Tata Digital Data Architect Interview Questions and Answers

Conceptual, logical and physical data models are different levels of abstraction in data modeling.

• Conceptual model represents high-level business concepts and relationships.

• Logical model represents the structure of data without considering physical implementation.

• Physical model represents the actual implementation of data in a database.

• Conceptual model is independent of technology and implementation details.

• Logical mod...read more

OLTP is for transactional processing while OLAP is for analytical processing.

• OLTP databases are designed for real-time transactional processing.

• OLAP databases are designed for complex analytical queries and data mining.

• OLTP databases are normalized while OLAP databases are denormalized.

• OLTP databases have a smaller data volume while OLAP databases have a larger data volume.

• Examples of OLTP databases include banking sys...read more

Dimensional model includes various types of dimensions such as conformed, junk, degenerate, and role-playing.

• Conformed dimensions are shared across multiple fact tables.

• Junk dimensions are used to store low-cardinality flags or indicators.

• Degenerate dimensions are attributes that do not have a separate dimension table.

• Role-playing dimensions are used to represent the same dimension with different meanings.

• Other types o...read more

Data governance capabilities refer to the ability to manage and control data assets effectively.

• Establishing policies and procedures for data management

• Ensuring compliance with regulations and standards

• Implementing data quality controls

• Managing data access and security

• Monitoring data usage and performance

• Providing training and support for data users

Kimball focuses on dimensional modelling while Inmon focuses on normalized modelling.

• Kimball is bottom-up approach while Inmon is top-down approach

• Kimball focuses on business processes while Inmon focuses on data architecture

• Kimball uses star schema while Inmon uses third normal form

• Kimball is easier to understand and implement while Inmon is more complex and requires more planning

• Kimball is better suited for data ware...read more

To improve database performance, query fine tuning is necessary.

• Identify slow queries and optimize them

• Use indexing and partitioning

• Reduce data retrieval by filtering unnecessary data

• Use caching and query optimization tools

• Regularly monitor and analyze performance metrics