What is the binary search algorithm, and how is it implemented in data structures?

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Accepted Answer

Binary search is a search algorithm that finds the position of a target value within a sorted array.

Binary search works by repeatedly dividing the search interval in half.
It compares the target value with the middle element of the array.
If the target value matches the middle element, the position is returned.
If the target value is less than the middle element, the search continues on the left subarray.
If the target value is greater than the middle element, the search continues on the right subarray.
Binary search has a time complexity of O(log n) where n is the number of elements in the array.