20+ Cloud Operations Engineer Interview Questions and Answers

To give access to users via az portal, follow these steps:

• Log in to the Azure portal

• Navigate to the resource you want to give access to

• Click on the 'Access control (IAM)' tab

• Click on the 'Add' button

• Select the role you want to assign to the user

• Enter the user's email address or select from the list of existing users

• Click on the 'Save' button

Management group is a logical container for resources while tenant is an organization or individual who owns and manages resources.

• Management group is used to organize resources and apply policies across multiple subscriptions.

• Tenant is the highest level of organization in Azure and represents an individual or organization that owns and manages resources.

• A tenant can have multiple subscriptions and management groups.

• Management groups can be nested within each other to create ...read more

To connect to a storage account, you need to use the appropriate connection string.

• Obtain the connection string from the Azure portal or programmatically

• Use the connection string in your code to connect to the storage account

• Examples of connection strings: Blob storage - DefaultEndpointsProtocol=https;AccountName=myaccount;AccountKey=mykey;EndpointSuffix=core.windows.net, File storage - DefaultEndpointsProtocol=https;AccountName=myaccount;AccountKey=mykey;EndpointSuffix=file....read more

Types of network peering include private, public, and global.

• Private peering involves connecting two networks directly, without going through a third-party network.

• Public peering involves connecting to a public internet exchange point (IXP) where multiple networks can exchange traffic.

• Global peering involves connecting to a global IXP, which allows for peering with networks around the world.

• Other types of peering include remote peering, where networks connect remotely through...read more

SAS keys are used for accessing specific resources while access keys are used for accessing all resources in a storage account.

• SAS keys provide time-limited access to specific resources in a storage account

• Access keys provide full access to all resources in a storage account

• SAS keys are more secure as they limit access to specific resources and have an expiration time

• Access keys should be used only for initial setup and not shared with others

• Examples of resources that can be ...read more

Private endpoint is used to access resources within a VNet, while service endpoint is used to access Azure services over a private link.

• Private endpoint is a network interface that connects to a specific resource within a VNet

• Service endpoint is a secure and direct connection to an Azure service over a private link

• Private endpoint provides secure access to resources without exposing them to the public internet

• Service endpoint reduces data exposure to the public internet and i...read more

The maximum number of EBS volumes that can be attached to a single EC2 instance is 40.

• Maximum of 40 EBS volumes can be attached to a single EC2 instance

• Each EBS volume can be up to 16 TiB in size

• EBS volumes can be attached and detached while the instance is running

Troubleshooting Kubernetes issues involves identifying the root cause, checking logs, examining configurations, and using monitoring tools.

• Identify the specific issue by checking logs and error messages.

• Examine the Kubernetes configurations to ensure they are set up correctly.

• Use monitoring tools like Prometheus or Grafana to track performance metrics.

• Check the status of pods, nodes, and deployments to pinpoint any issues.

• Utilize kubectl commands to gather information and int...read more

To create an EC2 instance using Terraform, you need to define the instance configuration in a Terraform file and then apply the configuration using Terraform commands.

• Define the EC2 instance configuration in a Terraform file using the 'aws_instance' resource type

• Specify the instance type, AMI ID, key pair, security group, and other necessary parameters in the configuration

• Run 'terraform init' to initialize the Terraform environment

• Run 'terraform plan' to preview the changes t...read more

NSG stands for Network Security Group and ASG stands for Application Security Group.

• NSG is a firewall that filters network traffic to and from Azure resources.

• ASG is a logical container for grouping Azure VMs to apply network security policies.

• NSG can be associated with subnets, VMs, or network interfaces.

• ASG can be associated with NSGs to enforce security policies on a group of VMs.

• NSG rules can allow or deny traffic based on source/destination IP, port, and protocol.

• ASG rul...read more

A service principal is an identity created for an application to access resources in a specific tenant.

• Service principal is used to authenticate an application to access resources in Azure Active Directory.

• It is created for a specific tenant and can be assigned roles and permissions.

• Service principal can be used to access Azure resources like virtual machines, storage accounts, etc.

• It is commonly used in automation scenarios like CI/CD pipelines and Azure DevOps.

• Examples of a...read more

Virtual network is a software-defined network that allows multiple virtual machines to communicate with each other as if they were on the same physical network.

• Virtual network is created using software and can span across multiple physical networks.

• It provides isolation and security for the virtual machines within the network.

• Virtual network allows for efficient communication and data transfer between virtual machines.

• Examples include Azure Virtual Network, AWS Virtual Privat...read more

Java regex is a sequence of characters that defines a search pattern for matching strings in Java.

• Java regex is used for pattern matching and string manipulation in Java.

• It allows you to search, replace, and validate strings based on specific patterns.

• Regex patterns are defined using a combination of characters and special symbols.

• Some common regex methods in Java include matches(), find(), replaceAll(), etc.

• For example, to check if a string contains only digits, you can use ...read more

Prerequisites for S3 Cross Region Replication include enabling versioning, configuring IAM roles, and ensuring proper bucket policies.

• Enable versioning on both source and destination buckets

• Configure IAM roles with proper permissions for replication

• Ensure proper bucket policies are in place for cross region replication

Bash script to create a pyramid pattern

• Use nested loops to print spaces and stars in a pyramid shape

• Incrementally increase the number of stars in each row

• Calculate the number of spaces needed for each row based on the total number of rows and current row number

S3 is ideal for storing static files like images and videos, while EFS is better for shared file storage among multiple EC2 instances.

• S3 is object storage, suitable for storing large amounts of unstructured data like images, videos, backups, and logs.

• EFS is a file storage service that can be mounted on multiple EC2 instances, making it ideal for shared file systems and databases.

• Use S3 for static website hosting, data archiving, and data lakes.

• Use EFS for content management s...read more

Terraform init initializes a working directory, plan creates an execution plan, and apply executes the plan.

• terraform init is used to initialize a working directory containing Terraform configuration files

• terraform plan is used to create an execution plan showing what Terraform will do when you run apply

• terraform apply is used to apply the changes required to reach the desired state of the configuration

There are 4 types of blobs in Azure Blob Storage: block blobs, append blobs, page blobs, and managed disks.

• Block blobs are used for storing large amounts of unstructured data.

• Append blobs are used for appending data to an existing blob.

• Page blobs are used for storing random access files and virtual hard disks.

• Managed disks are used for storing virtual machine disks in Azure.

• Examples: storing images, videos, backups, and virtual machine disks.

Analysing coding and approach is crucial for efficient cloud operations.

• Review code for efficiency and scalability

• Identify potential bottlenecks and optimize code

• Ensure adherence to best practices and standards

• Collaborate with developers to improve code quality

• Implement automation and monitoring tools for continuous improvement