mentorship.
Long term goal: Become a lead system design engineer by continuously learning and taking on more responsibilities.
Example: Short term - Completing a certification course in system design. Long term - Leading a team
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I applied via Recruitment Consultant and was interviewed before Jul 2020. There was 1 interview round.
I applied via Naukri.com
I appeared for an interview in Aug 2017.
Merge Sort is a divide and conquer algorithm that sorts an array by dividing it into two halves, sorting them separately, and then merging the sorted halves.
Divide the array into two halves
Recursively sort the two halves
Merge the sorted halves
Find pairs of integers in a BST whose sum is equal to a given number.
Traverse the BST and store the values in a hash set.
For each node, check if (X - node.value) exists in the hash set.
If yes, add the pair (node.value, X - node.value) to the result.
Continue traversal until all nodes are processed.
Merge overlapping time intervals into mutually exclusive intervals.
Sort the intervals based on their start time.
Iterate through the intervals and merge overlapping intervals.
Output the mutually exclusive intervals.
Example: [(1,3), (2,6), (8,10), (15,18)] -> [(1,6), (8,10), (15,18)]
Different types of hashing and alternative for Linear Chaining
Different types of hashing include division, multiplication, and universal hashing
Alternative for Linear Chaining is Open Addressing
Open Addressing includes Linear Probing, Quadratic Probing, and Double Hashing
An AVL tree is a self-balancing binary search tree where the heights of the left and right subtrees differ by at most one.
AVL tree is a binary search tree with additional balance factor for each node.
The balance factor is the difference between the heights of the left and right subtrees.
Insertion and deletion operations in AVL tree maintain the balance factor to ensure the tree remains balanced.
Rotations are performed ...
Find the minimum number of squares whose sum equals to a given number n.
Use dynamic programming to solve the problem efficiently.
Start with finding the square root of n and check if it is a perfect square.
If not, then try to find the minimum number of squares required for the remaining number.
Repeat the process until the remaining number becomes 0.
Return the minimum number of squares required for the given number n.
Insertion sort for a singly linked list.
Traverse the list and compare each node with the previous nodes
If the current node is smaller, swap it with the previous node
Repeat until the end of the list is reached
Time complexity is O(n^2)
I applied via Naukri.com and was interviewed in May 2019. There were 4 interview rounds.
I applied via Company Website and was interviewed in May 2019. There were 4 interview rounds.
Implemented a new customer feedback system that increased customer satisfaction by 20%
Implemented a new customer feedback system to gather insights and improve customer experience
Analyzed feedback data to identify common issues and areas for improvement
Implemented changes based on feedback to address customer concerns and enhance overall satisfaction
Trained team members on how to effectively use the new system and inte...
I appeared for an interview before Jan 2021.
Round duration - 60 Minutes
Round difficulty - Medium
This was a typical DS/Algo where I was asked to solve two questions related to Binary Trees and write the pseudo code for both of them followed by some theoretical questions related to Operating Systems.
Given a binary search tree (BST) consisting of integers and containing 'N' nodes, your task is to find and return the K-th largest element in this BST.
If there is no K-th la...
Find the K-th largest element in a BST.
Perform reverse in-order traversal of the BST to find the K-th largest element.
Keep track of the count of visited nodes to determine the K-th largest element.
Return -1 if there is no K-th largest element in the BST.
Determine if the given binary tree is height-balanced. A tree is considered height-balanced when:
Determine if a given binary tree is height-balanced by checking if left and right subtrees are balanced and their height difference is at most 1.
Check if the left subtree is balanced
Check if the right subtree is balanced
Calculate the height difference between the left and right subtrees
Return 'True' if all conditions are met, otherwise return 'False'
Zombie process is a terminated process that has completed execution but still has an entry in the process table. Orphan process is a process whose parent process has terminated.
Zombie process is created when a child process completes execution but its parent process has not yet read its exit status.
Zombie processes consume system resources and should be cleaned up by the parent process using wait() system call.
Orphan p...
Round duration - 60 Minutes
Round difficulty - Medium
This was also a Data Structures and Algorithm round where I was asked to solve 3 medium to hard level problems along with their pseudo code within 60 minutes .
Given a string S
of length L
, determine the length of the longest substring that contains no repeating characters.
"abac...
Find the length of the longest substring without repeating characters in a given string.
Use a sliding window approach to keep track of the longest substring without repeating characters.
Use a hashmap to store the index of each character in the string.
Update the start index of the window when a repeating character is found.
Calculate the maximum length of the window as you iterate through the string.
Return the maximum le
Given a sorted array that has been rotated clockwise by an unknown amount, you need to answer Q
queries. Each query is represented by an integer Q[i]
, and you must ...
Search for integers in a rotated sorted array efficiently.
Use binary search to efficiently search for integers in the rotated sorted array.
Handle the rotation of the array while performing binary search.
Return the index of the integer if found, else return -1.
Given an array ARR
and an integer K
, your task is to count all subarrays whose sum is divisible by the given integer K
.
The first line of input contains an...
Count subarrays with sum divisible by K in an array.
Iterate through the array and keep track of the prefix sum modulo K.
Use a hashmap to store the frequency of each prefix sum modulo K.
For each prefix sum, increment the count by the frequency of (prefix sum - K) modulo K.
Handle the case when prefix sum itself is divisible by K.
Return the total count of subarrays with sum divisible by K.
Round duration - 50 Minutes
Round difficulty - Medium
In this round , I was asked to code a simple question related to BST . After that I was asked the internal implementation of a Hash Map where I was supposed to design a Hash Map using any of the Hashing Algorithms that I know . This was preety challenging for me but I got to learn so much from it.
Given a Binary Search Tree (BST) and an integer, write a function to return the ceil value of a particular key in the BST.
The ceil of an integer is defined as the s...
Ceil value of a key in a Binary Search Tree (BST) is found by returning the smallest integer greater than or equal to the given number.
Traverse the BST to find the closest value greater than or equal to the key.
Compare the key with the current node value and update the ceil value accordingly.
Recursively move to the left or right subtree based on the comparison.
Return the ceil value once the traversal is complete.
Create a data structure that maintains mappings between keys and values, supporting the following operations in constant time:
1. INSERT(key, value): Add or update t...
Design a constant time data structure to maintain mappings between keys and values with various operations.
Use a hash table to achieve constant time complexity for INSERT, DELETE, SEARCH, and GET operations.
Keep track of the number of key-value pairs for GET_SIZE operation.
Check if the hash table is empty for IS_EMPTY operation.
Return true or false for SEARCH operation based on key existence.
Return the value associated...
Tip 1 : Must do Previously asked Interview as well as Online Test Questions.
Tip 2 : Go through all the previous interview experiences from Codestudio and Leetcode.
Tip 3 : Do at-least 2 good projects and you must know every bit of them.
Tip 1 : Have at-least 2 good projects explained in short with all important points covered.
Tip 2 : Every skill must be mentioned.
Tip 3 : Focus on skills, projects and experiences more.
I appeared for an interview before Jan 2021.
Round duration - 90 Minutes
Round difficulty - Hard
I found the online coding round of Flipkart to be quite difficult based on the constraints of the problem and their time limits. I coded the first problem quite easily but on the second and the third problem , my code could only pass a few test cases and gave TLE for most of them. Both the questions required very efficient solution and the last 5 to 10 Test Cases carried more weight than the rest so I didn't get through this round.
Given three non-negative integers N, M, and K, compute the Kth digit from the right in the number obtained from N raised to the power M (i.e., N ^ M).
The first line contains ...
The task is to find the Kth digit from the right in the number obtained from N raised to the power M.
Iterate through the digits of N^M from right to left
Keep track of the position of the current digit
Return the digit at position K from the right
Compute the skyline of given rectangular buildings in a 2D city, eliminating hidden lines and forming the outer contour of the silhouette when viewed from a distance. Each building is ...
Compute the skyline of given rectangular buildings in a 2D city, eliminating hidden lines and forming the outer contour of the silhouette.
Iterate through the buildings and create a list of critical points (x, y) where the height changes.
Sort the critical points based on x-coordinate and process them to form the skyline.
Merge consecutive horizontal segments of equal height into one to ensure no duplicates.
Return the fin...
You are provided with a string STR
of length N
. The goal is to identify the longest palindromic substring within this string. In cases where multiple palind...
Identify the longest palindromic substring in a given string.
Iterate through the string and expand around each character to find palindromes
Keep track of the longest palindrome found
Return the longest palindrome with the smallest start index
Tip 1 : Must do Previously asked Interview as well as Online Test Questions.
Tip 2 : Go through all the previous interview experiences from Codestudio and Leetcode.
Tip 3 : Do at-least 2 good projects and you must know every bit of them.
Tip 1 : Have at-least 2 good projects explained in short with all important points covered.
Tip 2 : Every skill must be mentioned.
Tip 3 : Focus on skills, projects and experiences more.
based on 4 interviews
Interview experience
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Assistant Manager
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Assistant Vice President Business Development
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Amazon
Flipkart
Amazon Development Centre India
Udaan