The United States Pharmacopeia Interview Questions and Answers

Optimizing OPEX involves identifying cost-saving opportunities and implementing efficient processes.

• Conduct a thorough analysis of current expenses to identify areas for improvement

• Implement lean manufacturing principles to reduce waste and improve efficiency

• Invest in technology and automation to streamline production processes

• Negotiate with suppliers for better pricing and terms

• Train and develop employees to increase

OEE stands for Overall Equipment Effectiveness, a metric used to measure the efficiency of production equipment.

• OEE takes into account three factors: availability, performance, and quality.

• To improve OEE, focus on reducing downtime, increasing production speed, and minimizing defects.

• Examples of improving OEE include implementing preventive maintenance schedules, training operators for optimal performance, and implemen

Productivity is the measure of efficiency in completing tasks or producing goods.

• Productivity is the ratio of output to input in a specific period of time.

• It can be measured by dividing the total output by the total input.

• Examples of productivity measures include units produced per hour, revenue generated per employee, or tasks completed per day.

HVAC system stands for Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning system, which is used to control the temperature, humidity, and air quality in a building.

• HVAC systems regulate indoor air quality by providing ventilation, maintaining temperature, and controlling humidity levels.

• They consist of components such as furnaces, air conditioners, heat pumps, ductwork, thermostats, and air filters.

• Examples of HVAC systems inc...read more

Periodic qualification involves obtaining certifications and licenses to ensure competency and compliance with industry standards.

• HVAC engineers should regularly update their certifications and licenses to stay current with industry regulations.

• Continuing education courses can help HVAC engineers stay up-to-date on the latest technologies and best practices.

• Some examples of certifications for HVAC engineers include EPA...read more

Chiller is a device that removes heat from a liquid via a vapor-compression or absorption refrigeration cycle.

• Chiller absorbs heat from a process water stream and transfers it to a refrigerant.

• The refrigerant then carries the heat to the condenser where it is released.

• The chilled water is circulated through the building to cool the air or equipment.

• Chillers can be air-cooled, water-cooled, or evaporatively cooled.

• Commo...read more

Maintain differential pressure by adjusting airflow, sealing leaks, and monitoring equipment.

• Adjust airflow using dampers or variable frequency drives to balance pressure

• Seal leaks in ductwork or building envelope to prevent pressure loss

• Monitor equipment regularly to ensure proper functioning and make adjustments as needed

Cooling tower discharge pressure is the pressure at which water is discharged from the cooling tower.

• Cooling tower discharge pressure is typically measured in pounds per square inch (psi) or inches of water column (in. WC).

• The discharge pressure is influenced by factors such as the flow rate of water, the height of the cooling tower, and the design of the tower.

• Maintaining the correct discharge pressure is important fo...read more

Spectroscopy is the study of the interaction between matter and electromagnetic radiation.

• Spectroscopy involves analyzing the absorption, emission, or scattering of light by a sample.

• Different types of spectroscopy include UV-Vis, IR, NMR, and mass spectrometry.

• It is commonly used in chemistry to identify compounds and study molecular structures.

• Spectroscopy can also be used in quality control to ensure the purity of p

Yes, I have experience in chromatography including HPLC, GC, and TLC techniques.

• Experience in operating HPLC, GC, and TLC instruments

• Knowledge of different chromatography techniques and principles

• Ability to analyze and interpret chromatography data

• Experience in troubleshooting chromatography issues

• Familiarity with chromatography software for data analysis

Titration techniques include acid-base, redox, complexometric, and precipitation methods.

• Acid-base titration involves the neutralization of an acid with a base or vice versa.

• Redox titration involves a redox reaction between the analyte and titrant.

• Complexometric titration involves the formation of a complex between the analyte and titrant.

• Precipitation titration involves the formation of a precipitate between the analy...read more

Window functions are used to perform calculations across a set of table rows related to the current row.

• Window functions are used in SQL to perform calculations within a specific window or subset of rows.

• They allow you to perform aggregate functions like SUM, AVG, COUNT, etc. over a specific range of rows.

• Examples include ROW_NUMBER(), RANK(), DENSE_RANK(), and NTILE().