10+ Gujarat State Fertilizers & Chemicals Interview Questions and Answers

Lightning impulse test of a power transformer is a high voltage test to simulate lightning strikes and ensure the transformer can withstand sudden voltage surges.

• It is a high voltage test conducted to simulate lightning strikes on the transformer

• The test is performed to ensure the transformer can withstand sudden voltage surges

• It helps in evaluating the insulation strength and overall performance of the transformer

• The test involves applying a high voltage impulse to the trans...read more

650kVp is chosen for lighting impulse level for 132kV due to its ability to withstand lightning strikes and protect the equipment.

• 650kVp is a standard value chosen based on the insulation level required for 132kV systems

• Lightning impulse level is selected to ensure equipment can withstand lightning strikes without damage

• Higher impulse levels provide better protection against lightning-induced surges

• Choosing the right impulse level is crucial for ensuring the reliability and s...read more

Fans, blowers, and compressors are all devices used to move air or gas, but they differ in their pressure ratios and flow rates.

• Fans are low-pressure devices that move large volumes of air at low speeds.

• Blowers are medium-pressure devices that move moderate volumes of air at moderate speeds.

• Compressors are high-pressure devices that move small volumes of air or gas at high speeds.

• Fans are commonly used in HVAC systems, cooling towers, and computer cooling.

• Blowers are used in ...read more

Pumps are used to transfer fluids from one place to another, while turbines convert fluid energy into mechanical energy.

• Pumps are used in various applications such as water supply, irrigation, and oil refineries.

• Turbines are commonly used in power generation plants to convert the energy of flowing water, steam, or gas into mechanical energy.

• Pumps and turbines are both types of machines that involve the movement of fluids.

• Pumps generally increase the pressure of the fluid, whi...read more

Voltage rating in multiples of 11 is common due to historical reasons and practical considerations.

• Historically, early power systems used 110V and 220V as standard voltages.

• Multiples of 11 make it easier to design transformers and other electrical equipment.

• Standardizing on multiples of 11 simplifies the distribution and transmission of power.

• Common voltage ratings like 110V, 220V, 440V, etc., are all multiples of 11.

Speed control of an AC machine is achieved by varying the frequency of the input power supply.

• Speed control is typically done using a variable frequency drive (VFD) which adjusts the frequency of the input power to the motor.

• By increasing or decreasing the frequency, the motor speed can be controlled without changing the number of poles in the motor.

• For example, in an industrial setting, a VFD may be used to control the speed of a conveyor belt or a pump motor.

• Speed control i...read more

Heat run test of transformer is a test conducted to assess the performance of a transformer under normal operating conditions.

• Heat run test involves running the transformer at full load for a specified period of time to evaluate its temperature rise.

• The test helps in determining if the transformer can handle the heat generated during normal operation without overheating.

• It is essential to ensure that the transformer can operate efficiently and safely under varying load condit...read more

An induction machine is an AC electric motor in which the electric current in the rotor needed to produce torque is induced by electromagnetic induction from the magnetic field of the stator winding.

• Induction machines are commonly used in various industrial applications for their simplicity, reliability, and low maintenance requirements.

• They operate on the principle of electromagnetic induction, where a rotating magnetic field in the stator induces current in the rotor, causi...read more

A generator is a device that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy.

• Generators are commonly used as backup power sources during power outages.

• They can be powered by various sources such as gasoline, diesel, natural gas, or renewable energy sources like solar or wind.

• Generators come in different sizes and capacities to meet different power needs.

• They consist of an engine, alternator, fuel system, voltage regulator, cooling and exhaust systems, and control panel.

Absorber column absorbs a gas into a liquid, while a stripper column removes a component from a liquid.

• Absorber column is used to absorb a gas into a liquid, while a stripper column is used to remove a component from a liquid.

• Absorber column operates at a higher pressure than the stripper column.

• Absorber column is used in processes like gas sweetening, while stripper column is used in processes like solvent recovery.

• Examples of absorber columns include CO2 absorbers in natura...read more

Relative volatility is a measure of how easily a component in a mixture can be separated from other components through distillation.

• Relative volatility is calculated as the ratio of the vapor pressures of the two components being separated.

• It is used in distillation processes to determine the efficiency of separation.

• Higher relative volatility indicates easier separation of components.

• For example, in the separation of ethanol and water, ethanol has a higher relative volatilit...read more

Distillation is a process of separating components of a liquid mixture based on differences in boiling points.

• Distillation involves heating the liquid mixture to create vapor, then cooling the vapor to condense it back into liquid form.

• The components with lower boiling points will vaporize first and be collected, while the components with higher boiling points will remain in liquid form.

• Examples of distillation include the production of alcoholic beverages like whiskey and th...read more

Entropy is a measure of disorder or randomness in a system.

• Entropy increases in closed systems over time

• It is a key concept in thermodynamics

• Entropy can be thought of as the amount of energy in a system that is no longer available to do work