Zscaler Softech Technical Lead Interview Questions and Answers

Q1. Questions were mostly around system design, you will be given a case like a stock system and specific use case is asked to design end to end from UI to backend.
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Q2. Some of the system debugging/performance improvement questions are asked from both UI and backend.
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Some general aptitude

Q1. General questions
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Q2. Behavioral question
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Q1. Implement minstack
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Q2. How load balancers work
Ans. 
Load balancers distribute incoming network traffic across multiple servers to ensure no single server is overwhelmed.
• Load balancers monitor the health of servers and distribute traffic based on predefined algorithms.

• They can be hardware-based or software-based.

• Common algorithms used by load balancers include round-robin, least connections, and IP hash.

• Load balancers can improve reliability and scalability of a website ...read more
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Q1. 2 sum problem to implement in O(n)
Ans. 
The Two Sum problem involves finding two numbers in an array that add up to a target value.
• Iterate through the array and store the difference between the target and current element in a hashmap.

• Check if the current element exists in the hashmap, if yes, return the indices of the current element and the stored difference.

• Time complexity of O(n) can be achieved by using a hashmap to store elements and their indices.
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Q2. About the projects i have done
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Q1. DSA question and algorithm
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Q2. Collection abstract and interface
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Q1. Basic HR question
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Q2. Salary discussions and project allotment
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Q1. Our project contains interview question related to JAVA.
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Q1. Transaction in Spring Boot
Ans. 
Transactions in Spring Boot help manage database operations as a single unit of work.
• Transactions ensure ACID properties (Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability) for database operations.

• Use @Transactional annotation to mark a method as transactional.

• Transactions can be managed programmatically using TransactionTemplate.

• Rollback can be triggered manually in case of exceptions.

• Spring Boot supports both declarative
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Q2. Java Array and problem solving
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Round duration - 60 minutes
Round difficulty - Medium

The interviewer was really cool. He realized that I mostly work on java applications so he chose to ask me stuff related to that. He didn't want me to know the answer well but just wanted me to approach to it, maybe think more. He went through my resume back and forth and asked mostly about all my projects and their logic and how could I take them to the next level.
Tips: Be confident. Its okay not to know any answer, just try giving it a shot in the approach.

Q1. What is the difference between an abstract class and an interface in Java?
Ans. 
Abstract class can have both abstract and non-abstract methods, while interface can only have abstract methods.
• Abstract class can have constructors, member variables, and methods with implementation.

• Interface can only have abstract methods and constants.

• A class can implement multiple interfaces but can only extend one abstract class.

• Example: Abstract class - Animal with abstract method 'eat', Interface - Flyable with m
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Q2. What is the difference between 'final', 'finally', and 'finalize' in Java?
Ans. 
final is a keyword used to declare constants, finally is a block used in exception handling, and finalize is a method used for cleanup.
• final is a keyword used to declare constants in Java, meaning the value cannot be changed once assigned. Example: final int x = 10;

• finally is a block used in exception handling to ensure a piece of code is always executed, whether an exception is thrown or not. Example: try { // code } ...read more
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Q3. What is the difference between the private and final access modifiers in Java?
Ans. 
Private restricts access to the class itself, while final prevents inheritance and method overriding.
• Private access modifier restricts access to the class itself, while final access modifier prevents inheritance and method overriding.

• Private members are only accessible within the same class, while final classes cannot be extended and final methods cannot be overridden.

• Example: private int num; - num can only be accesse...read more
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Q4. What are the steps for establishing a JDBC connection?
Ans. 
Establishing a JDBC connection involves loading the driver, creating a connection, creating a statement, executing queries, and handling exceptions.
• Load the JDBC driver using Class.forName() method

• Create a connection using DriverManager.getConnection() method

• Create a statement using connection.createStatement() method

• Execute queries using statement.executeQuery() method

• Handle exceptions using try-catch blocks
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Q5. What is JSON?
Ans. 
JSON is a lightweight data interchange format used to store and transmit data between a server and a web application.
• JSON stands for JavaScript Object Notation.

• It is easy for humans to read and write, and easy for machines to parse and generate.

• JSON is language-independent and can be used with any programming language.

• Example: {"name": "John", "age": 30}

• Example: [{"name": "Alice", "age": 25}, {"name": "Bob", "age": 35}
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Q6. What do you know about garbage collection in Java?
Ans. 
Garbage collection in Java is the process of automatically managing memory by deallocating objects that are no longer needed.
• Garbage collection helps in preventing memory leaks by reclaiming memory used by objects that are no longer referenced.

• Java uses a garbage collector to automatically manage memory, unlike languages like C++ where memory management is manual.

• Garbage collection in Java can be triggered by calling S...read more
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Round duration - 30 minutes
Round difficulty - Easy

I wouldn't say it went great but it was fine. I did not think I would clear it as for most of the questions the interviewer seemed disappointed and wanted more out of me.