40+ B Tech Civil Engineer Interview Questions and Answers

Earthquake design of a multi storey building involves analyzing seismic forces, selecting appropriate structural systems, and implementing design measures to ensure safety.

• Analyze seismic forces based on the building location and seismic zone

• Select appropriate structural systems such as reinforced concrete or steel frames

• Implement design measures like base isolation, dampers, and shear walls to enhance building's seismic performance

The mix ratio of concrete determines its strength. Concrete achieves its strength over a period of time.

• The mix ratio of concrete refers to the proportion of cement, sand, and aggregate used in the mixture.

• The strength of concrete is measured in terms of its compressive strength, which is the maximum load it can bear without failure.

• The number of days required for concrete to achieve its strength depends on various factors such as the type of cement used, curing conditions, a...read more

Structure elements FW material and type, rate of pour, and FW carrying load capacity.

• FW material and type include flex system, tabla, ct shoring system, and cuplock system.

• Rate of pour for core wall is 600mm/hr, column is 3m/hr, and raft is 800mm/hr.

• FW carrying load capacity for prop at flex is 30kn and tabla is 40kn.

Total Float and Free Float are two important concepts in project management that help in scheduling and resource allocation.

• Total Float is the amount of time a task can be delayed without affecting the project deadline.

• Free Float is the amount of time a task can be delayed without affecting the start time of the next task.

• Total Float = Late Finish - Early Finish or Late Start - Early Start

• Free Float = Early Start of Next Task - Late Finish of Current Task

• Both Total Float and ...read more

The first row of a billing typically contains the name and address of the client or customer.

• Name and address of the client

• Date of the billing

• Invoice number

• Description of the work done

• Quantity of work done

• Rate per unit

• Total amount

Bending moment diagram of a 1-bay, 1-storey portal frame with point load at column middle.

• Calculate reactions at supports

• Determine internal forces at critical points

• Plot bending moment diagram using equations or software

• Identify maximum bending moment and its location

Dynamic method considers time history of earthquake while equivalent static method simplifies earthquake forces into equivalent static forces.

• Dynamic method analyzes building response to actual time history of earthquake ground motion.

• Equivalent static method simplifies earthquake forces into equivalent static forces based on simplified assumptions.

• Dynamic method is more accurate but computationally intensive, while equivalent static method is simpler and quicker to use.

• Dynam...read more

I am most familiar with programming languages such as C++, Java, and Python.

• C++

• Java

• Python

Design process of one-way and two-way slabs and their differences

• One-way slab design involves calculating bending moments and shear forces along one direction, typically supported on two opposite sides. Two-way slab design considers bending moments and shear forces in both directions, usually supported on all four sides.

• One-way slab design is simpler and more common in practice, while two-way slab design is more complex and requires additional considerations such as torsion a...read more

Structural Engineering is my favorite subject within Civil Engineering.

• I enjoy designing and analyzing structures to ensure their safety and stability.

• I find the process of calculating loads, stresses, and strains fascinating.

• I appreciate the creativity involved in coming up with innovative structural solutions.

• Examples: designing a bridge to withstand heavy traffic loads, analyzing a skyscraper's foundation for stability.

Rate of a quantity can be found from various sources.

• Check government websites for official rates

• Consult with industry experts

• Research market trends and prices

• Refer to pricing indexes and databases

A contractor's bill can be approved by verifying the work done and comparing it with the contract terms and conditions.

• Verify the work done by the contractor

• Compare the work done with the contract terms and conditions

• Check for any discrepancies or errors in the bill

• Ensure that all necessary documents and approvals are in place

• Approve the bill only after thorough verification

Array command in AutoCAD is used to create multiple copies of objects in a pattern.

• Select the object to be copied

• Specify the base point for the array

• Specify the distance and direction of the array

• Specify the number of rows and columns in the array

• Choose between rectangular and polar array

• Press enter to complete the array

IS 10262 is required for mix design in civil engineering.

• IS 10262 is the code for concrete mix design in India.

• It provides guidelines for proportioning of concrete ingredients based on strength and durability requirements.

• The code covers various aspects such as water-cement ratio, workability, and compressive strength.

• Mix design is crucial for ensuring the desired properties and performance of concrete.

• Following the code helps in achieving the desired strength and durability ...read more

Critical Path is the longest sequence of activities in a project that must be completed on time to ensure the project is completed on schedule.

• Critical Path determines the minimum time required to complete a project.

• It helps in identifying the activities that are critical to the project's success.

• Any delay in the critical path activities will delay the project's completion.

• It involves identifying all the activities, their dependencies, and their duration.

• Examples of critical ...read more

Building construction process involves several stages from footing to finishing.

• Excavation and laying of foundation footings

• Construction of foundation walls and columns

• Erection of structural framework

• Installation of plumbing, electrical and HVAC systems

• Installation of insulation and drywall

• Finishing work such as painting, flooring and fixtures

• Final inspection and occupancy permit

Ring size depends on the load and span of the beam.

• Ring size should be calculated based on the load and span of the beam.

• The type of ring and its spacing should also be considered.

• Consulting a structural engineer is recommended for accurate calculations.

M stands for mix design in M-20 concrete, indicating the compressive strength of the concrete mix.

• M-20 concrete is a mix design where 'M' represents the compressive strength of the concrete after 28 days of curing.

• The number '20' in M-20 concrete indicates the characteristic compressive strength of concrete in N/mm^2.

• Different grades of concrete have different compressive strength requirements, with M-20 being a common grade for general construction purposes.

Bar bending schedule is a document detailing the reinforcement requirements for a concrete structure.

• Bar bending schedule is prepared based on structural drawings and specifications.

• It includes details such as bar mark, bar size, quantity, cutting length, bending shape, and placement in the structure.

• Calculating cutting length involves determining the total length of reinforcement required for a specific element.

• This is crucial for ensuring the correct amount of reinforcement...read more

Yes, code of concrete is a reconciliation material.

• Code of concrete provides guidelines for the design, construction, and testing of concrete structures.

• It helps in ensuring the safety, durability, and sustainability of concrete structures.

• Code of concrete also includes provisions for quality control and quality assurance of concrete materials and construction practices.

• Examples of code of concrete include ACI 318, Eurocode 2, and BS 8110.

Quicklime is used for white washing.

• Quicklime, also known as calcium oxide, is used for white washing.

• It is a white, caustic, alkaline substance that is produced by heating limestone in a kiln.

• When water is added to quicklime, it undergoes a chemical reaction to form calcium hydroxide, which is used in white washing.

Embankment is a raised bank or wall built to carry a road or to hold back water.

• Embankment is a raised structure made of earth or other materials to support a road or railway.

• Earthwork process involves moving, processing, and placing soil or rock to create embankments, excavations, or other earth structures.

• Embankments are commonly used in road construction to elevate the road above the surrounding terrain.

• Earthwork process includes cutting, filling, compaction, and grading o...read more

Kerb painting and road marking are techniques used to designate specific areas on roads for various purposes.

• Kerb painting involves painting the edges of the road, usually in a specific color, to indicate parking restrictions, loading zones, or pedestrian crossings.

• Road marking includes painting lines, symbols, and signs on the road surface to guide traffic, indicate lanes, show pedestrian crossings, and warn of hazards.

• Reflective materials are often used in road marking to i...read more

No, critical path cannot deviate.

• Critical path is the longest path in a project network diagram.

• It determines the shortest possible duration of the project.

• Any deviation from the critical path will result in a delay in the project completion.

• Therefore, the critical path cannot deviate.

There are different types of cement used in construction based on their properties and applications.

• Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) is the most commonly used cement.

• Portland Pozzolana Cement (PPC) is used for mass concrete works.

• Rapid Hardening Cement (RHC) is used for precast concrete and road works.

• White Cement is used for decorative works.

• Low Heat Cement is used for massive concrete structures.

• Sulfate Resistant Cement is used in marine and soil conditions.

• Oil Well Cement is...read more

A circular column is a structural element that is cylindrical in shape and is used to support the weight of a building or structure.

• Circular columns are commonly used in modern architecture.

• They are often made of reinforced concrete or steel.

• Circular columns can be used in both interior and exterior applications.

• They are often used in high-rise buildings to provide structural support.

• Circular columns can also be used for decorative purposes, such as in the design of pillars o...read more

Grade of concrete and IS code of steel are important aspects of civil engineering.

• Grade of concrete refers to the strength of the concrete mix and is denoted by a number such as M20, M30, etc.

• IS code of steel refers to the Indian Standard code for steel used in construction, which is IS 2062.

• The grade of concrete and IS code of steel are important factors to consider when designing and constructing buildings and infrastructure.

• The grade of concrete and IS code of steel are sp...read more

The question is unclear and lacks context.

• The question needs more information to provide a proper answer.

• It is unclear what is meant by 'ring size'.

• Additional details about the project or application are necessary.

The number of nos in a circular column depends on the diameter and height of the column.

• The number of nos refers to the number of steel bars used in the column.

• The diameter and height of the column determine the spacing and number of steel bars required.

• The number of nos can be calculated using the formula: (π x D²/4) x H / spacing

• The spacing between the steel bars is usually 150mm to 200mm.

• The number of nos can vary depending on the design and load requirements of the column...read more

Foundation is the lowest part of a building that transfers the load of the structure to the ground.

• It is the base on which the entire building stands.

• It distributes the weight of the building evenly to the ground.

• It provides stability and prevents settling or sinking of the building.

• Types of foundation include shallow foundation, deep foundation, and pile foundation.

• Examples of foundation materials include concrete, stone, and brick.

Kerb laying is the process of installing and positioning curbs along the edges of roads or pavements.

• Kerb laying involves setting out the alignment and levels for the curbs.

• The curbs are then placed and fixed in position using concrete or other suitable materials.

• Kerb laying helps define the edges of roads, provide structural support, and prevent vehicles from driving off the road.

• Properly laid curbs enhance the overall aesthetics and functionality of the road or pavement.

• Exa...read more

PQC laying stands for Pavement Quality Concrete laying, which is the final layer of concrete pavement on roads.

• PQC laying is the process of laying the final layer of concrete pavement on roads.

• It is done after the base and sub-base layers have been prepared and compacted.

• PQC laying ensures a smooth and durable surface for vehicles to travel on.

• Proper curing of PQC is essential to prevent cracks and ensure longevity.

• Examples of PQC laying can be seen on highways and city roads...read more

RCC drain is a reinforced concrete drain used for efficient drainage of rainwater or wastewater.

• RCC drain is made of reinforced concrete to provide strength and durability.

• It is used to efficiently channel rainwater or wastewater away from roads, buildings, or other structures.

• RCC drains come in various shapes and sizes depending on the specific drainage requirements.

• These drains are commonly used in urban areas to prevent waterlogging and flooding.

• Regular maintenance is requ...read more

Grades are of two types - Absolute and Relative.

• Absolute grades are based on a fixed standard or criteria.

• Relative grades are based on the performance of the group.

• Examples of absolute grades are A, B, C, D, and F.

• Examples of relative grades are percentile ranks and letter grades based on a curve.

• Grades are used to evaluate academic performance.

Cement is a binding material used in construction to hold together different materials.

• Cement is made by heating limestone and clay in a kiln at high temperatures.

• It is used to bind together different materials like bricks, stones, and concrete.

• There are different types of cement such as Portland cement, white cement, and rapid hardening cement.

• Cement is an essential component in the construction industry and is used in the construction of buildings, bridges, roads, and dams.

Lapping length is the length of overlap required for two reinforcement bars to transfer load effectively.

• Lapping length is typically 50 times the diameter of the bar being overlapped.

• It ensures the load is transferred smoothly between the two bars.

• For example, if the diameter of the reinforcement bar is 12mm, the lapping length would be 600mm.

Concrete is a composite material made up of cement, water, and aggregates.

• Concrete is used in construction for building foundations, walls, floors, and more.

• It is a durable and strong material that can withstand heavy loads and extreme weather conditions.

• The strength and durability of concrete can be improved by adding reinforcing materials such as steel bars.

• There are different types of concrete, such as ready-mix concrete, precast concrete, and high-strength concrete.

• Concre...read more

Unit weight of SHS40 is 49.5 kg/m

• SHS40 refers to Square Hollow Section with 40mm width and 2.3mm thickness

• Unit weight is calculated by multiplying cross-sectional area with density

• Density of mild steel is 7850 kg/m^3

Weight of cement bag is typically 50 kg.

• The weight of cement bag can vary depending on the country and manufacturer.

• In the US, cement bags typically weigh 94 pounds (42.6 kg).

• In India, cement bags typically weigh 50 kg.

• The weight of cement bags can also vary depending on the type of cement.

• For example, lightweight cement bags can weigh as little as 20 kg.