10+ SHYAM METALICS AND ENERGY Interview Questions and Answers for Freshers

The second law of thermodynamics states that the total entropy of an isolated system can never decrease over time.

• Entropy in a closed system tends to increase over time

• Heat energy naturally flows from hot to cold objects

• Efficiency of energy conversion processes is limited by the second law of thermodynamics

Creep is the slow, time-dependent deformation of a material under constant load, while fatigue is the weakening of a material due to repeated loading and unloading.

• Creep is a time-dependent phenomenon, while fatigue is a cyclic phenomenon.

• Creep occurs at high temperatures and constant stress, while fatigue occurs at lower temperatures and varying stress levels.

• Creep leads to permanent deformation, while fatigue can lead to crack initiation and propagation.

• Examples of creep in...read more

The critical temperature of steel is the temperature at which it loses its magnetic properties.

• The critical temperature of steel is around 770°C (1420°F).

• Above this temperature, steel becomes non-magnetic and undergoes a phase change.

• The critical temperature varies depending on the type of steel and its composition.

Types of steel include carbon steel, alloy steel, stainless steel, and tool steel. They can be differentiated based on their composition, properties, and applications.

• Carbon steel contains primarily carbon and iron, with low amounts of other elements. It is commonly used in construction and manufacturing.

• Alloy steel contains additional elements such as manganese, silicon, and copper to enhance its properties. It is used in automotive and aerospace industries.

• Stainless steel c...read more

A thermocouple is a temperature sensor that consists of two different metals joined together at one end, which produces a voltage proportional to the temperature difference between the junction and the other end.

• Consists of two different metals joined together at one end

• Produces a voltage proportional to the temperature difference

• Commonly used in industrial applications for temperature measurement

T-t-t diagram is a time-temperature-transformation diagram used in materials science to understand the transformation of phases in a material.

• T-t-t diagram shows the relationship between time, temperature, and the transformation of phases in a material.

• It helps in predicting the microstructure of a material based on the cooling rate and temperature.

• T-t-t diagrams are commonly used in metallurgy to understand the phase transformations in steel during heat treatment.

Annealing is a heat treatment process used to soften metals and increase their ductility.

• Annealing involves heating a metal to a specific temperature and then slowly cooling it to room temperature.

• This process helps to relieve internal stresses, improve machinability, and enhance electrical conductivity.

• Examples of metals that are commonly annealed include steel, copper, and aluminum.

Thermo-Mechanically Treated

• TMT stands for Thermo-Mechanically Treated

• It is a process of treating steel bars to enhance their strength and durability

• TMT bars are commonly used in construction for reinforcement

Thermo mechanically treated refers to a process where a material is subjected to both thermal and mechanical treatments to improve its properties.

• Thermo mechanically treated materials undergo controlled heating and mechanical deformation to enhance their strength and toughness.

• This process is commonly used in the manufacturing of high-strength steel for structural applications.

• The combination of thermal and mechanical treatments helps in refining the microstructure of the mat...read more

One common iron ore is hematite, which typically has a grade of around 60-70% iron content.

• Hematite is a common iron ore with a grade of around 60-70% iron content

• Magnetite is another common iron ore with a higher grade of around 70-72% iron content

• Other iron ores include siderite, limonite, and taconite

Stress strain diagram shows the relationship between stress and strain in a material.

• Graphical representation of how a material deforms under stress

• Y-axis represents stress, X-axis represents strain

• Elastic region shows reversible deformation, plastic region shows irreversible deformation

• Ultimate tensile strength is the maximum stress a material can withstand before failure