1000+ Junior Engineer Interview Questions and Answers

Interview questions for Junior Engineer: self-introduction, size of cover blocks, and buckling of column.

• For self-introduction, talk about your education, work experience, and skills.

• Cover blocks are available in various sizes, such as 20mm, 25mm, 30mm, and 40mm.

• Buckling of column is a phenomenon where a column fails due to excessive compression load, causing it to bend or buckle.

• Factors affecting buckling include column length, cross-sectional area, and material properties.

The diesel engine in the fire pump room starts automatically when there is a loss of power.

• The diesel engine starts when there is a power outage to ensure continuous operation of the fire pump.

• It is designed to kick in automatically to maintain water pressure in case of emergencies.

• Regular maintenance and testing of the diesel engine is crucial to ensure it functions properly during emergencies.

Variable Frequency Drives (VFD) control the speed of an AC motor by varying the frequency and voltage of the power supplied.

• VFDs are used to save energy by adjusting motor speed to match the load requirements.

• Programming VFDs involves setting parameters such as acceleration, deceleration, and speed reference.

• VFDs can be controlled through various communication protocols like Modbus, Profibus, or Ethernet.

• Common programming languages for VFDs include ladder logic, function blo...read more

Different types of electrical motor starters include DOL starters, star-delta starters, and soft starters.

• Direct On Line (DOL) starters provide full voltage to the motor at start-up.

• Star-delta starters initially connect the motor in star configuration to reduce starting current.

• Soft starters gradually increase voltage to the motor to reduce starting current and mechanical stress.

• Other types include auto-transformer starters, electronic starters, and magnetic starters.

A circuit breaker is a safety device that automatically interrupts electrical flow in a circuit when it detects an overload or short circuit.

• Circuit breakers are designed to protect electrical systems from damage caused by excessive current flow.

• They operate by detecting abnormal conditions in the circuit, such as overcurrent or short circuits, and then opening the circuit to stop the flow of electricity.

• Circuit breakers can be classified based on voltage levels, such as low ...read more

The process for calibrating a weighing scale, flow transmitter, and level transmitter involves verifying accuracy and making adjustments as needed.

• Verify the accuracy of the weighing scale using known weights and adjusting as necessary.

• For the flow transmitter, compare the measured flow rate to a known standard and adjust the settings accordingly.

• Calibrate the level transmitter by comparing the indicated level with a reference point and making adjustments if needed.

Questions related to electrical engineering - transformer, motor principle and types of motors.

• Transformer works on the principle of electromagnetic induction to transfer electrical energy from one circuit to another.

• Motor principle is based on the interaction between magnetic fields and electric currents to produce rotational motion.

• Types of motors include AC motors, DC motors, stepper motors, servo motors, etc.

PHP code to connect with a database

• Use the mysqli_connect() function to establish a connection

• Provide the database hostname, username, password, and database name as parameters

• Check if the connection is successful using the mysqli_connect_errno() function

• Close the connection using the mysqli_close() function when done

Over-heating of Commutator in a DC motor can be caused by factors like excessive current, poor ventilation, dirty environment, and worn-out brushes.

• Excessive current flowing through the motor can cause the commutator to overheat.

• Poor ventilation around the motor can lead to inadequate cooling, resulting in overheating.

• A dirty environment can cause dust and debris to accumulate on the commutator, hindering heat dissipation.

• Worn-out brushes can create excessive friction and res...read more

Steel sections are structural shapes made from steel for construction purposes.

• I-beams

• H-beams

• C-channels

• Angle sections

• T-sections

• Z-sections

• Box sections

• Circular sections

PPE kit is a set of protective equipment worn to minimize exposure to hazards while working on machines.

• PPE kit includes items like gloves, goggles, helmets, masks, and coveralls.

• It is used to protect the wearer from physical, electrical, chemical, and biological hazards.

• PPE kit is essential to prevent injuries, illnesses, and accidents in the workplace.

• For example, wearing gloves can protect hands from cuts and burns while working with machinery.

Over current relay is set based on the load current and time characteristics.

• Determine the maximum load current and time characteristics

• Select the appropriate over current relay type and current rating

• Calculate the relay settings based on the load current and time characteristics

• Adjust the settings to ensure proper coordination with other protective devices

• Test the relay to ensure proper operation

To solve any problem for group discussion, one should listen actively, analyze the problem, suggest solutions, and encourage participation.

• Listen actively to understand the problem and perspectives of others.

• Analyze the problem by breaking it down into smaller parts and identifying the root cause.

• Suggest solutions based on the analysis and encourage others to do the same.

• Encourage participation by involving everyone in the discussion and valuing their input.

• Collaborate with t...read more

Tool types and their layout are important for efficient cutting. Proper cutting clearance and setting are crucial for accuracy.

• Different tool types include drills, end mills, taps, reamers, and more

• Layout from top to bottom depends on the specific tool and its purpose

• Cutting clearance is the distance between the tool and the workpiece

• Setting the tool involves adjusting its position and orientation for optimal cutting

• Proper tool selection, layout, clearance, and setting are es...read more

The procedure of repairing a shoulder involves identifying the issue, determining the appropriate treatment, and performing surgery if necessary.

• Diagnose the specific shoulder injury through physical examination and imaging tests.

• Develop a treatment plan which may include rest, physical therapy, or surgery.

• If surgery is required, the procedure may involve repairing torn ligaments, tendons, or cartilage.

• Rehabilitation post-surgery is crucial for full recovery and regaining str...read more

I would immediately assess the situation, identify the root cause of the fault, and take necessary steps to rectify it to ensure minimal impact on operations.

• Stay calm and assess the situation to understand the extent of the fault.

• Identify the root cause of the fault by analyzing relevant data and conducting troubleshooting.

• Take necessary steps to rectify the fault promptly to minimize downtime and impact on operations.

• Communicate effectively with team members and stakeholder...read more

IC engine has 4 strokes: intake, compression, power, and exhaust. Spark plug ignites fuel-air mixture. Voltage supply ensures spark plug works.

• Intake stroke: fuel-air mixture enters the cylinder

• Compression stroke: mixture is compressed by the piston

• Power stroke: spark plug ignites mixture, causing an explosion that pushes the piston down

• Exhaust stroke: piston pushes exhaust gases out of the cylinder

• Spark plug creates a spark that ignites the fuel-air mixture

• Voltage supply ens...read more

LEL stands for Lower Explosive Limit, UEL stands for Upper Explosive Limit. 5S is a method for organizing and maintaining a clean and safe workplace. Vacuum system is a system that uses suction to remove substances. Failure troubleshooting is the process of identifying and resolving issues. Steam distillation is a technique used to separate components of a mixture based on their boiling points.

• LEL is the lowest concentration of a flammable substance in air that can ignite

• UEL ...read more

The size of plywood board used in centring varies depending on the specific project requirements.

• The size of plywood board used in centring can range from 4 feet by 8 feet to 4 feet by 10 feet.

• Thicker plywood boards are typically used for heavier loads or taller structures.

• Plywood boards are commonly used in construction for formwork and temporary support structures.

• The size of plywood board used in centring is determined by the size and weight of the concrete structure being...read more

I have experience with fabrication, shearing, and bending processes in various projects.

• I have worked on projects involving metal fabrication for structural components.

• I am familiar with the shearing process to cut metal sheets into desired sizes.

• I have experience with bending processes to shape metal sheets into specific angles.

• I have used tools such as shears, press brakes, and rollers for fabrication work.

Bourdon tube is a mechanical device used to measure pressure in various applications.

• It is a type of pressure gauge that consists of a curved tube that expands or contracts based on the pressure applied to it.

• The tube is connected to a pointer that moves along a calibrated scale to indicate the pressure.

• Bourdon tubes are commonly used in industrial applications such as oil and gas, chemical processing, and HVAC systems.

• They are also used in medical equipment such as blood pre...read more

There are various types of surveys, including demographic surveys, market research surveys, and customer satisfaction surveys.

• Demographic surveys collect information about the characteristics of a population, such as age, gender, and income.

• Market research surveys gather data about consumer preferences, buying habits, and market trends.

• Customer satisfaction surveys measure the satisfaction levels of customers with a product or service.

• Other types of surveys include employee s...read more

Birla produces a wide range of products including cement, chemicals, textiles, and more.

• Cement

• Chemicals

• Textiles

• Pulp and paper

• Metals

• Fertilizers

• Insulators

• Financial services

The shunt motor will run at dangerously high speeds and may get damaged.

• The motor will run at its no-load speed, which is much higher than its rated speed.

• This can lead to overheating and mechanical stress on the motor components.

• The motor may get damaged or fail prematurely if directly connected to the supply line.

3 square meter refers to an area of 3 meters by 1 meter, while 3 meter square refers to a square with sides of 3 meters.

• 3 square meter is a measurement of area, while 3 meter square is a measurement of length

• 3 square meter is equivalent to an area of 3 meters by 1 meter

• 3 meter square refers to a square with sides of 3 meters

To improve the quality of FRP panels, focus on material selection, manufacturing processes, quality control measures, and continuous improvement.

• Select high-quality raw materials to ensure durability and strength of FRP panels.

• Implement strict manufacturing processes to maintain consistency and reduce defects.

• Establish quality control measures at each stage of production to identify and address issues promptly.

• Invest in training and development of staff to enhance skills and ...read more

There are different types of tiles used in toilets and living areas.

• Ceramic tiles are commonly used in both toilets and living areas.

• Porcelain tiles are also popular for their durability and water resistance.

• In toilets, anti-slip tiles are often used to prevent accidents.

• Living areas may have a variety of tiles like marble, granite, or vinyl.

• Tiles with different finishes like matte, glossy, or textured can be chosen based on personal preference.

There are several types of bricks used in construction, including clay bricks, concrete bricks, and fire bricks.

• Clay bricks are the most common type of brick used in construction.

• Concrete bricks are made from cement, sand, and water and are used for their strength and durability.

• Fire bricks are designed to withstand high temperatures and are used in fireplaces, ovens, and kilns.

• Other types of bricks include sand-lime bricks, fly ash bricks, and engineering bricks.

• The type of ...read more

Process isolation is required in equipment maintenance jobs to ensure safety and prevent damage.

• Process isolation involves disconnecting the equipment from its power source and locking out any potential sources of energy.

• This is done to prevent accidental start-up or release of stored energy during maintenance.

• Examples of process isolation methods include lockout/tagout procedures, electrical isolation, and mechanical isolation.

• Process isolation is a critical safety measure t...read more

Safety equipment mandatory on floors include fire extinguishers, first aid kits, and safety signs.

• Fire extinguishers should be easily accessible and regularly inspected.

• First aid kits should be fully stocked and located in visible areas.

• Safety signs should be placed in appropriate locations to warn of potential hazards.

Tree structures are hierarchical data structures that organize information in a parent-child relationship, contributing to efficient design.

• Tree structures allow for efficient searching, insertion, and deletion operations.

• They provide a clear visual representation of relationships between data elements.

• Tree structures are commonly used in computer science for organizing file systems, representing hierarchical data, and implementing data structures like binary search trees.

• The...read more

Designing surfaces A, B, and C in a separate structure allows for better organization, maintenance, and scalability.

• Separate structures help in modularizing the design for easier maintenance and updates.

• It allows for better organization of code and resources related to surfaces A, B, and C.

• Scalability is improved as each surface can be independently managed and expanded.

• Reduces the risk of conflicts and dependencies between different surfaces.

• Enhances code reusability and pro...read more

Questions related to generators, power transmission, and thermocouples.

• Types of generators include diesel, gas, wind, and hydroelectric.

• India's generation capacity is around 370 GW.

• Maximum power transmission in India is around 1,050 GW.

• Transmission of maximum power is important to ensure efficient and reliable power supply.

• A thermocouple is a device used to measure temperature and is commonly used in industrial applications.

The diameter of binding wire used in construction varies depending on the type of construction work.

• The diameter of binding wire used in construction ranges from 0.9 mm to 1.6 mm.

• Thicker binding wire is used for heavy-duty construction work.

• Thinner binding wire is used for lighter construction work.

• The most commonly used binding wire diameter in construction is 1.2 mm.

• The diameter of binding wire is important as it affects the strength and durability of the construction.

Force is a push or pull on an object. It is measured in Newtons (N). Mass is the amount of matter in an object.

• Force is a vector quantity, meaning it has both magnitude and direction.

• Mass is a scalar quantity, meaning it only has magnitude.

• Hydraulics is the use of fluids to transmit power and pneumatics is the use of gases.

• Reducing technical losses through OEE can be achieved by improving equipment reliability, reducing downtime, and optimizing production processes.

The least count of a vernier caliper is the smallest measurement that can be read on the scale.

• The least count is determined by the number of divisions on the main scale and the vernier scale.

• It is calculated by dividing the smallest division on the main scale by the number of divisions on the vernier scale.

• For example, if the smallest division on the main scale is 0.1 mm and the vernier scale has 10 divisions, the least count would be 0.01 mm.

• The least count allows for more ...read more

Binding wire gauge used in construction depends on the type of construction work and the size of the reinforcement bars.

• Binding wire is used to tie the reinforcement bars together in construction.

• The gauge of the binding wire used depends on the size of the reinforcement bars and the type of construction work.

• For example, for heavy-duty construction work, thicker gauge binding wire is used.

• The most commonly used gauges for binding wire in construction are 16, 18, and 20.

• Thick...read more

No, IS Code 2185 Part 3 is not used for AAC block code of practices.

• IS Code 2185 Part 3 is related to the specification for concrete masonry units.

• AAC block code of practices is covered under IS Code 2185 Part 1.

• Part 3 of IS Code 2185 focuses on the specification for calcium silicate bricks.

The design process for a beam element involves several steps.

• Determine the load and support conditions

• Calculate the reactions at the supports

• Analyze the internal forces and moments

• Select an appropriate beam section

• Check the beam for strength and deflection

• Consider any additional design requirements

• Iterate and refine the design as necessary

The crack width limit for designing a diaphragm wall depends on various factors.

• The crack width limit is typically determined based on the structural requirements and the type of materials used in the diaphragm wall construction.

• In general, a crack width limit of 0.2 mm to 0.3 mm is commonly used for diaphragm walls.

• The crack width limit ensures the structural integrity of the wall and prevents excessive water leakage.

• Factors such as the type of soil, groundwater conditions, ...read more

Transformer maintenance involves regular inspections, testing, and repairs to ensure efficient operation. High voltage line maintenance includes vegetation management, insulator cleaning, and periodic inspections.

• Transformer maintenance involves regular inspections to check for signs of overheating, oil leaks, and loose connections.

• Testing of transformers includes insulation resistance testing, turns ratio testing, and power factor testing.

• Repairs may involve replacing faulty...read more

Electrical engineers should take safety precautions to prevent electrical hazards.

• Always use personal protective equipment (PPE) such as insulated gloves, safety glasses, and non-conductive footwear.

• Ensure proper grounding and insulation of electrical equipment to prevent electric shocks.

• Follow lockout/tagout procedures when working on electrical systems to prevent accidental energization.

• Regularly inspect and maintain electrical equipment to prevent malfunctions and potentia...read more

The operating procedure of a thermax boiler involves starting up the boiler, monitoring parameters, maintaining proper water levels, and shutting down the boiler safely.

• Start up the boiler by ensuring all valves are open and ignition is successful.

• Monitor parameters such as pressure, temperature, and water levels regularly.

• Maintain proper water levels by adding water when necessary and ensuring steam is not contaminated.

• Shut down the boiler safely by closing all valves, drain...read more

IRC Code of Road studs specifies the standards for installation and maintenance of road studs on highways.

• IRC: Indian Roads Congress

• Code provides guidelines for color, size, spacing, and placement of road studs

• Helps improve visibility and safety for drivers, especially at night

• Examples: White studs on the center line, red studs on the edge of the road

To find sand and cement quantity for 1sqm of wall plastering area, certain calculations need to be done.

• Determine the thickness of the plastering required

• Calculate the volume of plastering required

• Determine the ratio of sand and cement to be used

• Calculate the quantity of sand and cement required based on the ratio

• Add water to the mixture and mix thoroughly to get the plastering material

The automobile industry involves the design, development, production, and sale of vehicles.

• The industry includes various types of vehicles such as cars, trucks, buses, and motorcycles.

• It is a highly competitive industry with major players like Toyota, Ford, and General Motors.

• The industry is constantly evolving with advancements in technology, such as electric and autonomous vehicles.

• The industry also has a significant impact on the economy and job market.

• Some challenges face...read more

There are two types of footings: deep and shallow.

• Deep footings are used for heavy structures and are dug deep into the ground.

• Shallow footings are used for lighter structures and are not dug as deep.

• Examples of deep footings include pile, pier, and caisson footings.

• Examples of shallow footings include spread, combined, and mat footings.