30+ Interview Questions and Answers

Gate and net scores for MSc and MTech with 60% and above.

• For MSc and MTech, a minimum of 60% is required in the qualifying exam.

• The candidate needs to clear the GATE exam with a good score.

• NET score is also considered for admission in some universities.

• Examples: MSc with GATE score of 70 and NET score of 80, MTech with GATE score of 80 and NET score of 75.

Loads acting on a car while moving on the road

• Weight of the car

• Frictional force between the tires and the road

• Air resistance or drag

• Inertia

• Centrifugal force while turning

• Additional weight of passengers and cargo

Creating a chat bot in Python involves several steps such as defining intents, training the model, and integrating with messaging platforms.

• Define intents and entities for the chat bot using a natural language processing library like spaCy or NLTK.

• Train the chat bot model using a machine learning framework like TensorFlow or PyTorch.

• Integrate the chat bot with messaging platforms like Facebook Messenger or Slack using APIs.

• Continuously improve the chat bot's performance by co...read more

Yes, I have knowledge of pointers in C.

• Pointers are variables that store the memory address of another variable.

• They are used to manipulate data directly in memory.

• Pointers can be used to pass values by reference, allowing functions to modify the original data.

• Example: int *ptr; ptr = # *ptr = 10; // changes the value of num to 10

The second law of thermodynamics states that the total entropy of an isolated system can never decrease over time.

• Entropy in a closed system tends to increase over time

• Heat flows from hot to cold objects, never the other way around

• Efficiency of energy conversion processes is limited by the second law of thermodynamics

Some libraries used for web automation are Selenium, Puppeteer, and Playwright.

• Selenium is a popular choice for automating web browsers across many platforms.

• Puppeteer is a Node library which provides a high-level API to control Chrome or Chromium over the DevTools Protocol.

• Playwright is a Node library for automating browsers, including Chromium, Firefox, and WebKit.

GD&T symbols include geometric symbols, datum feature symbols, and material condition modifiers.

• Geometric symbols include straightness, flatness, circularity, cylindricity, and profile of a surface

• Datum feature symbols include datum target, datum feature simulator, and datum feature identifier

• Material condition modifiers include maximum material condition, least material condition, and regardless of feature size

• GD&T symbols are used to specify the geometric requirements of a ...read more

Composites are materials made by combining two or more different materials to create a new material with improved properties.

• Composites are made by combining two or more materials, such as fibers and resins, to create a new material with improved properties.

• Composites are lighter and stronger than metals, making them ideal for use in aerospace, automotive, and sporting goods industries.

• Composites are also corrosion-resistant and have a longer lifespan than metals.

• Examples of ...read more

FTIR and GCMS are analytical instruments used for identifying and quantifying chemical compounds.

• FTIR stands for Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and GCMS stands for Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry.

• FTIR measures the absorption of infrared radiation by a sample to identify the functional groups present in the compound.

• GCMS separates and identifies the individual components of a mixture by their mass-to-charge ratio.

• Both instruments are widely used in chemistry, pha...read more

A lathe machine is a tool used for shaping materials by rotating them against a cutting tool. It is operated by controlling the rotation speed and feed rate.

• Lathe machine rotates the workpiece against a cutting tool to remove material and create a desired shape.

• It can perform various functions such as turning, facing, drilling, boring, and taper turning.

• Threading on a lathe machine involves cutting threads on a workpiece using a threading tool.

• Operators control the lathe mach...read more

kgF stands for kilogram-force, a unit of force in the metric system.

• kgF is a unit of force in the metric system, specifically equal to the force exerted by one kilogram of mass in standard gravity (9.80665 m/s^2).

• It is commonly used in engineering and physics to measure forces.

• 1 kgF is approximately equal to 9.81 Newtons (N).

Stress strain curve shows the relationship between stress (force applied) and strain (resulting deformation) in a material.

• It is a graphical representation of the behavior of a material under loading.

• The curve typically consists of three regions: elastic deformation, plastic deformation, and fracture.

• The slope of the curve in the elastic region represents the material's stiffness or Young's modulus.

• The ultimate tensile strength is the maximum stress a material can withstand b...read more

The different equations of thermodynamics describe the relationships between energy, heat, and work in a system.

• The first law of thermodynamics: ΔU = Q - W, where ΔU is the change in internal energy, Q is heat added to the system, and W is work done by the system.

• The second law of thermodynamics: ΔS ≥ 0, where ΔS is the change in entropy of a closed system.

• The ideal gas law: PV = nRT, where P is pressure, V is volume, n is the number of moles, R is the gas constant, and T is ...read more

Functional remote sensing involves using satellite or aerial imagery to gather information about the Earth's surface and its processes.

• Utilizes satellite or aerial imagery to collect data

• Analyzes the data to understand processes on Earth's surface

• Can be used for monitoring land use changes, vegetation health, and environmental impacts

• Helps in disaster management and urban planning

• Examples include monitoring deforestation using satellite images or tracking crop health using ae...read more

Stipend varies depending on the company and location.

• Stipend amount may range from minimum wage to a few thousand dollars per month.

• Some companies may offer additional benefits like housing or transportation allowances.

• Location plays a significant role in determining the stipend amount.

• Interns in major cities may receive higher stipends compared to interns in smaller towns.

• Stipend may also vary based on the industry and the level of experience of the intern.

Microcontroller is a single integrated circuit that contains a processor core, memory, and programmable input/output peripherals, while a microprocessor is just the processor core.

• Microcontroller is a single-chip computer system with integrated memory, I/O peripherals, and a processor core.

• Microprocessor is a standalone processor chip without integrated memory or peripherals.

• Microcontrollers are used in embedded systems like washing machines, microwave ovens, etc.

• Microprocess...read more

A t-s diagram is a thermodynamic diagram used to visualize the temperature-entropy relationship of a system. Casting is a manufacturing process where a liquid material is poured into a mold to solidify into a desired shape.

• A t-s diagram plots temperature on the x-axis and entropy on the y-axis, showing the thermodynamic state of a system.

• Casting involves pouring molten metal, plastic, or other materials into a mold to create a specific shape.

• Different types of casting include...read more

1st angle projection is a method of creating a 2D drawing of a 3D object where the view is projected onto a plane located in front of the object.

• The object is placed in the first quadrant of the coordinate system

• The plane of projection is placed between the object and the observer

• The observer looks towards the object through the plane of projection

• The view of the object is projected onto the plane of projection

• Commonly used in Europe and Asia

DRDO plays a crucial role in the defense sector by developing indigenous technologies and weapons systems for the Indian Armed Forces.

• DRDO is responsible for research and development of defense technologies in India.

• It works on various projects related to missiles, aircraft, naval systems, electronic warfare, and more.

• DRDO aims to reduce dependency on foreign countries for defense equipment and promote self-reliance.

• Examples of DRDO's successful projects include the Agni miss...read more

3rd angle projection is a method of creating a 2D drawing of a 3D object where the view is projected onto a plane from the opposite side of the object.

• The object is placed in the third quadrant of the coordinate system.

• The view is projected onto a plane that is placed in front of the object.

• The resulting drawing shows the object as if it has been sliced and unfolded onto the plane.

• Commonly used in engineering and manufacturing drawings.

• Used in countries like Australia, New Ze...read more

GIS is used in terrain field for mapping, analysis, and visualization of spatial data.

• Mapping terrain features such as elevation, slope, aspect, and land cover

• Analyzing terrain characteristics for environmental impact assessments

• Visualizing terrain data for urban planning and disaster management

• Creating 3D models of terrain for simulation and visualization

• Monitoring changes in terrain over time using remote sensing data

The voltage formula is used to calculate the voltage in an electrical circuit.

• The voltage formula is V = I * R, where V is the voltage, I is the current, and R is the resistance.

• This formula is derived from Ohm's Law, which states that the current flowing through a conductor is directly proportional to the voltage and inversely proportional to the resistance.

• By rearranging the formula, we can also calculate current (I = V / R) or resistance (R = V / I) if the other two values...read more

GD&T stands for Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing, a system used to define and communicate engineering tolerances.

• GD&T is a language used to communicate design intent and ensure parts are manufactured to the correct specifications.

• It uses symbols and annotations to define the allowable variation in form, orientation, location, and size of features on a part.

• GD&T is important for ensuring parts fit together correctly and function as intended.

• Examples of GD&T symbols inclu...read more

INS stands for Inertial Navigation System.

• INS is a navigation system that uses a combination of accelerometers and gyroscopes to determine the position, orientation, and velocity of a moving object.

• It is commonly used in aircraft, spacecraft, ships, and submarines to provide continuous navigation information.

• INS can operate independently of external references, making it useful in situations where GPS signals are unavailable or unreliable.

• It works based on the principle of me...read more

I plan to pursue a PhD in my field of research and eventually work in academia or industry.

• Continue research in my area of interest

• Apply for PhD programs

• Explore opportunities in academia or industry

• Attend conferences and publish research papers

• Network with professionals in the field

My strengths include strong communication skills, adaptability, and problem-solving abilities.

• Strong communication skills - able to effectively convey ideas and information

• Adaptability - can easily adjust to new situations and environments

• Problem-solving abilities - skilled at analyzing situations and finding solutions

One of my weaknesses is that I tend to be overly critical of my own work, which can sometimes lead to self-doubt.

• I have a tendency to overthink things and can be indecisive at times

• I struggle with public speaking and often get nervous in front of large groups

• I have difficulty delegating tasks and prefer to take on too much responsibility myself

My strength is my ability to effectively communicate and collaborate with team members.

• Strong communication skills

• Ability to collaborate and work well with others

• Effective problem-solving and decision-making skills

• Leadership qualities

• Adaptability and flexibility

DRDL stands for Defence Research and Development Laboratory.

• DRDL is a laboratory under the Defence Research and Development Organization (DRDO) in India.

• It is responsible for the research and development of technologies for the Indian Armed Forces.

• DRDL works on projects related to missiles, radars, electronic warfare systems, etc.

Second law of thermodynamics states that the total entropy of a closed system always increases over time.

• Entropy is a measure of disorder or randomness in a system.

• Heat always flows from hotter to cooler objects, never the other way around.

• Efficiency of energy conversion processes is limited by the second law of thermodynamics.

• Examples include the cooling of a hot cup of coffee, the expansion of a gas, and the decay of radioactive materials.

• The law applies to all natural proc...read more

Solder wire is a fusible metal alloy used to join together metal components.

• Solder wire is made up of a combination of metals, typically lead and tin.

• It has a low melting point, allowing it to be melted and used as a filler material to create a bond between metal surfaces.

• Solder wire is commonly used in electronics and plumbing to connect electrical components or join pipes.

• It comes in various diameters and compositions to suit different applications.

• Examples of solder wire b...read more