400+ Analyst Interview Questions and Answers for Freshers

To check if a number is prime or composite, take n input and perform the necessary checks.

• A prime number is only divisible by 1 and itself

• A composite number has more than 2 factors

• Check if n is divisible by any number between 2 and n-1

• If n is divisible by any number between 2 and n-1, it is composite

• If n is not divisible by any number between 2 and n-1, it is prime

The problem involves finding an element in a matrix that is sorted both row-wise and column-wise.

• Start from the top-right corner of the matrix

• Compare the target element with the current element

• If the target is smaller, move left; if larger, move down

• Repeat until the target is found or the matrix boundaries are crossed

To check if the sum of the digits of a number is palindrome or not

• Extract the digits of the number using modulo operator and add them

• Convert the sum to a string and check if it is a palindrome

• If it is a palindrome, then the sum of digits is also a palindrome

• Example: For number 12345, sum of digits = 15, which is not a palindrome

• Example: For number 12321, sum of digits = 9, which is a palindrome

There are two types of constructors in Java: Default and Parameterized.

• Default constructor is provided by the compiler if no constructor is defined.

• Parameterized constructor takes arguments and initializes the object's state.

• Example: public class Person { public Person() {} public Person(String name, int age) { this.name = name; this.age = age; } }

I would rate my programming skills as advanced.

• I have experience in multiple programming languages such as Java, Python, and C++.

• I have completed several complex projects that required advanced programming skills.

• I am constantly learning and improving my skills through online courses and personal projects.

• I am comfortable working with databases and have experience in data analysis and visualization.

Efficient ways to implement product and summation of n numbers with limitations.

• For summation, use a loop or built-in functions like sum() or reduce().

• For product, use a loop or built-in functions like prod() or reduce().

• Limitations include overflow errors for large numbers and memory constraints for very large arrays.

• Using parallel processing or vectorization can improve efficiency.

• Consider using data structures like binary trees or prefix sums for faster calculations.

CPU scheduling policies include FCFS, SJF, Round Robin, Priority, and Multilevel Queue. The operating system does the scheduling.

• FCFS (First Come First Serve)

• SJF (Shortest Job First)

• Round Robin

• Priority

• Multilevel Queue

• Operating system does scheduling

There are infinite ways to sort an infinite array with varying complexities.

• Sorting algorithms like QuickSort, MergeSort, HeapSort, etc. can be used to sort the array.

• The time complexity of sorting algorithms varies from O(n log n) to O(n^2).

• The space complexity also varies depending on the algorithm used.

• Sorting an infinite array is not practical, so it is usually done in chunks or using parallel processing.

• The sorting order can be ascending or descending based on the requir...read more

Snapdeal is a leading e-commerce company in India with a strong customer base and a wide range of products.

• Snapdeal has a large customer base in India, which provides a great opportunity for growth and impact.

• The company offers a wide range of products across various categories, catering to diverse customer needs.

• Snapdeal has a strong presence in the e-commerce market, competing with other major players.

• The company has a user-friendly platform and offers convenient payment op...read more

Fiscal Cliff is a term used to describe a combination of tax increases and spending cuts. Euro-Debt Crisis refers to the financial crisis faced by some European countries. Palestine war is a conflict between Israel and Palestine.

• Fiscal Cliff: Combination of tax increases and spending cuts in the US

• Euro-Debt Crisis: Financial crisis faced by some European countries like Greece, Spain, and Portugal

• Palestine war: Conflict between Israel and Palestine over land and political cont...read more

Options are financial contracts that give the buyer the right, but not the obligation, to buy or sell an underlying asset at a predetermined price.

• Options can be used for hedging or speculation

• There are two types of options: call options and put options

• Call options give the buyer the right to buy the underlying asset at a predetermined price, while put options give the buyer the right to sell the underlying asset at a predetermined price

• Options have expiration dates and strik...read more

Derivatives are financial contracts that derive their value from an underlying asset or security.

• Interest rate swaps involve exchanging fixed and floating interest rate payments between two parties.

• Forward contracts are agreements to buy or sell an asset at a predetermined price on a future date.

• Futures contracts are similar to forward contracts but are traded on exchanges and have standardized terms.

• Options give the holder the right, but not the obligation, to buy or sell an...read more

Leverage ratios measure a company's debt levels and its ability to meet financial obligations.

• Common leverage ratios include debt to equity ratio, debt ratio, and interest coverage ratio.

• Debt to equity ratio shows the proportion of debt and equity used to finance a company's assets.

• Debt ratio measures the percentage of a company's assets that are financed by debt.

• Interest coverage ratio indicates a company's ability to pay interest expenses on its outstanding debt.

• Leverage ra...read more

A stock is a share of ownership in a company, while a bond is a debt security issued by a company or government.

• Stocks represent ownership in a company and give shareholders voting rights and potential dividends.

• Bonds represent a loan to a company or government and pay interest to the bondholder.

• Stocks are generally considered riskier but offer higher potential returns, while bonds are considered safer but offer lower returns.

• Investors often use a combination of stocks and bo...read more

Estimating the number of viewers for the 2024 T20 World Cup.

• Consider past viewership trends for T20 World Cup events.

• Analyze the popularity of cricket in the host country and globally.

• Take into account the impact of digital streaming platforms on viewership.

• Factor in potential growth in viewership due to increased interest in T20 cricket.

• Consult experts in sports broadcasting and market research for insights.

Ultrasonic sensor emits high frequency sound waves and detects the reflected waves to measure distance.

• Ultrasonic sensor emits sound waves above the range of human hearing

• The sound waves travel through the air and bounce off an object

• The sensor then detects the reflected waves and calculates the distance based on the time taken

• Commonly used in robotics, automotive parking sensors, and distance measurement applications

Dividend is a distribution of a portion of a company's earnings to its shareholders, typically in the form of cash or additional shares.

• Dividends are recorded in the income statement as a deduction from the company's net income.

• They are also recorded in the statement of changes in equity.

• In the trial balance, dividends are typically recorded as a reduction in the retained earnings account.

• Dividends can be paid out in the form of cash or additional shares of stock.

• Companies ma...read more

Number of ways to jump n stairs if a person can climb 1 or 2 stairs.

• Use dynamic programming to solve the problem.

• The number of ways to jump n stairs is equal to the sum of ways to jump n-1 stairs and ways to jump n-2 stairs.

• Base cases: if n=0, return 1 and if n=1, return 1.

Estimating the costs of an Auto-Rickshaw driver.

• Consider fuel expenses for the auto-rickshaw.

• Include maintenance and repair costs.

• Factor in license and permit fees.

• Account for insurance premiums.

• Include daily wages for any helpers or assistants.

• Consider miscellaneous expenses like parking fees and tolls.

A perfect number is a positive integer that is equal to the sum of its proper divisors.

• Find all the divisors of the given number

• Add all the divisors except the number itself

• If the sum is equal to the given number, it is a perfect number

Searching an element in a sorted 2D matrix

• Start from the top-right corner or bottom-left corner

• Compare the target element with the current element

• Move left or down if the target is smaller or move right or up if the target is larger

By using efficient testing methods and techniques, we can differentiate without wasting the sample much.

• Utilize non-destructive testing methods

• Implement statistical analysis to minimize sample size

• Utilize advanced technology for accurate and precise measurements

• Optimize testing procedures to reduce sample consumption

DNA is the genetic material due to its ability to store, replicate, and transmit genetic information.

• DNA can store vast amounts of genetic information in its sequence of nucleotides.

• DNA can replicate itself accurately, ensuring the transmission of genetic information to offspring.

• DNA can transmit genetic information from one generation to the next through the process of inheritance.

Right issue and private placement are both methods of raising capital, but differ in terms of target investors and process.

• Right issue is a method of raising capital by offering existing shareholders the right to purchase additional shares at a discounted price.

• Private placement is a method of raising capital by offering shares or securities to a select group of private investors, such as institutional investors or high net worth individuals.

• Right issue is typically offered t...read more

Efficient algorithms for calculating Fibonacci's sequence

• Use dynamic programming to avoid redundant calculations

• Implement matrix exponentiation to reduce time complexity to O(log n)

• Use memoization to store previously calculated values

• Iterative approach using constant space complexity

• Binet's formula for direct calculation of nth Fibonacci number

There are approximately 50-60 traffic signals between Aurangabad and Pune.

• Consider the distance between Aurangabad and Pune is around 235 km.

• Assuming an average distance of 4 km between two signals, there would be around 58-59 signals.

• However, the number may vary based on the route taken and the traffic density.

• Also, the number of signals may have increased or decreased over time due to road development projects.

• Hence, the estimate may not be accurate and should be taken as a...read more

The eurozone crisis refers to the economic and financial difficulties faced by some countries in the European Union.

• The crisis began in 2009 with the Greek debt crisis and spread to other countries in the eurozone.

• It was caused by a combination of factors including high levels of debt, low economic growth, and structural problems within the eurozone.

• The crisis led to bailouts of several countries by the European Central Bank and the International Monetary Fund.

• Austerity measu...read more

The Libor Scam was a manipulation of the London Interbank Offered Rate (Libor) by banks to benefit their own trading positions.

• Libor is a benchmark interest rate used globally for financial products

• Banks were found to have manipulated the rate to benefit their own trading positions

• The scandal resulted in billions of dollars in fines for banks involved

• Several high-profile bankers were also convicted for their involvement

• The scandal led to reforms in the way Libor is calculated...read more

Market research involves gathering and analyzing information about a target market to make informed business decisions.

• Identify research objectives and target audience

• Choose research methods (surveys, focus groups, etc.)

• Collect and analyze data

• Draw conclusions and make recommendations

• Continuously monitor and update research

• Example: Conducting a survey to determine customer satisfaction with a product

• Example: Analyzing sales data to identify trends in a particular market

• Exampl...read more

Global financial markets are currently volatile due to various factors such as geopolitical tensions, trade wars, and economic uncertainties.

• Geopolitical tensions, such as the conflict between the US and Iran, have led to market fluctuations.

• Trade wars, particularly between the US and China, have created uncertainty and impacted investor confidence.

• Economic uncertainties, including Brexit and slowing global growth, have also contributed to market volatility.

Demonetization has pros and cons that impact various aspects of the economy and society.

• Pros: Curbing black money, reducing corruption, promoting digital transactions

• Cons: Initial economic disruption, inconvenience to the public, impact on informal sector

• Example of a pro: Demonetization helped uncover undisclosed income and led to an increase in tax compliance.

• Example of a con: Small businesses and daily wage workers faced difficulties due to cash shortages.

Internal audit compliance section is responsible for ensuring that the organization is following all the relevant laws and regulations.

• It is a department within an organization that ensures compliance with laws and regulations

• It conducts audits to identify areas of non-compliance and recommends corrective actions

• It also ensures that internal policies and procedures are being followed

• Examples include compliance with financial regulations, data protection laws, and workplace sa...read more

Tata Salt is the product used in every house.

• Tata Salt is a brand of salt produced by Tata Chemicals.

• It is the market leader in India with a 27% market share.

• Tata Salt has been fortified with iodine to help address iodine deficiency in India.

• It is available in various sizes and packaging options to suit different needs.

• Tata Salt has won several awards for its quality and innovation.

Answering questions related to finding iPhone users on campus and the difference between rank and dense rank.

• To find iPhone users on campus, one can conduct a survey or use location-based services to track devices connected to the campus Wi-Fi network.

• Rank and dense rank are used in SQL to assign a unique rank to each row in a result set based on a specified column. The difference is that dense rank does not leave gaps in the ranking sequence.

• For example, if there are three s...read more

Polymorphism is the ability of an object to take on many forms. It allows objects of different classes to be treated as if they were the same type.

• Polymorphism allows for code reusability and flexibility

• Examples include method overloading and overriding, interfaces, and inheritance

• A shape class can have multiple subclasses such as circle, square, and triangle, each with their own unique implementation of the draw method

Repairing Outlook involves troubleshooting common issues and running in safe mode for diagnosing problems.

• To repair Outlook, try restarting the application, repairing Office installation, or creating a new Outlook profile.

• To run Outlook in safe mode, use the command 'outlook.exe /safe' in the Run dialog box.

• Safe mode disables add-ins and extensions, helping to identify if they are causing issues.

• Common issues that can be resolved by repairing Outlook include freezing, crashin...read more

One learning from what?

• Please provide context or specify what 'it' refers to

• Without context, it is impossible to provide a meaningful answer

To reduce error in a model, I use techniques like cross-validation, regularization, and feature selection. I use matrices like confusion matrix and correlation matrix. Data is mapped using techniques like normalization and encoding.

• Reduce error in model by using techniques like cross-validation, regularization, and feature selection

• Use matrices like confusion matrix to evaluate classification models and correlation matrix to analyze relationships between variables

• Map data usi...read more

Automating innovation ideas can be achieved through idea management software, AI-powered idea generation, and crowdsourcing.

• Idea management software can streamline the process of collecting, evaluating, and implementing innovation ideas.

• AI-powered idea generation tools can analyze data and generate new ideas based on patterns and trends.

• Crowdsourcing can be used to gather ideas from a large group of people, such as employees or customers.

• Automation can also be applied to the ...read more

Single linked list operations involve adding and deleting nodes in a linear data structure.

• To add a node, create a new node and set its next pointer to the current head, then set the head to the new node.

• To delete a node, traverse the list until the node to be deleted is found, then set the previous node's next pointer to the node after the one being deleted.

• Be careful to handle edge cases such as adding to an empty list or deleting the head node.

EBITDA is a measure of a company's operating performance, while adjusted EBITDA excludes certain one-time expenses. Leverage ratios indicate a company's ability to meet its financial obligations.

• EBITDA stands for earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization

• Adjusted EBITDA is EBITDA adjusted for specific items such as restructuring costs or one-time expenses

• EBITDA is commonly used to evaluate a company's profitability and operating performance

• Adjusted EBITDA...read more

Listen to their concerns, empathize, offer solutions, and follow up.

• Listen actively to the customer's concerns without interrupting.

• Empathize with the customer by acknowledging their feelings and apologizing for any inconvenience.

• Offer solutions to address the customer's issues and ensure they are satisfied with the resolution.

• Follow up with the customer to ensure their satisfaction and build a positive relationship.

Estimating the number of street lamps in Kanpur is challenging without specific data.

• The number of street lamps in Kanpur can vary depending on factors like population density, road network, and urban development.

• One approach to estimate the number of street lamps is to consider the average number of lamps per kilometer of road.

• Another approach is to analyze the city's electricity consumption data to determine the approximate number of street lamps.

• Local government records or...read more

Asset management involves managing investments on behalf of clients, while investment banking involves advising clients on financial transactions.

• Asset management involves managing portfolios of stocks, bonds, and other assets for clients

• Investment banking involves advising clients on mergers and acquisitions, underwriting securities, and raising capital

• Asset managers earn fees based on the performance of the assets they manage, while investment bankers earn fees for their ad...read more

Options, futures, bonds, zero coupon bonds, Enfusion, swaps, equity, and corporate actions are all financial instruments and concepts commonly used in the investment industry.

• Options are financial derivatives that give the buyer the right, but not the obligation, to buy or sell an asset at a specific price within a specific time period.

• Futures are contracts that obligate the buyer to purchase an asset or the seller to sell an asset at a predetermined future date and price.

• Bon...read more

I don't have the available data.

• NO available data on IoT devices in college.

Data analysis is the process of inspecting, cleaning, transforming, and modeling data to discover useful information.

• It involves collecting and organizing data

• It includes statistical analysis and visualization

• It helps in making informed decisions

• Examples include market research, financial analysis, and scientific research