100+ Interview Questions and Answers

The probability of any 2 ants colliding is 1/3.

• There are 3 possible pairs of ants that can collide.

• Each ant has 2 possible directions to move in.

• The total number of possible outcomes is 2^3 = 8.

• Out of the 8 possible outcomes, 3 result in collision.

• Therefore, the probability of collision is 3/8 or 1/3.

Yes, they should open the zoo.

• Opening a zoo in Mumbai can be a profitable business venture.

• Importing animals from South Africa can attract visitors and enhance the zoo's appeal.

• The zoo can contribute to conservation efforts by raising awareness about endangered species.

• Proper planning and adherence to legal and ethical guidelines are essential.

• Market research and feasibility studies should be conducted to ensure long-term success.

Divide 10 coins with 5 heads up into 2 piles with equal number of heads up while blindfolded.

• Divide the coins into two equal piles of 5 coins each.

• Ensure that each pile has the same number of heads up coins.

• Since you are blindfolded, you can't rely on visual cues, so use your sense of touch to determine which coins are heads up.

• You can also flip the coins over and feel for the heads to ensure equal distribution.

• Alternatively, you can ask someone else to divide the coins for y...read more

Probability of non-collision of ants on corners of equilateral triangle.

• The ants can move in two directions along each edge.

• The probability of collision is 1/3.

• The probability of non-collision is 2/3.

The market for the diabetic pill in India needs to be estimated for a pharmaceutical company.

• Consider the prevalence of diabetes in India

• Analyze the current market for diabetic medications

• Evaluate the potential demand for the pill based on pricing and effectiveness

• Assess the competition and market share of existing diabetic pills

• Consider the accessibility and affordability of the pill for the target population

Cut the cake in half, stack the halves, cut in half again, stack the quarters, cut in half again.

• Cut the cake in half horizontally

• Stack the two halves on top of each other

• Cut the cake in half vertically

• Stack the four quarters on top of each other

• Cut the cake in half horizontally again

• Stack the two halves on top of each other again

• Cut the cake in half vertically again

Window functions are used in SQL to perform calculations across a set of table rows related to the current row.

• Some common window functions include ROW_NUMBER, RANK, DENSE_RANK, and NTILE.

• They are used to calculate running totals, moving averages, and cumulative sums.

• Window functions require an OVER clause to define the window of rows that the function will operate on.

There are approximately 1,000 traffic lights in New Delhi.

• New Delhi is a large metropolitan city with heavy traffic, so there are likely many traffic lights.

• The number of traffic lights can vary based on the size of the city and the traffic flow.

• An estimate of around 1,000 traffic lights is reasonable for a city like New Delhi.

Managing conflicts in a team involves effective communication, active listening, finding common ground, and seeking a win-win solution.

• Encourage open communication to address the issue

• Listen to all parties involved to understand their perspectives

• Identify common goals and areas of agreement

• Work together to find a mutually beneficial solution

• Seek mediation or involve a neutral third party if necessary

To maintain knowledge transfer of project/jobs developed, ensure documentation, training, and continuous communication.

• Document all project/job details, processes, and procedures.

• Provide training sessions to transfer knowledge and skills.

• Encourage continuous communication and collaboration among team members.

• Establish a knowledge sharing platform or repository.

• Conduct regular knowledge transfer meetings or workshops.

• Assign mentors or experienced team members to guide and supp...read more

To find the 3rd highest score in each subject

• Sort the scores in each subject in descending order

• Get the 3rd element in the sorted array for each subject

• Repeat for each subject

To calculate the number of books sold, estimate the total population, percentage of people who read books, average number of books read per person, and frequency of book purchases.

• Estimate the total population in the target market

• Determine the percentage of people who read books

• Calculate the average number of books read per person

• Consider the frequency of book purchases per year

• Multiply these factors to estimate the number of books sold

The graph consists of multiple linear segments with different slopes.

• The graph of |x| is a V-shaped graph with a slope of -1 for x < 0 and a slope of 1 for x > 0.

• The graph of |x|+1 is the graph of |x| shifted upwards by 1 unit.

• The graph of x + |x| is a piecewise linear graph with a slope of 2 for x > 0 and a slope of 0 for x < 0.

BTP is a technology that uses biometric data to authenticate and verify identity.

• BTP stands for Biometric Technology Platform

• Examples include using fingerprints or facial recognition to unlock a phone or access a secure building

• BTP can also be used in healthcare to verify patient identity and access medical records

• BTP is becoming more common in banking and financial services for secure transactions

• BTP can improve security and reduce fraud by ensuring only authorized individua...read more

Use SELECT INTO statement to copy contents of a table in SQL.

• Use SELECT INTO statement to copy contents of a table into a new table.

• Specify the columns you want to copy in the SELECT statement.

• Ensure the new table has the same structure as the original table.

I would estimate there are around 20 urinals in the ZS office.

• Consider the size of the office building and the typical ratio of urinals to toilets in commercial spaces.

• Take into account the number of employees and visitors who would use the restroom facilities.

• If possible, try to gather information on the floor plan or layout of the office to make a more accurate estimate.

Implementing efficient check-in processes, increasing staff and resources, utilizing technology, and optimizing security procedures.

• Implement self-service check-in kiosks to reduce the number of passengers waiting in line for manual check-in.

• Increase the number of staff members at check-in counters to expedite the process.

• Utilize advanced technology such as biometric identification for faster and more secure passenger verification.

• Optimize security procedures to minimize the ...read more

There are 204 squares in a chess board.

• The chess board has 64 small squares (8x8 grid)

• In addition to the small squares, there are also larger squares formed by combining smaller squares (1x1, 2x2, 3x3, ... 8x8)

• The total number of squares on a chess board is the sum of all these small and large squares

The total power requirement of India is approximately 200,000 MW.

• India's power demand is growing at a rate of 5-6% annually

• As of 2021, India's installed power capacity is around 383 GW

• The majority of India's power generation comes from coal-fired power plants

• Renewable energy sources such as solar and wind are also being increasingly utilized

Turncoat refers to a traitor or someone who switches sides, while delete means to remove or erase something.

• Turncoat is a person who changes allegiance or loyalty, often seen as a traitor.

• Delete is a command used to remove or erase data or information.

• Example: A turncoat politician switches parties to gain personal benefits. Deleting a file from a computer removes it permanently.

Estimating the number of traffic lights in a city based on population, road density, and traffic flow.

• Consider the population of the city as a factor in determining the number of traffic lights.

• Road density and traffic flow patterns can also influence the placement of traffic lights.

• Consulting city planning documents or traffic engineering studies may provide more accurate data.

• Using satellite imagery or mapping tools to visually estimate the number of intersections with traf...read more

The overall plan for Informatica Installation and Upgrade involves several steps.

• Assess the current system and determine the appropriate version to upgrade to

• Ensure all prerequisites are met, including hardware and software requirements

• Back up all data and configurations before beginning the installation or upgrade process

• Install or upgrade the Informatica software

• Configure the system and test functionality

• Migrate data and configurations from the previous version if necessary...read more

The number of visits to the doctor may vary depending on the individual's health condition and medical needs.

• The number of visits to the doctor can range from a few times a year for routine check-ups to multiple visits per month for individuals with chronic illnesses.

• Factors such as age, overall health, and access to healthcare services can influence the frequency of doctor visits.

• Some examples of plausible visit frequencies include: once a year for a healthy individual, mont...read more

Fact and dimensions are components of a data warehouse. Facts are numerical data while dimensions are descriptive data.

• Facts are quantitative data that can be measured, such as sales revenue or number of customers.

• Dimensions are descriptive data that provide context for the facts, such as time, location, or product.

• Facts and dimensions are stored in a data warehouse, which is a large repository of data used for analysis and reporting.

• Facts are stored in fact tables, while dim...read more

Informatica Transformations are used to manipulate data during ETL process.

• Aggregator: performs calculations on groups of data

• Filter: filters rows based on a condition

• Joiner: joins data from two sources based on a common key

• Lookup: retrieves data from a database table or flat file

• Rank: assigns a rank to each row based on a specified column

• Router: routes data to different targets based on a condition

• Sorter: sorts data based on one or more columns

• Source Qualifier: extracts data...read more

Estimating the number of pizzas sold in IIT Roorkee campus in a month.

• Collect data on the number of pizza outlets in the campus

• Observe the average number of pizzas sold per day at each outlet

• Consider the days of the week and any special events that may affect pizza consumption

• Calculate the average number of pizzas sold per day across all outlets

• Multiply the average by the number of days in a month to estimate the total pizzas sold

List, tuple, and dictionary are data structures in Python.

• List: ordered, mutable, allows duplicate elements (e.g. [1, 2, 3])

• Tuple: ordered, immutable, allows duplicate elements (e.g. (1, 2, 3))

• Dictionary: unordered, mutable, key-value pairs (e.g. {'key1': 'value1', 'key2': 'value2'})

Different types of SQL joins used to combine data from two or more tables.

• Left join: Returns all records from the left table and the matched records from the right table.

• Right join: Returns all records from the right table and the matched records from the left table.

• Outer join: Returns all records when there is a match in either left or right table.

• Inner join: Returns records that have matching values in both tables.

To copy a table in SQL, you can use the CREATE TABLE AS SELECT statement.

• Use the CREATE TABLE AS SELECT statement to copy the structure and data of a table.

• Specify the new table name after CREATE TABLE and the existing table name after SELECT.

• Example: CREATE TABLE new_table AS SELECT * FROM existing_table;

Different types of joins in SQL include inner join, left join, right join, and full outer join.

• Inner join: Returns rows when there is a match in both tables

• Left join: Returns all rows from the left table and the matched rows from the right table

• Right join: Returns all rows from the right table and the matched rows from the left table

• Full outer join: Returns rows when there is a match in either table

The number of cars in India is constantly changing and difficult to determine accurately.

• As of 2021, there are approximately 300 million registered vehicles in India, including cars, motorcycles, and commercial vehicles.

• The number of cars in India is estimated to be around 35 million, with the majority being small hatchbacks.

• The Indian automotive industry is one of the largest in the world, with several domestic and international manufacturers producing cars for the Indian ma...read more

It is impossible to accurately determine the exact number of pizzas sold in New Delhi in a month without specific data.

• There are numerous pizza outlets in New Delhi, each with varying levels of sales.

• Sales can fluctuate based on factors such as day of the week, time of year, and economic conditions.

• Data on pizza sales in New Delhi would need to be obtained from individual outlets or market research reports.

Qliksense is a data visualization tool while Nprinting is a reporting tool.

• Qliksense allows users to create interactive dashboards and visualizations from various data sources.

• Nprinting enables users to create and distribute reports in various formats such as PDF, Excel, and PowerPoint.

• Qliksense and Nprinting can be integrated to create reports from Qliksense visualizations.

• Nprinting also allows for scheduling and automation of report generation and distribution.

SCD stands for Slowly Changing Dimensions. It is a technique used in data warehousing to track changes in data over time.

• Type 1 SCD: Overwrite the old data with new data. Example: Customer address change.

• Type 2 SCD: Create a new record for the change. Example: Employee promotion.

• Type 3 SCD: Create a new attribute to store the change. Example: Product price change.

• Type 4 SCD: Create a separate table to store the change history. Example: Customer purchase history.

There are approximately 5,000 dams in India.

• India has a large number of rivers and water bodies, making it necessary to build dams for various purposes such as irrigation, hydroelectric power generation, and flood control.

• The Central Water Commission of India maintains a database of dams in the country, which includes both large and small dams.

• As of 2021, the database lists over 5,000 dams in India, with the highest number in the state of Maharashtra.

• However, the actual numbe...read more

Dense rank assigns consecutive integers to rows with the same value, while rank leaves gaps in the ranking sequence.

• Dense rank assigns the same rank to rows with the same value, with no gaps in the ranking sequence.

• Rank leaves gaps in the ranking sequence for rows with the same value.

• ROW_NUMBER() assigns a unique sequential integer to each row in the result set.

I am proficient in multiple programming languages including Java, Python, and SQL.

• Proficient in Java, Python, and SQL

• Experience with web development languages such as HTML, CSS, and JavaScript

• Familiarity with data analysis languages like R and MATLAB

Design a database for a startup to increase revenue.

• Identify key business processes and data requirements

• Design a relational database schema to store the necessary data

• Optimize the database structure for efficient querying and data retrieval

• Implement data validation and integrity constraints

• Consider scalability and future growth

• Leverage data analytics and business intelligence tools for revenue optimization

Using PySpark to read CSV files involves creating a SparkSession and using the read method.

• Create a SparkSession object

• Use the read method of SparkSession to read the CSV file

• Specify the file path and format when reading the CSV file

The quantity of cement used in a building is determined by the size and type of the building, as well as the construction method and design.

• The quantity of cement used in a building depends on factors such as the size and type of the building.

• The construction method and design also play a role in determining the quantity of cement required.

• Different types of buildings, such as residential, commercial, or industrial, have varying cement requirements.

• The quantity of cement can ...read more

Dynamic lookup is done at runtime while status lookup is done at design time.

• Dynamic lookup is used when the lookup values are not known at design time.

• Status lookup is used when the lookup values are known at design time.

• Dynamic lookup requires more processing power as it is done at runtime.

• Status lookup is faster as it is done at design time.

• Example of dynamic lookup: retrieving a list of available payment methods from a database.

• Example of status lookup: selecting a status...read more

I have worked on various SQL projects including database design, optimization, and reporting.

• Designed and implemented a database for a retail company to track inventory and sales

• Optimized SQL queries for a healthcare organization to improve performance

• Created reports for a financial institution to analyze customer data

• Developed a data warehouse for a telecommunications company to store and analyze call data

Nprinting allows creation of various types of reports such as pixel perfect, Excel, PowerPoint, Word, and HTML.

• Pixel perfect reports for precise formatting

• Excel reports for data analysis

• PowerPoint reports for presentations

• Word reports for document creation

• HTML reports for web publishing

It is impossible to accurately guestimate the number of tennis balls in an airplane without specific information.

• The number of tennis balls in an airplane would depend on the size of the airplane, the purpose of the flight, and whether it is a commercial or private aircraft.

• Factors such as the cargo capacity of the airplane, any specific events or activities taking place on the flight, and any regulations regarding carrying sports equipment would also impact the number of ten...read more

It depends on the size of the room and the size of the rats.

• The size of the room and the size of the rats are important factors to consider.

• Assuming an average size of 6 inches for a rat, a 10x10 room could fit around 200 rats.

• However, if the room is smaller or the rats are larger, the number could be significantly less.

• It's important to also consider the health and safety risks of having a large number of rats in a confined space.

The number of wooden articles in college is not available.

• Data on the number of wooden articles in college is not provided.

• There is no information on the quantity or types of wooden articles in college.

• The question does not specify the context or purpose of knowing the number of wooden articles in college.

Yes, I have extensive experience with invoicing and collections in my previous roles.

• Managed invoicing process for multiple clients, ensuring accuracy and timeliness

• Implemented collection strategies to reduce outstanding balances and improve cash flow

• Utilized accounting software to track invoices and monitor collections progress

• Communicated with clients regarding payment reminders and resolution of billing discrepancies

To swap two numbers without using an extra variable, you can use arithmetic operations like addition and subtraction.

• Store the sum of the two numbers in one of the variables, then subtract one number from the sum to get the other number.

• For example, to swap numbers a=5 and b=10: a = a + b; b = a - b; a = a - b; Now a=10 and b=5.

One common problem faced by restaurants is food wastage.

• Overproduction of food

• Spoilage of ingredients

• Inaccurate forecasting of demand

• Lack of proper inventory management

• Inefficient kitchen processes

• Customer dissatisfaction with food quality

• Lack of donation or composting programs

Function to find repeated characters in a string

• Create a function that takes a string as input

• Iterate through the string and store each character in a hashmap

• If a character is already in the hashmap, it is a repeated character

Estimating the number of streetlights in Roorkee.

• Collect data on the area of Roorkee and its population density.

• Research the average number of streetlights per square kilometer in similar cities.

• Calculate the estimated number of streetlights based on the area and population density of Roorkee.

• Consider factors like main roads, residential areas, and commercial zones that may require more streetlights.

• Validate the estimate by comparing it with any available official data or con...read more

There is no reliable data available on the number of chewing gums consumed in India per month.

• There is no official record of chewing gum consumption in India.

• The consumption of chewing gum varies widely across different regions and demographics.

• Factors such as availability, affordability, and cultural preferences can influence chewing gum consumption.

• Some estimates suggest that the chewing gum market in India is growing rapidly, but exact consumption figures are unknown.

It is not possible to determine the exact number of table tennis balls present in a Boeing aircraft.

• The number of table tennis balls present in a Boeing aircraft would depend on various factors such as the size of the aircraft, its purpose, and any specific requirements.

• There is no standard or specific reason for table tennis balls to be present in a Boeing aircraft, so it is unlikely that there would be a set number across all aircraft.

• It is important to consider the practic...read more

To estimate the number of iPhone users in a city, one can use a combination of market research data, mobile network data, and surveys.

• Utilize market research data on smartphone market share to estimate the percentage of iPhone users in the city.

• Analyze mobile network data to determine the number of iPhone devices connected to the network in the city.

• Conduct surveys or interviews to gather information on iPhone ownership among residents.

• Consider factors such as income levels, ...read more

The number of tennis balls in a plane can vary based on the size of the plane and its purpose.

• Consider the size of the plane - larger planes may have more storage space for tennis balls

• Think about the purpose of the plane - a plane used for sports events may have more tennis balls

• Factor in the weight limit of the plane - too many tennis balls could exceed the weight capacity

I would choose the credit card with lower interest rate and higher rewards.

• Compare the interest rates of both credit cards

• Check the rewards program of both credit cards

• Consider any additional fees or benefits of each card

• Choose the card that best fits your spending habits and financial goals

I have solved problems by analyzing business technology needs, designing solutions, and implementing them.

• Analyzed a company's outdated technology infrastructure and recommended a cloud-based solution to improve efficiency and reduce costs.

• Designed and implemented a custom software solution for a client to streamline their inventory management process, resulting in a 30% reduction in errors.

• Resolved a complex integration issue between two software systems by conducting thorou...read more

It is impossible to accurately determine the exact number of cups of tea sold in a city in a day without specific data.

• The number of cups of tea sold in a city can vary greatly depending on factors such as population size, weather, cultural preferences, and the number of tea establishments.

• To estimate the number of cups sold, one would need data on the total population of the city, the average consumption of tea per person, the number of tea shops or cafes in the city, and an...read more

Develop a marketing strategy for a newly acquired drug by company ABC.

• Identify target audience and their needs

• Create a brand name and logo

• Develop a strong online presence through social media and website

• Partner with healthcare providers and pharmacies

• Offer discounts and promotions to increase sales

• Conduct clinical trials and publish results to build credibility

• Attend medical conferences and events to showcase the drug

• Provide educational materials to healthcare professionals a...read more

Revenue recognition is the process of recording revenue in the financial statements when it is earned, regardless of when the payment is received.

• Revenue recognition is a key accounting principle that determines when revenue should be recorded in the financial statements.

• Revenue is typically recognized when it is earned, meaning when goods or services are delivered or performed.

• The timing of revenue recognition can vary depending on the type of industry and the specific terms...read more

Different methods of pricing include cost-plus pricing, value-based pricing, competitive pricing, and dynamic pricing.

• Cost-plus pricing involves adding a markup to the cost of production to determine the selling price.

• Value-based pricing sets prices based on the perceived value to the customer rather than the cost of production.

• Competitive pricing involves setting prices based on what competitors are charging for similar products or services.

• Dynamic pricing adjusts prices in ...read more

I ensure alignment with company policies by staying updated on policies, seeking clarification when needed, and consistently following guidelines.

• Regularly review company policies and procedures

• Seek clarification from supervisors or HR if unsure about policies

• Consistently adhere to guidelines in daily work tasks

• Participate in training sessions on company policies

I am proficient in Java, Python, and SQL.

• Java

• Python

• SQL

It is impossible to accurately determine the exact number of traffic lights in Pune without access to official data.

• The number of traffic lights in a city can vary based on factors such as population density, road infrastructure, and traffic flow.

• One would need access to official records or conduct a comprehensive survey to determine the exact number of traffic lights in Pune.

• Estimates suggest that Pune has hundreds of traffic lights scattered across the city to manage traffi...read more

To find middle node in a singly linked list in one traversal only.

• Use two pointers, one moving at twice the speed of the other

• When the faster pointer reaches the end, the slower pointer will be at the middle

• Handle edge cases like empty list or list with only one node

Joins in SQL are used to combine rows from two or more tables based on a related column between them.

• Joins are used to retrieve data from multiple tables based on a related column

• Types of joins include INNER JOIN, LEFT JOIN, RIGHT JOIN, and FULL JOIN

• Example: SELECT * FROM table1 INNER JOIN table2 ON table1.column = table2.column

When a project is in derail, it means it is off track and not progressing as planned.

• Identify the root cause of the derailment

• Reassess project goals and timeline

• Implement corrective actions to get the project back on track

• Communicate with stakeholders about the situation and the plan moving forward

I manage stakeholders' expectations by setting clear goals, communicating effectively, and addressing concerns promptly.

• Establish clear goals and objectives with stakeholders

• Communicate regularly and effectively to keep stakeholders informed

• Address any concerns or issues promptly to maintain trust and transparency

• Manage expectations by setting realistic timelines and deliverables

• Seek feedback from stakeholders to ensure alignment and satisfaction

Cash is recognized in a business when it is received or paid out, following the principles of accrual accounting.

• Cash is recognized when it is received from customers for goods or services provided.

• Cash is recognized when it is paid out for expenses incurred by the business.

• Cash transactions are recorded in the cash account on the balance sheet.

• Accrual accounting principles dictate that revenue is recognized when earned and expenses are recognized when incurred, regardless of...read more

Supervised learning problems involve predicting an output variable based on input data with labeled examples.

• Classification: Predicting a categorical label (e.g. spam/not spam)

• Regression: Predicting a continuous value (e.g. house prices)

• Ranking: Predicting the order of a set of items (e.g. search engine results)

I chose this ML model because of its high accuracy and interpretability.

• The chosen model has shown superior performance in cross-validation compared to other models.

• The model's interpretability allows for easier understanding of feature importance and decision-making processes.

• The chosen model is well-suited for the specific problem domain and dataset characteristics.

• For example, I chose a Random Forest model over a Neural Network for its ability to handle noisy data and prov...read more