100+ Softwaretest Engineer Interview Questions and Answers for Freshers

Answering questions related to software testing, algorithms, and object-oriented programming concepts.

• To print the frequency of each alphabet in a string, create a hashmap to store the count of each alphabet.

• To swap two numbers using constant space, use XOR operation: a = a ^ b, b = a ^ b, a = a ^ b.

• Abstraction is hiding the implementation details and showing only the necessary features. Encapsulation is bundling data and methods into a single unit. Polymorphism allows object...read more

Answers to common questions asked in a Software Test Engineer interview

• Software testing is necessary to ensure the quality, reliability, and performance of software applications

• Regression testing is re-testing of a software application to ensure that new code changes have not adversely affected existing functionality

• RTM (Requirement Traceability Matrix) is used to trace requirements throughout the software development and testing process

• The owner of a rejected bug is typicall...read more

Key modules to test in a login-based app include authentication, user interface, security, and error handling.

• Authentication: Verify correct username/password combinations (e.g., valid vs. invalid logins).

• User Interface: Check for responsive design and accessibility (e.g., layout on different devices).

• Security: Test for vulnerabilities like SQL injection and password encryption.

• Error Handling: Ensure appropriate error messages are displayed for failed logins (e.g., 'Incorrect...read more

No, different methods are required for different operations in API.

• Different methods are required for different HTTP verbs like GET, POST, PUT, DELETE.

• Methods should be designed to perform specific actions like fetching data, updating data, etc.

• Using a single method for all operations can lead to confusion and errors.

• For example, using GET method for updating data can cause security issues.

Design a NodeJs backend with TypeScript for a Grocery Management API, focusing on ordering functionality.

• Define the project structure: Use a modular approach with separate folders for routes, controllers, models, and services.

• Set up Express.js: Create an Express server to handle incoming requests and define routes for ordering, such as POST /orders.

• Implement TypeScript: Use TypeScript for type safety, defining interfaces for Order, Product, and User models.

• Database integratio...read more

Critical section is a code segment that should not be executed by multiple threads simultaneously. Solution is to use synchronization techniques.

• Critical section is a part of code that should be executed by only one thread at a time

• Multiple threads accessing critical section can lead to race conditions and data inconsistency

• Synchronization techniques like locks, semaphores, and monitors can be used to ensure mutual exclusion

• Locks can be used to acquire and release access to c...read more

Identify bugs in a system diagram using various testing methods and techniques to ensure quality and functionality.

• Review the system diagram for logical inconsistencies or missing components, e.g., a missing data flow between modules.

• Conduct boundary value analysis by testing inputs at the edges of valid ranges, e.g., testing a user input limit.

• Utilize state transition testing to verify system behavior across different states, e.g., checking user login states.

• Perform integrat...read more

Retesting is testing the same functionality again after fixing the defects. Regression testing is testing the entire system after changes.

• Retesting ensures that the defects have been fixed and the functionality is working as expected.

• Regression testing ensures that the changes made to the system have not affected the existing functionality.

• Defect tracking tool is used to track and manage defects found during testing.

• SDLC (Software Development Life Cycle) is the process of dev...read more

To prevent a function from being made an object, use the 'static' keyword in the function declaration.

• Declare the function as 'static' to make it only accessible within its own source file.

• Static functions cannot be called using an object of the class.

• Example: 'static void myFunction() {}'

A WebAPI is an interface that allows communication between different software systems over the internet. Security can be added by implementing authentication and authorization mechanisms.

• WebAPI stands for Web Application Programming Interface

• It allows different software systems to communicate with each other over the internet

• Security can be added by implementing authentication and authorization mechanisms such as OAuth, JWT, or API keys

• Authentication verifies the identity of ...read more

Automation testing uses specialized tools to execute tests automatically, improving efficiency and accuracy in software testing.

• Increases testing speed by running tests automatically, e.g., using Selenium for web applications.

• Reduces human error by automating repetitive tasks, such as regression testing.

• Enables continuous integration and delivery (CI/CD) by integrating automated tests in the development pipeline.

• Supports testing of complex applications, e.g., performance test...read more

Integration of Excel in JMeter can be done using the Apache POI library.

• Download and add the Apache POI library to JMeter's classpath.

• Create a Test Plan and add a Thread Group.

• Add a Sampler and choose the appropriate request type.

• Add a Listener and choose the appropriate output format.

• Use the POI classes to read or write data to Excel files.

• Use JMeter variables to pass data between requests.

Selenium IDE supports Firefox browser only.

• Selenium IDE is a Firefox plugin.

• It records and plays back user interactions with the Firefox browser.

• It does not support other browsers like Chrome, Safari, etc.

Java is a popular object-oriented programming language used for developing various applications.

• Java is platform-independent and can run on any operating system

• It is used for developing web, mobile, and desktop applications

• Java is known for its security features and is widely used in enterprise applications

• The Java compiler is the piiler of the Java programming language

Prod function testing is to verify the functionality of the software while GUI based testing is to test the user interface.

• Prod function testing checks the functionality of the software without considering the user interface

• GUI based testing checks the user interface of the software

• Prod function testing is usually done by developers while GUI based testing is done by testers

• Examples of Prod function testing include unit testing and integration testing

• Examples of GUI based tes...read more

Manual testing is done by humans without the use of automation tools, while automation testing involves using tools to execute test cases.

• Manual testing is time-consuming and prone to human error.

• Automation testing is faster and more reliable.

• Manual testing is suitable for exploratory testing, ad-hoc testing, and usability testing.

• Automation testing is ideal for regression testing, performance testing, and load testing.

• Manual testing requires human intervention for each test ...read more

Singleton class is a design pattern that restricts the instantiation of a class to only one object.

• Singleton class ensures that a class has only one instance and provides a global point of access to it.

• It is often used in scenarios where only a single instance of a class is needed, such as for logging, database connections, or configuration settings.

• Example: Implementing a singleton class in Java involves creating a private static instance of the class and providing a public ...read more

Implement a function to check if an integer is a palindrome.

• Convert integer to string and check if it's equal to its reverse

• Use modulo operator to extract digits from the integer and compare them

• Handle negative integers by returning false

• Handle single digit integers by returning true

Manual testing in Agile model involves continuous testing throughout the development cycle.

• Manual testing is integrated into the Agile development process

• Test cases are created and executed in each sprint

• Feedback is provided to the development team for quick resolution of issues

• Testers work closely with developers and other stakeholders

• Regression testing is performed regularly to ensure the stability of the product

• Examples: Exploratory testing, acceptance testing, usability t...read more

Promises are objects that represent the eventual completion or failure of an asynchronous operation.

• A Promise can be in one of three states: pending, fulfilled, or rejected.

• You create a Promise using the Promise constructor: `let myPromise = new Promise((resolve, reject) => { ... });`

• To handle fulfilled or rejected states, use `.then()` and `.catch()`: `myPromise.then(result => { ... }).catch(error => { ... });`

• Promises can be chained: `myPromise.then(...).then(...).catch(......read more

JMeter is a load testing tool used to measure the performance of web applications.

• JMeter can simulate heavy loads on a server, allowing testers to identify performance bottlenecks.

• It can be used to test the performance of web applications, FTP servers, databases, and more.

• JMeter can generate reports and graphs to help analyze test results.

• It supports various protocols including HTTP, FTP, JDBC, SOAP, and more.

• JMeter can be used for functional testing, regression testing, and ...read more

There are two types of indexes in SQL: clustered and non-clustered.

• Clustered indexes determine the physical order of data in a table.

• Non-clustered indexes create a separate structure that contains a copy of the indexed columns.

• Clustered indexes are faster for retrieving large ranges of data.

• Non-clustered indexes are faster for retrieving small ranges of data or specific values.

• A table can have only one clustered index, but multiple non-clustered indexes.

STLC is a process followed by software testers to ensure high quality software is delivered.

• STLC consists of phases like requirement analysis, test planning, test design, test execution, and test closure.

• Each phase has specific goals and deliverables to ensure thorough testing of the software.

• STLC helps in identifying defects early in the software development life cycle, reducing costs and time.

• It ensures that the software meets the specified requirements and is of high quali...read more

I mostly play strategy and puzzle games.

• I enjoy games that challenge my problem-solving skills

• I also like games that require strategic thinking and planning

• Some of my favorite games include Chess, Sudoku, and Civilization

Optimizing big projects involves strategic planning, efficient resource management, and continuous improvement practices.

• Implement Agile methodologies to enhance flexibility and responsiveness to changes.

• Utilize automated testing tools to reduce manual testing time and increase coverage, e.g., Selenium for web applications.

• Conduct regular code reviews to maintain code quality and share knowledge among team members.

• Break down the project into smaller, manageable modules to fac...read more

Structures are user-defined data types that group together variables of different data types under a single name.

• Arrays are fixed-size data structures that store elements of the same data type in contiguous memory locations.

• Lists are dynamic data structures that can grow or shrink in size and can store elements of different data types.

• OOP concepts include encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism.

HTML stands for Hypertext Markup Language, used for creating and structuring web pages.

• HTML is a markup language used to create the structure of web pages

• It consists of elements enclosed in tags, such as <html>, <head>, <body>

• Attributes can be added to elements to provide additional information or functionality, like <img src='image.jpg'>