CostaCloud Software Engineer Interview Questions and Answers

Q1. Explain the difference between ArrayList and LinkedList in Java. When would you choose one over the other?
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Q2. What are the advantages and disadvantages of using Java’s synchronized keyword for thread synchronization? Can you explain how the ReentrantLock compares to synchronized?
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Q3. What is the difference between == and .equals() in Java? When should each be used, and what issues can arise from improper usage?
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Q4. How does the Java garbage collector work? Can you describe the different types of garbage collection algorithms available in Java?
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Q5. What are the main features of Java 8? Can you explain how lambdas and the Stream API have changed the way Java applications are written?
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Q6. Describe the differences between checked and unchecked exceptions in Java. Provide examples and explain how to handle them properly.
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Q7. What is the Java Memory Model, and how does it affect multithreading and synchronization? How does volatile help ensure memory visibility?
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Q8. Can you explain the difference between method overloading and method overriding in Java? Provide examples where each should be used.
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Q9. What are functional interfaces in Java? How do they work with lambda expressions? Provide an example of a custom functional interface.
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Q10. What is a Java Stream, and how does it differ from an Iterator? Explain how Streams can be used to process collections efficiently.
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Q11. Explain the concept of immutability in Java. How does the String class achieve immutability, and what are the advantages of immutable objects?
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Q12. What is the difference between final, finally, and finalize in Java? Provide examples to illustrate their usage.
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Q13. Explain the Singleton design pattern in Java. How can you implement it safely to ensure thread safety?
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Q14. What are Java annotations, and how are they used in frameworks like Spring? Explain the difference between built-in and custom annotations.
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Q15. How do Java Streams handle parallel processing? What are the potential pitfalls of using parallel streams, and how can they be mitigated?
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Q16. Explain the difference between ArrayList and LinkedList in Java. ArrayList is implemented as a dynamic array, while LinkedList is a doubly linked list. ArrayList provides fast random access (O(1) complexi...read more
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Q17. What are the advantages and disadvantages of using Java’s synchronized keyword for thread synchronization? The synchronized keyword ensures that only one thread can access a block of code at a time. It pr...read more
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Q18. What is the difference between == and .equals() in Java? == checks for reference equality, meaning it compares memory addresses. equals() checks for value equality, which can be overridden in user-defined...read more
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Q19. How does the Java garbage collector work? Garbage collection in Java automatically reclaims memory occupied by unused objects. The JVM has different types of GC algorithms, including Serial, Parallel, CMS...read more
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Q20. What are the main features of Java 8? Java 8 introduced lambda expressions, enabling functional-style programming. The Stream API allows efficient data processing with map, filter, and reduce operations. ...read more
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Standard quantitative questions accompanied by logical reasoning and related topics.

Q1. Asked about my projects.
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Q2. What are the basic Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) concepts, including polymorphism and inheritance?
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OOP concepts include encapsulation, inheritance, polymorphism, and abstraction.
• Encapsulation: Bundling data and methods that operate on the data into a single unit (class).

• Inheritance: Allows a class to inherit properties and behavior from another class.

• Polymorphism: Objects of different classes can be treated as objects of a common superclass.

• Abstraction: Hides complex implementation details and only shows the necessa
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Q3. Can you explain React, how it functions, and the related concepts?
Ans. 
React is a JavaScript library for building user interfaces.
• React allows developers to create reusable UI components.

• It uses a virtual DOM for efficient rendering.

• React uses a declarative approach to define how the UI should look based on the application state.

• It supports server-side rendering for improved performance.

• React can be used with other libraries like Redux for state management.
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Q4. About my final year project and how would you improve it?
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Q1. Can you introduce yourself and provide some information about your family?
Ans. 
I am a software engineer with a passion for coding and problem-solving. I come from a close-knit family with supportive parents and siblings.
• Software engineer with coding and problem-solving skills

• Close-knit family with supportive parents and siblings
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Q2. What are your strengths and weaknesses, and how are you addressing your weaknesses?
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My strengths include problem-solving and teamwork, while my weaknesses are time management and public speaking. I am addressing my weaknesses by taking time management courses and practicing public speaking.
• Strengths: problem-solving, teamwork

• Weaknesses: time management, public speaking

• Addressing weaknesses: taking time management courses, practicing public speaking
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Q1. Technical questions regarding Salesforce
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Q2. Technical questions regarding Salesforce
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Q1. Salary discussion
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Q2. Salary discussion
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Q1. Can you tell me about yourself?
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I am a passionate software engineer with 5 years of experience in developing web applications using various technologies.
• 5 years of experience in software development

• Proficient in developing web applications

• Skilled in using various technologies

• Passionate about software engineering
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Q2. Can you explain one of the projects you completed during the academic year?
Ans. 
Developed a web-based student management system for tracking attendance and grades.
• Used HTML, CSS, and JavaScript for front-end development.

• Implemented backend functionality using PHP and MySQL database.

• Incorporated user authentication and authorization features for secure access.

• Tested the system thoroughly to ensure functionality and user-friendliness.
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Q3. What were some of the fundamental concepts of Artificial Intelligence that the interviewer inquired about during your interview as a Computer Science and Engineering - Artificial Intelligence and Machine L...read more
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Q4. What were your Achievements in the graduation years
Ans. 
Graduated with honors, completed multiple internships, and won coding competitions
• Graduated with honors in Computer Science

• Completed internships at XYZ Company and ABC Corporation

• Won first place in coding competition at university hackathon
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Q1. Asked about technical expertise and topic related question
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Q2. Notice period and salary discussion
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Q1. Technical in depth
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Q2. Salary discussion
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Q1. Notice period and salary discussion
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