Thought Focus Interview Questions and Answers

Cluster configuration in Spark involves setting up resources for optimal data processing and performance.

• Cluster Manager: Choose between Standalone, YARN, or Mesos for resource management.

• Executor Configuration: Set the number of executors and memory allocation (e.g., spark.executor.memory=4g).

• Driver Configuration: Allocate memory for the driver (e.g., spark.driver.memory=2g) to handle job coordination.

• Dynamic Allocati...read more

Interfaces define contracts for classes, while abstract classes provide a base with shared code and can have state.

• An interface can only declare methods and properties, while an abstract class can have both abstract and concrete methods.

• A class can implement multiple interfaces but can inherit from only one abstract class.

• Interfaces are used for defining capabilities (e.g., 'IComparable'), while abstract classes are us...read more

Yes, an abstract class can have a constructor, which can be used to initialize common properties for derived classes.

• Abstract classes can have constructors to initialize fields.

• The constructor of an abstract class is called when a derived class is instantiated.

• Example: In Java, an abstract class 'Animal' can have a constructor to set a common name.

• Derived classes can call the abstract class constructor using 'super()'.

No, we cannot create an object of an abstract class directly; it serves as a blueprint for derived classes.

• An abstract class cannot be instantiated directly.

• It may contain abstract methods (without implementation) that must be implemented by derived classes.

• Example: In Java, 'abstract class Animal { abstract void sound(); }' cannot be instantiated.

• You can create objects of concrete subclasses that implement the abstrac...read more

Observables in Angular are a powerful way to manage asynchronous data streams and events.

• Observables are part of RxJS, a library for reactive programming using Observables.

• They allow you to handle asynchronous data, such as HTTP requests, user inputs, and more.

• You can create an Observable using the 'new Observable()' constructor or by using operators like 'of', 'from', etc.

• Example: 'const obs = new Observable(subscribe...read more

CTEs (Common Table Expressions) simplify complex queries and improve readability in SQL by defining temporary result sets.

• CTEs are defined using the WITH clause, allowing for better organization of SQL queries.

• They can be recursive, enabling operations on hierarchical data, e.g., employee reporting structures.

• Example: WITH SalesCTE AS (SELECT * FROM Sales WHERE Amount > 1000) SELECT * FROM SalesCTE;

• CTEs can replace ...read more

Plan for a Microservices architecture focusing on scalability, resilience, and maintainability.

• Define clear service boundaries: Each microservice should have a single responsibility, e.g., user management, order processing.

• Choose appropriate communication protocols: Use REST or gRPC for synchronous communication, and message brokers like RabbitMQ for asynchronous.

• Implement API Gateway: Centralize requests to microservi...read more

String is immutable, while StringBuilder is mutable and more efficient for concatenating multiple strings.

• String is immutable, meaning once created, it cannot be changed. StringBuilder is mutable and allows for modifications.

• String concatenation creates a new string object each time, while StringBuilder modifies the existing object.

• StringBuilder is more efficient for concatenating multiple strings due to its mutable na...read more

The day to day activities of a fund accountant involve maintaining financial records, reconciling transactions, preparing financial statements, and providing support to investors and auditors.

• Maintaining accurate financial records for the private equity fund

• Reconciling transactions and ensuring accuracy of investment data

• Preparing financial statements, including balance sheets, income statements, and cash flow statemen...read more

PPM and LPA are legal documents used in private equity funds.

• PPM stands for Private Placement Memorandum, which is a legal document that provides detailed information about a private equity fund to potential investors.

• LPA stands for Limited Partnership Agreement, which is a legal document that outlines the terms and conditions of the partnership between the general partner and limited partners in a private equity fund.

• ...read more

The footnotes section of an investment report provides information on the levels of investment.

• The footnotes section typically includes details on the types and amounts of investments made.

• It may provide information on the allocation of funds across different asset classes or sectors.

• Footnotes can also disclose any significant changes in investment strategies or portfolio composition.

• Examples of footnotes could include...read more

Accrual and cash entries impact the balance sheet differently.

• Accrual entry records revenue or expenses that have been earned or incurred but not yet received or paid.

• Cash entry records the actual inflow or outflow of cash.

• Accrual entry affects the income statement and balance sheet, while cash entry only affects the balance sheet.

• Accrual entry increases or decreases both revenue and expenses on the income statement, w...read more

A master-feeder structure is a common investment structure in private equity funds. Blockers and feeders are two types of entities within this structure.

• A master-feeder structure is used to pool capital from different types of investors into a single investment vehicle.

• The master fund is the main investment vehicle that holds the assets and makes the investments.

• Feeder funds are separate entities that pool capital from...read more