Security Engineer 2 Interview Questions and Answers

Understanding and resolving production issues is crucial for maintaining system security and reliability.

• Identify the issue: Use logs and monitoring tools to pinpoint the problem, e.g., a sudden spike in unauthorized access attempts.

• Assess impact: Determine how the issue affects users and systems, such as downtime or data breaches.

• Implement fixes: Apply patches or configuration changes, like updating firewall rules to block malicious IPs.

• Test solutions: Validate that the fix ...read more

Hashing algorithms are important for data security as they convert data into a fixed-size string of bytes, making it difficult to reverse engineer the original data.

• Hashing algorithms are used to securely store passwords by converting them into a unique hash value, making it difficult for attackers to retrieve the original password.

• They are also used in digital signatures to ensure data integrity and authenticity.

• Hashing algorithms are crucial in blockchain technology to secu...read more

Data security can be achieved through encryption, access control, regular audits, and employee training.

• Implement strong encryption algorithms to protect data in transit and at rest

• Use access control mechanisms to restrict unauthorized access to sensitive data

• Conduct regular security audits to identify vulnerabilities and address them promptly

• Provide comprehensive training to employees on data security best practices

• Implement multi-factor authentication for added security

The pillars of security are confidentiality, integrity, and availability.

• Confidentiality ensures that only authorized individuals can access sensitive information.

• Integrity ensures that data remains accurate and unaltered.

• Availability ensures that data and resources are accessible when needed.

• Other pillars may include authentication, authorization, and non-repudiation.

Cookies are small pieces of data stored on a user's browser by websites to remember user preferences and track user activity.

• Cookies are used to store information such as login credentials, shopping cart items, and user preferences.

• They can be either session cookies (temporary) or persistent cookies (stored for longer periods).

• Cookies can be set by the website being visited (first-party cookies) or by third-party services embedded on the website (third-party cookies).

To mitigate DDoS attacks, implement network security measures, use DDoS protection services, and monitor traffic patterns.

• Implement network security measures such as firewalls, intrusion detection systems, and access control lists

• Use DDoS protection services like cloud-based DDoS mitigation services or on-premise DDoS protection appliances

• Monitor traffic patterns for any unusual spikes or patterns that may indicate a DDoS attack

• Utilize rate limiting and traffic filtering to b...read more

SQL injection is a code injection technique that exploits vulnerabilities in an application's software.

• Use prepared statements or parameterized queries to prevent SQL injection. Example: Using PDO in PHP.

• Implement input validation to ensure only expected data types are accepted. Example: Restricting input to alphanumeric characters.

• Employ stored procedures to encapsulate SQL logic and reduce direct user input in queries.

• Utilize web application firewalls (WAF) to filter out ma...read more