Secmark Consultancy Junior Developer Interview Questions and Answers

Code for rand7 using rand5 function

• Use rand5 twice to generate a number in [1,25] with equal probability

• If the number is greater than 21, discard and try again

• Otherwise, return (number mod 7) + 1

Function to randomly select pivot element in Quick Sort

• Generate a random index within the range of the array

• Return the element at the randomly generated index as the pivot

As a team leader, I would prioritize tasks, redistribute workload, and ensure effective communication to meet the project deadline.

• Assess the current project status and identify critical tasks that need immediate attention.

• Redistribute the workload among remaining team members based on their strengths and availability.

• Communicate clearly with the team about the situation and encourage collaboration to cover for the abs...read more

LINQ (Language Integrated Query) is a Microsoft technology that allows querying data from different sources using a common syntax.

• LINQ provides a unified way to query data from different sources such as databases, XML documents, and collections.

• It allows developers to write queries using a common syntax regardless of the data source.

• LINQ queries are strongly typed and can be checked at compile time.

• Examples of LINQ pro...read more

ADO.NET is a data access technology used to connect applications to databases.

• ADO.NET provides a set of classes to interact with databases.

• It supports disconnected data architecture.

• It uses Data Providers to connect to different databases.

• It supports LINQ to SQL for querying databases.

• Examples of Data Providers are SQL Server, Oracle, MySQL, etc.

WPF stands for Windows Presentation Foundation. It is a graphical subsystem for rendering user interfaces in Windows-based applications.

• WPF is a part of .NET Framework and provides a unified programming model for building desktop applications.

• It uses XAML (eXtensible Application Markup Language) to define and create user interfaces.

• WPF supports rich media, 2D and 3D graphics, animation, and data binding.

• It allows for s...read more

WPF provides better UI design and development options than Windows Forms.

• WPF allows for more flexible and customizable UI design.

• WPF supports vector graphics and animations.

• WPF has better data binding capabilities.

• WPF is more modern and actively developed than Windows Forms.

• WPF is better suited for creating modern desktop applications.

Procedures and triggers are database objects used to automate tasks and enforce rules.

• Procedures are a set of SQL statements that can be executed repeatedly.

• Triggers are special types of procedures that are automatically executed in response to certain events.

• Triggers can be used to enforce business rules, audit changes, or replicate data.

• Procedures and triggers can be written in various programming languages such as S...read more

An abstract class is a class that cannot be instantiated and is used as a base class for other classes.

• An abstract class can have abstract and non-abstract methods.

• Abstract methods have no implementation and must be implemented by the derived class.

• An abstract class can have constructors and fields.

• An abstract class can be used to define a common interface for a group of related classes.

• Example: Animal is an abstract c...read more

Encapsulation is hiding implementation details while abstraction is showing only necessary details.

• Encapsulation is achieved through access modifiers like private, protected, and public.

• Abstraction is achieved through abstract classes and interfaces.

• Encapsulation provides data security and prevents unauthorized access.

• Abstraction helps in reducing complexity and improves maintainability.

• Example of encapsulation: Class ...read more

Singleton design pattern restricts the instantiation of a class to a single instance.

• Ensures only one instance of a class exists

• Provides a global point of access to that instance

• Used when only one object is needed to coordinate actions across the system

• Example: Database connection manager

A closure is a function that has access to its outer function's variables, even after the outer function has returned.

• A closure is created when a function is defined inside another function.

• It allows for private variables and functions in JavaScript.

• Closures are used for data hiding, encapsulation, and creating modules.

• Example: function outer() { var x = 10; function inner() { console.log(x); } return inner; } var clos...read more