900+ Softwaretest Engineer Interview Questions and Answers

Java is a popular programming language used for developing various applications.

• Java is an object-oriented language

• It is platform-independent

• It is used for developing web, mobile, and desktop applications

• Java programs are compiled into bytecode and run on Java Virtual Machine (JVM)

Retesting is testing the same functionality again after fixing the defects. Regression testing is testing the unchanged functionality to ensure that it still works after changes.

• Retesting is done to ensure that the defects reported in the previous cycle have been fixed.

• Regression testing is done to ensure that the changes made to the software have not affected the existing functionality.

• Retesting is done on the same test cases that failed previously.

• Regression testing is done...read more

Encapsulation, Inheritance, Polymorphism, and Abstraction are the OOP concepts used in my framework.

• Encapsulation: Used to hide the internal details of an object and provide a public interface.

• Inheritance: Used to create a new class from an existing class, inheriting its properties and methods.

• Polymorphism: Used to perform a single action in different ways based on the object's type.

• Abstraction: Used to provide a simplified view of complex systems by hiding unnecessary detail...read more

ETL stands for Extract, Transform, Load. It is a process used to extract data from various sources, transform it into a consistent format, and load it into a target database or data warehouse.

• Extract: Involves extracting data from different sources such as databases, files, APIs, etc.

• Transform: Data is cleaned, validated, and transformed into a consistent format suitable for analysis.

• Load: The transformed data is loaded into a target database or data warehouse for further ana...read more

Ceiling and floor are math functions in C. Pre and post increment are operators in OOPs concept.

• Ceiling function rounds up a given number to the nearest integer. Example: ceil(4.2) = 5

• Floor function rounds down a given number to the nearest integer. Example: floor(4.8) = 4

• Pre-increment operator increments the value of a variable before using it in an expression. Example: ++x

• Post-increment operator increments the value of a variable after using it in an expression. Example: x+...read more

Yes, I can write a query to fetch data from a table which matches the records.

• Use SELECT statement to fetch data from the table

• Use WHERE clause to specify the condition for matching records

• Example: SELECT * FROM table_name WHERE column_name = 'value'

Collaborate with developer to understand the issue and gather more information for better reproduction

• Collaborate with developer to understand the steps followed and environment used

• Check if there are any specific conditions or configurations required to reproduce the defect

• Try different scenarios or inputs to trigger the defect

• Analyze logs or error messages to identify potential causes of the issue

Design a NodeJs backend with TypeScript for a Grocery Management API, focusing on ordering functionality.

• Define the project structure: Use a modular approach with separate folders for routes, controllers, models, and services.

• Set up Express.js: Create an Express server to handle incoming requests and define routes for ordering, such as POST /orders.

• Implement TypeScript: Use TypeScript for type safety, defining interfaces for Order, Product, and User models.

• Database integratio...read more

Critical section is a code segment that should not be executed by multiple threads simultaneously. Solution is to use synchronization techniques.

• Critical section is a part of code that should be executed by only one thread at a time

• Multiple threads accessing critical section can lead to race conditions and data inconsistency

• Synchronization techniques like locks, semaphores, and monitors can be used to ensure mutual exclusion

• Locks can be used to acquire and release access to c...read more

Design a communication system for sending notifications via push, email, and transactional methods, handling both synchronous and asynchronous events.

• Notification Types: Implement different channels like push notifications for real-time updates, emails for detailed information, and transactional notifications for critical actions.

• Asynchronous Events: Use message queues (e.g., RabbitMQ) for handling events like user sign-ups or order confirmations, allowing for delayed process...read more

A hash map is a data structure that stores key-value pairs, using a hash function to map keys to indexes in an array.

• Hash map uses a hash function to determine the index of the key in the underlying array.

• Collision resolution techniques like chaining or open addressing are used to handle cases where multiple keys hash to the same index.

• Custom objects used as keys must override the hashCode() and equals() methods for proper functioning in a hash map.

OOPs is a programming paradigm based on the concept of objects. Linked list is a data structure. Pointers are variables that store memory addresses. Copy constructor creates a new object by copying an existing object.

• OOPs is based on objects

• Linked list is a data structure

• Pointers store memory addresses

• Copy constructor creates new object by copying existing object

Yes, monkey testing can be done even if you are new to the project.

• Monkey testing is a random testing technique where inputs are generated randomly without any prior knowledge of the system.

• Being new to the project can actually be beneficial as it allows for a fresh perspective and unbiased testing.

• However, it is important to have a basic understanding of the project's requirements and functionalities before conducting monkey testing.

• Examples of monkey testing tools include M...read more

Feature file is a file that contains high-level description of a software feature. Scenario is a specific instance of a feature.

• Feature file is written in Gherkin language

• It describes the behavior of a feature in plain English

• Scenario is a set of steps that describe a specific instance of a feature

• It includes preconditions, actions and expected outcomes

• Feature file and scenarios are used in Behavior Driven Development (BDD)

Turn on one switch for a few minutes, turn it off, then turn on another switch. Enter the room and touch the bulbs to determine which is warm and which is cold.

• Turn on switch 1 and leave it on for a few minutes

• Turn off switch 1 and turn on switch 2

• Enter the room and touch the bulbs

• The bulb that is warm is connected to switch 1, the bulb that is cold is connected to switch 2

Yes, I can replicate the screen in Angular that is currently visible on my display.

• Use Angular's component structure to recreate the screen

• Identify the HTML elements and CSS styles used on the screen

• Fetch data from APIs if needed to populate the screen

• Ensure functionality like buttons, forms, and interactions are replicated accurately

Data test in Backend involves verifying the accuracy and integrity of data stored in the database.

• Verify data types and formats

• Check for missing or duplicate data

• Test data retrieval and manipulation

• Perform boundary value analysis

• Use SQL queries to validate data

• Ensure data security and privacy

Regression, black box, and functional testing are types of software testing. Bug, defect, and error are terms used to describe issues found during testing. A test plan is a document outlining the testing approach. TCD stands for Test Case Document.

• Regression testing checks if changes to the software have introduced new bugs or caused existing ones to reappear.

• Black box testing focuses on testing the functionality of the software without knowledge of its internal workings.

• Func...read more

I handle real-time scenarios by analyzing the situation, prioritizing tasks, and taking quick decisions.

• I analyze the situation and identify the critical components

• I prioritize tasks based on their impact on the system

• I take quick decisions to resolve the issue and minimize the impact

• I communicate effectively with the team to ensure everyone is on the same page

Future technical advancements may include AI, automation, IoT, and quantum computing.

• Artificial Intelligence (AI) will continue to advance and be integrated into various software systems.

• Automation will become more prevalent, reducing manual testing efforts.

• Internet of Things (IoT) will expand, leading to increased testing requirements for connected devices.

• Quantum computing may revolutionize software testing by solving complex problems more efficiently.

API testing is testing the APIs directly to ensure they meet functionality, reliability, performance, and security requirements.

• Understand the API documentation to identify endpoints, parameters, and expected responses

• Create test cases to validate input/output data, error handling, and authentication

• Use tools like Postman or SoapUI to send requests and verify responses

• Perform functional, performance, security, and integration testing on APIs

• Automate API tests to run continuou...read more

Use the heat from the bulb to identify the correct switch with one chance.

• Turn on the first switch and leave it on for about 5-10 minutes.

• After the time has passed, turn off the first switch and turn on the second switch.

• Immediately go to the room with the bulb.

• If the bulb is on, it is connected to the second switch.

• If the bulb is off but warm, it is connected to the first switch.

• If the bulb is off and cold, it is connected to the third switch.

Answers to software testing interview questions

• Ascy method is not a known term in software testing

• Inner exception is an exception that occurs within another exception

• Ref and out are both used for passing parameters by reference, but out requires the variable to be initialized before use

• Singleton design pattern is a creational pattern that ensures only one instance of a class is created and provides a global point of access to it

• Sealed class is a class that cannot be inherited...read more

Use Selenium with TestNG to automate the process of checking for broken links on a webpage.

• 1. Use Selenium WebDriver to navigate to the webpage.

• 2. Locate all anchor tags (<a>) using findElements method.

• 3. Extract the href attribute from each anchor tag.

• 4. Send HTTP requests to each URL to check the response status.

• 5. Log or report any URLs that return a 404 status code or other error codes.

Smoke testing is a subset of regression testing, while sanity testing is a subset of acceptance testing.

• Smoke testing is done to check if the critical functionalities of the software are working fine after a build.

• Sanity testing is done to check if the new changes or fixes in the software are working fine and not breaking the existing functionalities.

• Smoke testing is done before the actual testing process begins, while sanity testing is done after the completion of the testin...read more

Different validations in testing include input validation, boundary validation, error handling validation, and data validation.

• Input validation ensures that the system accepts only valid inputs.

• Boundary validation checks the system's behavior at the boundaries of valid input ranges.

• Error handling validation verifies that the system handles errors gracefully.

• Data validation ensures that the data processed by the system is accurate and consistent.

I ensure code scalability and security through best practices, design patterns, and regular code reviews.

• Use modular design: Break down code into smaller, reusable components to enhance scalability. For example, microservices architecture.

• Implement security best practices: Use encryption for sensitive data, such as HTTPS for web applications.

• Conduct regular code reviews: Peer reviews help identify potential security vulnerabilities and scalability issues early.

• Utilize load te...read more