10+ Sophos Technologies Interview Questions and Answers

Constructor is a special member function that initializes objects of a class.

• Constructor has the same name as the class and no return type.

• It is called automatically when an object is created.

• It can be overloaded with different parameters.

• Example: class Car { public: Car(string make, string model) { ... } };

• Example: Car myCar("Toyota", "Corolla");

Class is a blueprint for creating objects. Objects are instances of a class with their own set of properties and methods.

• Classes define the properties and methods that objects will have

• Objects are created from a class using the 'new' keyword

• Objects can interact with each other through their methods and properties

• Example: class Car { int speed; void accelerate(); }; Car myCar; myCar.accelerate();

• Example: class Person { string name; int age; void sayHello(); }; Person john; joh...read more

A circular linked list is a linked list where the last node points to the first node.

• It is a data structure where each node points to the next node and the last node points to the first node.

• It can be used to implement a round-robin scheduling algorithm.

• Traversal of a circular linked list requires a condition to stop the traversal, such as reaching the starting node again.

Operation overloading is the ability to define multiple functions with the same name but different parameters.

• Allows multiple functions with the same name to perform different tasks

• Functions must have different parameters or different number of parameters

• Used to simplify code and improve readability

• Example: + operator can be overloaded to add integers, concatenate strings, or add complex numbers

Polymorphism is the ability of a function or method to behave differently based on the object it is called with.

• Polymorphism allows objects of different classes to be treated as objects of a common superclass.

• There are two types of polymorphism: compile-time (method overloading) and runtime (method overriding).

• Example: Animal class with methods eat() and sleep(). Dog and Cat classes can inherit from Animal and override eat() method.

Memory management involves allocating and deallocating memory for variables and objects.

• Variables can be allocated on the stack or heap depending on their scope and lifetime.

• Objects can be created using new operator and must be deleted using delete operator to avoid memory leaks.

• Smart pointers like unique_ptr and shared_ptr can be used to manage object memory automatically.

• Memory leaks can be avoided by properly managing object ownership and using RAII.

• Memory fragmentation ca...read more

Stack memory is allocated automatically, while heap memory is allocated manually.

• Stack memory is limited and has a fixed size, while heap memory is larger and can grow dynamically.

• Stack memory is faster to access than heap memory.

• Stack memory is used for local variables and function calls, while heap memory is used for dynamic memory allocation.

• Examples of stack memory include function call stack and local variables, while examples of heap memory include dynamically allocated...read more

Testing is the process of evaluating a system or its component(s) with the intent to find whether it satisfies the specified requirements or not.

• In the absence of a senior, I would refer to the project documentation and requirements to understand the scope of testing.

• I would prioritize the testing based on criticality and risk analysis.

• I would communicate with the development team to understand the changes made and the impact on testing.

• I would use automated testing tools to ...read more

Spring MVC is a framework for building web applications using the Model-View-Controller design pattern, while Spring Boot is an opinionated framework for quickly building production-ready applications.

• Spring MVC is more customizable and requires more configuration compared to Spring Boot.

• Spring Boot provides a set of defaults and auto-configuration options to simplify development.

• Spring Boot is ideal for microservices and standalone applications, while Spring MVC is better su...read more

Collections are data structures that store and organize multiple elements.

• Collections allow for efficient storage and retrieval of data

• They provide various operations for manipulating the data, such as adding, removing, and searching for elements

• Examples of collections include arrays, lists, sets, and maps

TypeScript is a superset of JavaScript that adds static typing and other features to help developers write more robust code.

• TypeScript is developed and maintained by Microsoft.

• It compiles down to plain JavaScript.

• It helps catch errors at compile time rather than runtime.