IBM Interview Questions and Answers

PH is a measure of acidity or basicity of a solution. It ranges from 1 to 14, with 7 being neutral.

• PH = - log into base H+ ion concentration

• Range of PH: 1 to 6.9 acidic, 6.9 to 7.1 neutral, 7.1 to 14 basic

• Acidic solutions have a higher concentration of H+ ions, while basic solutions have a higher concentration of OH- ions

• PH is important in many fields, including chemistry, biology, and environmental science

pH is a measure of the acidity or alkalinity of a solution. It ranges from 0 to 14, with 7 being neutral.

• pH stands for 'potential of hydrogen'

• It measures the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution

• A pH value below 7 indicates acidity, while above 7 indicates alkalinity

• Pure water has a pH of 7, which is considered neutral

• Examples of pH values: lemon juice (pH 2), baking soda (pH 9), stomach acid (pH 1)

Distillation is a process of separating components of a mixture based on their boiling points.

• It involves heating the mixture to vaporize the component with the lowest boiling point.

• The vapor is then condensed and collected as a separate liquid.

• Types of distillation include simple distillation, fractional distillation, and steam distillation.

• Simple distillation is used for separating liquids with large differences in boiling points.

• Fractional distillation is used for separati...read more

A catalyst is a substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed in the process.

• Catalysts lower the activation energy required for a reaction to occur.

• They provide an alternative reaction pathway with a lower energy barrier.

• Catalysts can be in the form of enzymes, metals, or other substances.

• They are not consumed or permanently changed during the reaction.

• Examples include platinum in catalytic converters and enzymes in biological reactions.

Utilities are services that provide essential facilities or resources for a community or organization.

• Electricity: Provides power for lighting, heating, and operating electrical appliances.

• Water: Supplies clean water for drinking, cooking, and sanitation purposes.

• Gas: Used for cooking, heating, and powering certain appliances.

• Telecommunications: Includes telephone, internet, and television services.

• Waste Management: Deals with the collection, disposal, and recycling of waste ...read more