10+ Senior Software Developer 2 Interview Questions and Answers

Managing transactions in microservices requires strategies like eventual consistency, distributed transactions, and saga patterns.

• Use the Saga Pattern: Break down transactions into smaller, manageable steps across services. Example: Order processing can involve inventory, payment, and shipping services.

• Implement Eventual Consistency: Allow services to operate independently and synchronize data over time. Example: An order service updates inventory asynchronously.

• Leverage Dist...read more

Topological sort is a linear ordering of vertices in a directed acyclic graph. Counting number of islands involves identifying connected components in a graph.

• Topological sort is used to order vertices in a graph such that for every directed edge uv from vertex u to vertex v, u comes before v in the ordering.

• Number of islands in a graph can be counted by performing a depth-first search (DFS) or breadth-first search (BFS) to identify connected components.

• For example, in a grid...read more

Microservices pattern is an architectural style that structures an application as a collection of small, independent services.

• Microservices are independently deployable and scalable.

• Each microservice focuses on a specific business capability.

• Communication between microservices is usually done through APIs.

• Microservices can be developed using different programming languages and technologies.

• Examples of companies using microservices include Netflix, Amazon, and Uber.

Twitter's high level system design involves multiple services like user management, tweet storage, timeline generation, and real-time notifications.

• Use microservices architecture for scalability and fault tolerance

• Store user data in a distributed database like Cassandra or MongoDB

• Use a message queue like Kafka for real-time notifications

• Implement a caching layer for frequently accessed data like timelines

• Use a load balancer to distribute traffic evenly across servers

Spring Boot is a framework for building standalone, production-grade Spring-based applications.

• Spring Boot simplifies the process of creating and deploying Spring-based applications.

• It provides a set of pre-configured features and dependencies that can be easily integrated into the application.

• It includes an embedded web server, which eliminates the need for deploying the application to a separate server.

• It supports various data sources, such as JDBC, JPA, and NoSQL databases...read more

Binary search is a divide and conquer algorithm that efficiently finds the target value within a sorted array.

• Divide the array in half and compare the target value to the middle element

• If the target value is less than the middle element, search the left half of the array

• If the target value is greater than the middle element, search the right half of the array

• Repeat the process until the target value is found or the subarray is empty

Find the maximum sum of a subarray within an array of integers.

• Use Kadane's algorithm to find the maximum sum subarray in O(n) time complexity.

• Initialize max_sum and current_sum variables to track the maximum sum subarray.

• Iterate through the array and update current_sum by adding the current element or starting a new subarray.

• Update max_sum if current_sum is greater than max_sum.

• Return max_sum as the result.

Design an inventory system for tracking products and quantities.

• Use a database to store product information, including name, quantity, price, etc.

• Implement functions for adding, removing, and updating products in the inventory.

• Include features for generating reports on inventory levels and sales.

• Consider implementing barcode scanning for efficient product tracking.

A custom LinkedList implementation in Java with basic operations like add, remove, and display.

• Define a Node class to hold data and a reference to the next node.

• Create a LinkedList class with methods: add, remove, and display.

• Example of adding a node: list.add(5);

• Example of removing a node: list.remove(5);

• Display method traverses the list and prints each node's data.

Nodes and clusters in GCP are fundamental components for managing resources and workloads in cloud environments.

• A node is a virtual machine (VM) that runs your applications in GCP.

• A cluster is a collection of nodes that work together to manage workloads, such as in Kubernetes.

• For example, in Google Kubernetes Engine (GKE), a cluster can scale up or down based on demand.

• Nodes can be configured with different machine types to optimize performance and cost.