HSBC Group Data Scientist Interview Questions and Answers

Gradient descent is an optimization algorithm used to minimize a function by iteratively moving in the direction of steepest descent.

• Gradient descent is used to find the minimum of a function by taking steps proportional to the negative of the gradient at the current point.

• It is commonly used in machine learning to optimize the parameters of a model by minimizing the loss function.

• There are different variants of gradie...read more

LSTM (Long Short-Term Memory) is a type of recurrent neural network designed to handle long-term dependencies.

• LSTM has three gates: input gate, forget gate, and output gate.

• Input gate controls the flow of information into the cell state.

• Forget gate decides what information to discard from the cell state.

• Output gate determines the output based on the cell state.

T-test is a statistical test used to determine if there is a significant difference between the means of two groups.

• Mean is the average of a set of numbers, median is the middle value when the numbers are ordered, and mode is the most frequently occurring value.

• Mean is sensitive to outliers, median is robust to outliers, and mode is useful for categorical data.

• T-test is used to compare means of two groups, mean is used...read more

Random Forest is an ensemble learning method used for classification and regression tasks.

• Random Forest is a collection of decision trees that are trained on random subsets of the data.

• Each tree in the forest makes a prediction, and the final prediction is the average (regression) or majority vote (classification) of all trees.

• Random Forest helps reduce overfitting and improve accuracy compared to a single decision tre...read more