Senior Software Analyst Interview Questions and Answers

Updated 31 Dec 2024

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Q1. D/f b/w Put and Patch method in API?

Ans.

Put method is used to create or update a resource, while Patch method is used to update a resource partially.

Put method is idempotent, meaning multiple identical requests will have the same effect as a single request.
Patch method is not necessarily idempotent, as multiple identical requests may have different effects.
Put method requires the client to send the entire resource representation in the request body.
Patch method only requires the client to send the specific changes ...read more

Q2. Explain about cursors

Ans.

Cursors are database objects used to retrieve data from result sets one row at a time.

Cursors are commonly used in SQL to process individual rows returned by a query.
They can be used to update or delete specific rows in a result set.
Cursors can be declared, opened, fetched, and closed in SQL procedures or functions.
Example: DECLARE cursor_name CURSOR FOR SELECT column1, column2 FROM table_name;

Q3. What is mvc, static constructor

Ans.

MVC is a software architectural pattern that separates an application into three main components: Model, View, and Controller.

MVC stands for Model-View-Controller
Model represents the data and business logic
View displays the user interface
Controller handles user input and updates the model and view accordingly
Static constructor is a special constructor in a class that is used to initialize static members of the class
Static constructors are called automatically before any stati...read more

Q4. D/f b/w regression and retesting?

Ans.

Regression testing is done to ensure that new code changes have not adversely affected existing functionality, while retesting is done to verify that a specific bug has been fixed.

Regression testing is performed after code changes to ensure that existing functionality still works as expected.
Retesting is performed to verify that a specific bug has been fixed.
Regression testing is broader in scope and covers multiple functionalities, while retesting is focused on a specific is...read more

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Q5. What is collections?

Ans.

Collections in Java are frameworks that provide an architecture to store and manipulate a group of objects.

Collections provide interfaces (List, Set, Map) and classes (ArrayList, LinkedList, HashSet, HashMap) to store and manipulate groups of objects.
Collections framework provides algorithms to manipulate data structures like searching, sorting, etc.
Collections in Java are dynamic in nature, i.e., the size can be changed at runtime.
Example: List<String> names = new ArrayList<...read more

Q6. What is PermGen?

Ans.

PermGen stands for Permanent Generation in Java memory management.

PermGen is a part of the Java Heap memory space that stores metadata about the classes and methods used by the Java application.
It is separate from the Java Heap space used for storing objects and is limited in size.
PermGen space can be increased using JVM options like -XX:MaxPermSize.

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Q7. Internal working of hashmap?

Ans.

HashMap is a data structure that stores key-value pairs and uses hashing to quickly retrieve values based on keys.

HashMap internally uses an array of linked lists to store key-value pairs.
When a key-value pair is added, the key is hashed to determine the index in the array where it will be stored.
If multiple keys hash to the same index, a linked list is used to handle collisions.
To retrieve a value, the key is hashed again to find the index and then the linked list is searche...read more

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Q8. Java 8 features.

Ans.

Java 8 introduced several new features including lambda expressions, functional interfaces, streams, and default methods.

Lambda expressions allow you to pass functionality as a method argument.
Functional interfaces have a single abstract method and can be used with lambda expressions.
Streams provide a way to process collections of objects in a functional style.
Default methods allow interfaces to have method implementations.
Example: Stream<Integer> numbers = Arrays.asList(1, 2...read more