10+ QA Test Lead Interview Questions and Answers

To get non-repeating substring from a string, we can use the sliding window technique.

• Create a hash set to store the characters in the current window.

• Iterate through the string and add each character to the hash set.

• If a repeating character is found, remove the first character from the hash set and move the window.

• Keep track of the longest non-repeating substring found so far.

• Return the longest non-repeating substring.

A program to count the number of characters in a given string.

• Iterate through each character in the string and increment a counter for each character encountered.

• Use a hashmap to store the count of each character for efficient counting.

• Handle edge cases such as empty string or null input.

Product backlog is a prioritized list of features to be developed. Sprint backlog is a subset of product backlog for a specific sprint.

• Product backlog is a dynamic document that evolves with the product development cycle

• It contains a list of features, enhancements, bug fixes, and other work items

• The items in the backlog are prioritized based on business value, risk, and other factors

• Sprint backlog is a subset of product backlog for a specific sprint

• It contains a list of items...read more

Implicit wait is a global wait applied to all elements, while explicit wait is applied to specific elements.

• Implicit wait is set once and applied to all elements in the script

• Explicit wait is set for specific elements and waits until a certain condition is met

• Implicit wait is not recommended as it can slow down the script unnecessarily

• Explicit wait is more efficient as it only waits for the necessary time

• Example of implicit wait: driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, ...read more

Velocity is the amount of work a team can complete in a sprint. Zero sprint is a sprint with no completed work.

• Velocity is a measure of a team's productivity in completing work during a sprint

• It is calculated by adding up the story points or tasks completed in a sprint

• Zero sprint is a sprint where no work is completed due to unforeseen circumstances or issues

• It is important to track velocity to help plan future sprints and estimate project timelines

Bug life cycle is the process of identifying, reporting, tracking, and resolving software defects.

• Bug is identified by testers during testing phase

• Bug is reported to development team

• Bug is assigned to a developer for fixing

• Bug is retested by testers after fixing

• Bug is closed if it passes retesting or reopened if it fails

• Bug is verified in subsequent releases to ensure it does not reoccur

SQL query to find nth salary

• Use ORDER BY and LIMIT clauses

• Use subquery to exclude previous salaries

Dynamic elements in Selenium can be handled using various techniques like explicit waits, fluent waits, and dynamic xpath.

• Use explicit waits to wait for a specific condition to be met before proceeding with the test

• Use fluent waits to wait for a specific element to be visible or clickable

• Use dynamic xpath to locate elements based on changing attributes or values

Collection framework is a unified architecture for representing and manipulating collections of objects.

• Provides interfaces (List, Set, Map) and classes (ArrayList, HashSet, HashMap) for storing and manipulating groups of objects

• Offers algorithms for searching, sorting, and manipulating collections

• Promotes code reusability and efficiency in handling collections

SQL injection is a type of cyber attack where malicious SQL code is inserted into input fields to manipulate a database.

• SQL injection occurs when an attacker inserts malicious SQL code into input fields on a website.

• This can allow the attacker to access, modify, or delete data from the database.

• Preventing SQL injection involves using parameterized queries and input validation.

• Example: Entering ' OR 1=1--' into a login form to bypass authentication.

BDD framework is a software development process that encourages collaboration between developers, QA, and non-technical stakeholders.

• BDD stands for Behavior Driven Development

• Uses plain English to describe the behavior of an application

• Focuses on the behavior of the system rather than implementation details

• Uses tools like Cucumber, JBehave, SpecFlow

• Helps in creating automated tests that are easy to understand by non-technical stakeholders

Selectors in Selenium are used to identify web elements on a webpage for automation testing.

• Selectors include ID, class name, name, tag name, link text, partial link text, CSS selector, and XPath.

• ID selector is the fastest and most reliable, while XPath is the most powerful but slower.

• CSS selectors are commonly used due to their flexibility and readability.

• Example: driver.findElement(By.id("elementID"));

Wait statements in Selenium are used to pause the execution of the test script for a specified amount of time.

• Wait statements are used to handle synchronization issues in test automation scripts.

• There are two types of wait statements in Selenium: Implicit Wait and Explicit Wait.

• Implicit Wait sets a default waiting time for the elements to be available before throwing an exception.

• Explicit Wait allows the test script to wait for a certain condition to occur before proceeding f...read more

I have 8 years of experience in QA testing, including manual and automated testing.

• Experience in creating test plans, test cases, and test scripts

• Proficient in using testing tools like Selenium, JIRA, and TestRail

• Strong knowledge of different testing methodologies (e.g., black box, white box, regression)

• Experience in testing web applications, mobile apps, and APIs

• Familiarity with Agile and Scrum methodologies

• Experience in leading a team of QA testers

• Ability to identify and re...read more