Scketch Digital Solutions UI and UX Intern Interview Questions and Answers

Q1. Given UI task display like display boxes side by side in desktop screen and one after the other in mobile screen using media queries?
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Q2. Explain difference between authorization vs authentication?
Ans. 
Authentication verifies a user's identity, while authorization determines what a user can access.
• Authentication confirms a user's identity through credentials like username and password.

• Authorization controls access to resources based on the authenticated user's permissions.

• Example: Logging into a website (authentication) and then being able to view/edit specific pages based on your role (authorization).
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Q3. How to render list in react? Also explain difference between state vs prop in react?
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To render a list in React, use map() function to iterate over an array of data and return a list of components. State is mutable data managed within a component, while props are immutable data passed from parent to child components.
• To render a list in React, use map() function to iterate over an array of data and return a list of components.

• Example: const items = ['item1', 'item2', 'item3']; items.map(item =>

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Q1. What are the webpage optimization techniques? How to check webpage optimization? In lighthouse optimization reports , how to fix issue related render blocking scripts?
Ans. 
Webpage optimization techniques include minifying CSS and JS files, optimizing images, using asynchronous loading for scripts, and reducing render-blocking scripts.
• Minify CSS and JS files to reduce file sizes and improve loading times.

• Optimize images by compressing them and using the correct file format (e.g. JPEG for photographs, PNG for graphics).

• Use asynchronous loading for scripts to prevent them from blocking the ...read more
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Q2. Write scss code nested li element by applying background color 2 element and also use mixins?
Ans. 
Use SCSS to apply background color to nested li elements and utilize mixins.
• Use nesting to target the li elements within a parent element

• Apply background color to the 2nd li element using the :nth-child() selector

• Define and use mixins to reuse styles across the codebase
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Q3. How to fix cumulative layout shift issues?
Ans. 
To fix cumulative layout shift issues, ensure all images and media have dimensions specified in HTML, use CSS aspect ratio boxes, and prioritize loading critical resources.
• Specify dimensions for all images and media in HTML to prevent layout shifts.

• Use CSS aspect ratio boxes to reserve space for images before they load.

• Prioritize loading critical resources to avoid sudden layout changes.
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Q1. Tell me about yourself
Ans. 
I am a creative UI UX Designer with a passion for user-centered design and problem-solving.
• Experienced in creating wireframes, prototypes, and user flows

• Strong understanding of design principles and usability

• Skilled in using design tools such as Adobe XD, Sketch, and Figma

• Collaborative team player with excellent communication skills
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Q2. Explain UI UX process
Ans. 
UI UX process involves designing user interfaces and experiences to create intuitive and engaging digital products.
• Research and analysis to understand user needs and behaviors

• Wireframing and prototyping to visualize design concepts

• Iterative design process to gather feedback and make improvements

• Collaboration with developers to ensure design feasibility

• User testing to validate design decisions
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Q1. Portfolio presentation
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Q2. Question on portfolio
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Q1. What's your father do..
Ans. 
My father is a software engineer who works for a tech company.
• Father is a software engineer

• Works for a tech company
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Q2. Tell me family details
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This is coding + mcq question

Q1. What is react class based conponent?
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Q2. What is mixins?
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Q3. What are react lifecycles?
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Q1. What is the closure in JS?
Ans. 
Closure in JS is a function that retains access to variables from its parent scope even after the parent function has finished executing.
• Closure allows functions to have access to variables from an outer function even after the outer function has finished executing.

• It is created whenever a function is defined within another function, and the inner function has access to the outer function's variables.

• Closures are commo...read more
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Q2. Explain about web worker ?
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Web workers allow running JavaScript code in the background without blocking the main thread.
• Web workers are separate JavaScript files that run in the background.

• They allow for multi-threading in web applications.

• Web workers can perform tasks like heavy calculations or network requests without affecting the main UI thread.

• Communication between web workers and the main thread is done through message passing.
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Q3. How to pass props in React
Ans. 
Props in React are passed from parent components to child components to share data and functionality.
• Props are passed as attributes in JSX when rendering a component

• Props can be accessed in the child component using 'this.props'

• Props are read-only and should not be modified directly
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Q1. What is your design process
Ans. 
My design process involves research, ideation, prototyping, testing, and iteration to create user-centered solutions.
• Research: Understand user needs and goals.

• Ideation: Brainstorm and generate design concepts.

• Prototyping: Create interactive prototypes for testing.

• Testing: Gather feedback from users and stakeholders.

• Iteration: Refine designs based on feedback and testing results.
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Q2. What is information architecture
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Information architecture is the organization and structure of information within a digital product or website.
• It involves categorizing and organizing content in a way that is easy for users to navigate and understand.

• Information architecture helps users find what they are looking for quickly and efficiently.

• It includes creating sitemaps, wireframes, and navigation systems to guide users through the product.

• Good informa...read more
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Technical Rounds:
The initial two technical rounds were conducted professionally, and the interviewers seemed genuinely interested in my background, experience, and skills related to UI/UX design. The questions were relevant and challenging, but I felt adequately prepared for them. I appreciated the opportunity to discuss my design portfolio and provide detailed answers to their inquiries. These rounds created a positive impression of IBM's commitment to hiring skilled professionals in the UI/UX field.

In conclusion, while the initial technical rounds of the interview process at IBM were professional and promising, the manager round with Anil G left me with concerns about the fairness and effectiveness of the evaluation process. Addressing potential biases in the interview process is crucial to ensuring a better candidate experience and a more accurate assessment of future UI/UX Designer candidates.

Q1. WHat is event loop?
Ans. 
Event loop is a mechanism in JavaScript that allows for asynchronous operations to be executed in a non-blocking way.
• Event loop is responsible for handling asynchronous operations in JavaScript.

• It allows for non-blocking execution of code by continuously checking the call stack and the task queue.

• When the call stack is empty, the event loop moves tasks from the task queue to the call stack for execution.

• Example: setTim...read more
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Q2. What is DOM ?
Ans. 
DOM stands for Document Object Model, a programming interface for web documents.
• DOM is a tree-like structure that represents the elements of a web page.

• It allows developers to manipulate the content, structure, and style of a web page using scripting languages like JavaScript.

• DOM provides methods and properties to interact with HTML elements, such as selecting, adding, removing, or modifying them.

• Example: document.getE...read more
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