SAL STEEL Electrical Engineer Interview Questions and Answers

Q1. PLC and logics,ios
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Q2. Ht,lt motor , protection and breakers
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Q1. Power factor What is vfd Difference between ac and dc motor
Ans. 
Power factor is the ratio of real power to apparent power in an AC circuit. VFD stands for Variable Frequency Drive. AC motors run on alternating current while DC motors run on direct current.
• Power factor is a measure of how effectively electrical power is being used in a circuit.

• It is calculated by dividing the real power (in watts) by the apparent power (in volt-amperes).

• A power factor of 1 indicates that all the pow...read more
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Q2. Types of load cell
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Types of load cells include strain gauge load cells, hydraulic load cells, and capacitive load cells.
• Strain gauge load cells measure the strain or deformation of a material.

• Hydraulic load cells use hydraulic fluid to measure force.

• Capacitive load cells measure changes in capacitance to determine force.

• Other types of load cells include piezoelectric load cells and pneumatic load cells.
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Q1. What is thermocouple?
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A thermocouple is a device that measures temperature by detecting the voltage difference between two different metals.
• Consists of two different metal wires joined at one end

• Produces a voltage that varies with temperature

• Used in temperature measurement and control systems

• Commonly used in industrial applications such as furnaces and boilers
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Q2. What is ohomic value of PT-100?
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The ohmic value of PT-100 is 100 ohms at 0°C.
• PT-100 is a type of platinum resistance thermometer.

• It has a resistance of 100 ohms at 0°C.

• The resistance increases with temperature at a rate of 0.385 ohms/°C.

• PT-100 is commonly used in industrial temperature measurement applications.
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Q3. What is calibration 3.0 and 5.0?
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Calibration 3.0 and 5.0 refer to the accuracy level of a measuring instrument.
• Calibration 3.0 means the instrument has an accuracy level of 0.3% of the full scale reading.

• Calibration 5.0 means the instrument has an accuracy level of 0.5% of the full scale reading.

• The higher the calibration number, the more accurate the instrument is.

• Calibration is the process of adjusting an instrument to ensure its accuracy.

• Calibratio...read more
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Q1. What is PLC CPU model
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PLC CPU model refers to the central processing unit of a programmable logic controller.
• PLC CPU model is the main component of a PLC responsible for executing logic and controlling processes.

• Examples of PLC CPU models include Siemens S7-1200, Allen-Bradley ControlLogix, and Mitsubishi FX Series.

• The CPU model determines the processing speed, memory capacity, and communication capabilities of the PLC.
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Q2. What is scintillation counter components?
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Scintillation counter components are used to detect and measure ionizing radiation by converting the energy of incoming particles into flashes of light.
• Consists of a scintillator material that emits light when struck by ionizing radiation

• Includes a photomultiplier tube to convert the light into an electrical signal

• May also have electronic components for signal processing and data analysis
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Q1. What is plc. Draw structure diagram.
Ans. 
PLC stands for Programmable Logic Controller, used in industrial automation to control machinery and processes.
• PLC is a digital computer used for automation of electromechanical processes.

• It uses a programmable memory to store instructions and specific functions.

• PLCs are commonly used in manufacturing plants, assembly lines, and other industrial settings.

• They can be programmed using ladder logic, function block diagram...read more
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Q2. What are different types of communication cable used in your industry.
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Different types of communication cables used in the electrical engineering industry include coaxial cables, twisted pair cables, and fiber optic cables.
• Coaxial cables: used for high-frequency transmission and commonly used in cable television and computer networks.

• Twisted pair cables: consists of pairs of insulated copper wires twisted together to reduce electromagnetic interference, commonly used in Ethernet networks.

• ...read more
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Q3. Difference between single mode and multimode fiber optic cable.
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Single mode fiber optic cable has a smaller core size and allows only one mode of light to propagate, while multimode fiber optic cable has a larger core size and allows multiple modes of light to propagate.
• Single mode fiber optic cable has a core size of 8-10 microns, while multimode fiber optic cable has a core size of 50-62.5 microns.

• Single mode fiber optic cable provides higher bandwidth and longer transmission dis...read more
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Q4. Types of transformer
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Types of transformers include step-up, step-down, isolation, autotransformer, and distribution transformers.
• Step-up transformer increases voltage output

• Step-down transformer decreases voltage output

• Isolation transformer provides electrical isolation between primary and secondary windings

• Autotransformer has a single winding with multiple taps for different voltage levels

• Distribution transformer is used to distribute pow
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Q5. Protection system used for transformer
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Protection system for transformers includes Buchholz relay, differential protection, overcurrent protection, and temperature monitoring.
• Buchholz relay detects internal faults like gas accumulation or oil leakage

• Differential protection compares currents entering and leaving the transformer to detect faults

• Overcurrent protection safeguards against excessive current flow

• Temperature monitoring ensures the transformer opera
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Q6. Maintenance of Transformer and motor
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Regular maintenance of transformers and motors is crucial for ensuring optimal performance and preventing breakdowns.
• Regularly inspecting for signs of wear and tear

• Checking and replacing worn out parts such as brushes and bearings

• Testing insulation resistance

• Cleaning and lubricating moving parts

• Monitoring temperature and vibration levels

• Following manufacturer's maintenance guidelines

• Keeping records of maintenance activ
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Q7. Differential protection of transformer
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Differential protection of transformer ensures that any internal fault is quickly detected and isolated to prevent damage.
• Differential protection compares the current entering and leaving the transformer windings. If there is a difference, it indicates a fault.

• The relay used for differential protection operates when the difference in current exceeds a set threshold.

• This protection scheme is effective in detecting inter...read more
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Q8. Ten delta test of transformer
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Ten delta test is a method used to determine the phase relationship between the primary and secondary windings of a transformer.
• Ten delta test involves injecting a low voltage signal into the primary winding and measuring the corresponding output in the secondary winding.

• The test helps in identifying any phase shift or angular displacement between the primary and secondary windings.

• It is important for ensuring the prop...read more
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MCQ Question of total 10 question

Q1. What do you mean by Reverse Arc Flashing on ACB Breaker
Ans. 
Reverse arc flashing on ACB breaker refers to the phenomenon where the arc flash occurs on the opposite side of the contacts during the opening operation.
• Reverse arc flashing happens when the arc flash occurs on the side of the contacts opposite to the normal direction during the opening operation of the ACB breaker.

• This phenomenon can be caused by factors such as high fault currents, improper maintenance, or inadequat...read more
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Q1. Why you want to leave your present company
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Q1. Current , Resistance, Transformer
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Q1. Instrumentation
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Q2. Plc and transmitter
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Q3. All Control valve calibration
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Control valve calibration is a process of adjusting and setting control valves to ensure they operate correctly.
• Control valve calibration involves adjusting the valve to achieve the desired flow rate or pressure.

• Calibration may include checking the valve position, response time, and accuracy.

• Proper calibration ensures the control valve functions accurately and efficiently.

• Examples of calibration methods include bench t
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Q4. Load cell & encoder
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