IT Hardware and Networking Engineer

IT Hardware and Networking Engineer Interview Questions and Answers

Updated 29 Mar 2025

Q1. What is a token passing scream

Ans.

Token passing is a network protocol for managing access to a shared communication medium.

In token passing, a 'token' circulates in the network, granting permission to transmit data.
Only the device holding the token can send data, preventing collisions.
Examples include Token Ring and Fiber Distributed Data Interface (FDDI) networks.
If a device does not need to send data, it passes the token to the next device.

Ans.

Networking refers to the practice of connecting devices together to share resources and communicate with each other.

Networking involves the use of protocols such as TCP/IP, DNS, and DHCP.
Network topologies include star, bus, and mesh.
Networking devices include routers, switches, and firewalls.
Networking can be wired or wireless, with examples including Ethernet and Wi-Fi.
Networking security measures include encryption, firewalls, and VPNs.

Ans.

UEFI is a modern firmware interface for booting operating systems, while legacy BIOS is an older firmware interface.

UEFI stands for Unified Extensible Firmware Interface
UEFI is a more advanced and modern replacement for legacy BIOS
UEFI supports larger hard drives, faster boot times, and more security features compared to legacy BIOS
Legacy BIOS stands for Basic Input/Output System
Legacy BIOS has limitations such as 2TB hard drive size limit and slower boot times

Ans.

A network is a collection of devices; networking is the process of connecting and managing those devices.

A network refers to the actual infrastructure, like routers and switches.
Networking involves the protocols and processes that allow devices to communicate.
Example of a network: A local area network (LAN) in an office.
Example of networking: Configuring IP addresses and managing data flow.

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Ans.

The OSI model is a conceptual framework used to understand network communication in seven layers.

Layer 1: Physical - Deals with the physical connection (e.g., cables, switches).
Layer 2: Data Link - Manages node-to-node data transfer (e.g., Ethernet).
Layer 3: Network - Handles routing of data (e.g., IP addresses).
Layer 4: Transport - Ensures complete data transfer (e.g., TCP, UDP).
Layer 5: Session - Manages sessions between applications (e.g., APIs).
Layer 6: Presentation - Tra...read more

Ans.

GPT and MBR are partitioning schemes used in computer storage devices to define the structure of the partition table.

GPT stands for GUID Partition Table and is a newer partitioning scheme that allows for more partitions and larger disk sizes.
MBR stands for Master Boot Record and is an older partitioning scheme limited to 2TB disk sizes and 4 primary partitions.
GPT provides more flexibility and reliability compared to MBR.
GPT is commonly used in modern computers and UEFI syste...read more

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