30+ Associate Quality Engineer Interview Questions and Answers

Sorting an array and finding first two large numbers, along with theory questions on manual testing, Java concepts, and frameworks.

• To sort an array, you can use built-in sorting functions like Arrays.sort() in Java.

• To find the first two large numbers in an array, you can iterate through the array and keep track of the two largest numbers.

• Theory questions on manual testing can include topics like test case design, test execution, and defect management.

• Java OOPs concepts may co...read more

Functional testing is a type of software testing where the system is tested against the functional requirements/specifications.

• Test scenarios for a web application could include testing user authentication functionality

• Testing search functionality to ensure accurate results are returned

• Testing form submissions to verify data is being saved correctly

• Testing navigation links to ensure they lead to the correct pages

When a product fails to meet acceptance criteria but is highly demanded, prioritizing quality and stakeholder communication is crucial.

• Assess Impact: Evaluate how the quality issues affect the product's functionality and user experience. For example, if a medical device has a minor software bug, it may still be usable but could pose risks.

• Communicate with Stakeholders: Inform stakeholders about the quality concerns and discuss potential risks. For instance, if a new drug has ...read more

Interface defines only method signatures while abstract class can have both method signatures and implementations.

• An interface can be implemented by multiple classes while a class can only inherit from one abstract class.

• An abstract class can have constructors while an interface cannot.

• An abstract class can have non-abstract methods while an interface can only have abstract methods.

• An abstract class can have instance variables while an interface cannot.

• Example of interface: R...read more

Miniature Circuit Breakers (MCBs) are generally easier to maintain due to their simple design and modularity.

• MCBs have a straightforward design, making them easy to inspect and replace.

• They can be reset easily after tripping, reducing downtime.

• Modular design allows for individual component replacement without affecting the entire system.

• Examples include Schneider Electric's Acti9 MCBs, known for their user-friendly maintenance features.

Patching is the process of updating or fixing software to address security vulnerabilities or bugs.

• Patching involves applying updates or fixes to software to improve functionality or security.

• Patch management is important to ensure systems are up to date and secure.

• Examples of patching include installing Windows updates or updating antivirus definitions.

To check the IP of a Windows machine, you can use the command prompt or the network and sharing center.

• Open Command Prompt and type 'ipconfig' to view the IP address of the machine.

• Alternatively, go to Control Panel > Network and Sharing Center > Change adapter settings > Right-click on the network connection > Status > Details to find the IP address.

• You can also use the 'ipconfig /all' command in Command Prompt to view more detailed network information.

To take xpath of a row, identify the unique identifier of the row and use it in the xpath expression.

• Identify the unique identifier of the row, such as an ID or class attribute

• Use the identifier in the xpath expression to locate the row

• Example: //table[@id='tableId']/tbody/tr[@class='rowClass']

OOPS Concepts are the fundamental principles of Object-Oriented Programming.

• Encapsulation - bundling of data and methods that operate on that data

• Inheritance - ability of a class to inherit properties and methods from a parent class

• Polymorphism - ability of objects to take on multiple forms or have multiple behaviors

• Abstraction - hiding of complex implementation details and showing only essential features

RCA stands for Root Cause Analysis, a systematic process used to identify the underlying cause of a problem or issue.

• RCA involves investigating and analyzing the factors that contributed to a particular incident or problem.

• It helps in identifying the root cause rather than just addressing the symptoms.

• Common techniques used in RCA include 5 Whys, Fishbone Diagram, Fault Tree Analysis, etc.

• The goal of RCA is to prevent the issue from recurring by addressing the root cause.

• Exam...read more

main() is the entry point of a C or C++ program where execution begins.

• main() is a predefined function in C and C++ programming languages.

• It is the starting point of execution for any C or C++ program.

• It can have arguments like argc and argv to accept command line arguments.

• The return type of main() function is int.

• Example: int main() { // code }

Testing is needed to ensure the quality and reliability of software products.

• Testing helps to identify defects and errors in software products.

• It ensures that the software meets the requirements and specifications.

• Testing helps to improve the user experience and satisfaction.

• It helps to reduce the risk of software failure and downtime.

• Testing is essential for maintaining the reputation and credibility of the company.

• Examples of testing include functional testing, performance ...read more

32-bit and 64-bit refer to the size of the data types that a processor can handle.

• 32-bit processors can handle data in 32-bit chunks, while 64-bit processors can handle data in 64-bit chunks.

• 64-bit processors can access more memory than 32-bit processors (up to 18.4 million TB compared to 4 GB).

• 64-bit processors can perform more calculations per second than 32-bit processors.

• 64-bit processors are more efficient for handling large datasets and complex calculations.

• Most modern ...read more

To print prime numbers between two given numbers, use a loop to check each number for primality.

• Use a loop to iterate through the range of numbers between the two given numbers

• For each number, check if it is a prime number by dividing it by all numbers less than itself

• If the number is only divisible by 1 and itself, it is a prime number and can be printed

Armstrong number is a number that is equal to the sum of its own digits raised to the power of the number of digits.

• Iterate through each digit of the number

• Calculate the power of each digit based on the total number of digits

• Sum up the powers of all digits

• Check if the sum is equal to the original number

Agile ceremonies are regular meetings held during a project to ensure collaboration, communication, and progress towards goals.

• Sprint planning: setting goals and tasks for the upcoming sprint

• Daily stand-up: brief meetings to discuss progress and any obstacles

• Sprint review: demonstration of completed work to stakeholders

• Sprint retrospective: reflection on the previous sprint and identifying areas for improvement

Automation testing offers faster feedback, increased test coverage, and improved accuracy.

• Automation testing saves time and effort by executing tests automatically.

• It allows for faster feedback on code changes and helps catch defects early in the development cycle.

• Automation testing can cover a larger number of test cases and scenarios than manual testing.

• It improves accuracy and reduces the risk of human error.

• Automation testing can be run 24/7, allowing for continuous testi...read more

Selenium Framework is an open-source automation tool used for testing web applications.

• It supports multiple programming languages like Java, Python, C#, etc.

• It consists of three main components: Selenium IDE, Selenium WebDriver, and Selenium Grid.

• It allows for cross-browser testing and supports various browsers like Chrome, Firefox, Safari, etc.

• It provides various features like element locating, handling pop-ups and alerts, taking screenshots, etc.

• It can be integrated with ot...read more

My automation framework is a hybrid framework combining data-driven and keyword-driven approaches for efficient test automation.

• Combines data-driven and keyword-driven approaches

• Utilizes reusable functions and libraries

• Supports parallel execution for faster testing

• Integrates with CI/CD pipelines for continuous testing

• Provides detailed reporting and logging for easy analysis

Switchgear is a collection of electrical devices used to control, protect, and isolate electrical equipment in power systems.

• Switchgear includes circuit breakers, fuses, and disconnect switches.

• It is used in substations, industrial plants, and commercial buildings.

• Examples include medium voltage switchgear for power distribution.

• Switchgear ensures safety by interrupting fault currents and isolating equipment.

Smoke testing checks basic functionality; regression testing ensures existing features work after changes.

• Smoke testing is a preliminary test to check the basic functionality of an application.

• Regression testing is performed to verify that recent changes haven't adversely affected existing features.

• Example of smoke testing: Verifying that the login page loads and allows user access.

• Example of regression testing: After a new feature is added, checking that the existing checkou...read more

Circuit breakers protect electrical circuits from overloads and faults, ensuring safety and reliability in electrical systems.

• 1. Miniature Circuit Breaker (MCB): Automatically switches off during overloads, commonly used in residential applications.

• 2. Molded Case Circuit Breaker (MCCB): Suitable for medium voltage applications, protects against overloads and short circuits.

• 3. Earth Leakage Circuit Breaker (ELCB): Detects earth faults and prevents electric shocks, essential fo...read more

A basic program to demonstrate a simple functionality, such as printing numbers from 1 to 10.

• Use a loop to iterate through numbers.

• Print each number to the console.

• Example: for (int i = 1; i <= 10; i++) { System.out.println(i); }

Types of testing include functional, non-functional, manual, automated, regression, and exploratory testing.

• Functional testing checks if the software meets the specified requirements.

• Non-functional testing checks the performance, usability, and security of the software.

• Manual testing is done by humans, while automated testing is done by software tools.

• Regression testing checks if changes to the software have introduced new bugs.

• Exploratory testing involves exploring the softw...read more

The 7 QC tools are essential techniques for quality control and improvement in various industries.

• 1. Check Sheets: Used for data collection, e.g., tracking defects in a manufacturing process.

• 2. Pareto Charts: Visualize the most common defects, e.g., identifying the top 5 causes of customer complaints.

• 3. Fishbone Diagrams: Identify root causes of problems, e.g., analyzing reasons for delays in product delivery.

• 4. Histograms: Display frequency distribution of data, e.g., measur...read more

The candidate is asked to explain a piece of code.

• Identify the purpose of the code

• Explain the logic and functionality of the code

• Discuss any specific algorithms or techniques used in the code

An exception in Java is a runtime error that disrupts the normal flow of a program.

• Exceptions are objects that are thrown when an error occurs during the execution of a program.

• They can be caught and handled using try-catch blocks.

• Common types of exceptions include NullPointerException, ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException, and IOException.