30+ Theoddcoders Technologies Interview Questions and Answers

IPC is a mechanism for communication between processes, while ITC is for communication between threads within a process.

• IPC allows processes to exchange data and synchronize their actions.

• ITC allows threads to share data and coordinate their activities.

• IPC can be implemented using various techniques such as pipes, sockets, shared memory, and message queues.

• ITC can be achieved through shared variables, message passing, and synchronization primitives.

• Example of IPC: A client-se...read more

Memory segments include code, data, stack, and heap. Each segment stores different parts of a program in memory.

• Code segment: stores the executable code of the program

• Data segment: stores global and static variables

• Stack segment: stores local variables and function call information

• Heap segment: stores dynamically allocated memory

Little endian and big endian are byte ordering formats. Little endian stores the least significant byte first, while big endian stores the most significant byte first.

• Little endian and big endian refer to the order in which bytes are stored in memory.

• In little endian, the least significant byte is stored first, followed by the more significant bytes.

• In big endian, the most significant byte is stored first, followed by the less significant bytes.

• Implementing code for little en...read more

Zombie, daemon, and orphan processes are different types of processes in operating systems.

• Zombie processes are dead processes that have completed execution but still have an entry in the process table.

• Daemon processes are background processes that run continuously and perform specific tasks.

• Orphan processes are child processes that continue to run even after their parent process has terminated.

• Zombie processes consume system resources until they are removed from the process ...read more

Client and server establish communication through sockets. Creating a socket involves several steps.

• Client and server each create a socket object.

• Server socket binds to a specific port number on the server machine.

• Server socket listens for incoming client connections.

• Client socket connects to the server socket using the server's IP address and port number.

• Once the connection is established, client and server can exchange data through the socket.

gcc is a command-line compiler used to compile programs written in C or C++.

• To compile a program using gcc, use the command 'gcc -o '.

• The '-o' option is used to specify the name of the output file.

• By default, gcc compiles C programs. To compile C++ programs, use the '-x' option with 'c++' argument.

• To enable warnings during compilation, use the '-Wall' option.

• To optimize the compiled code, use the '-O' option followed by a level (e.g., '-O2' for level 2 optimization).

• To inclu...read more

A switch in a network is a device that connects multiple devices together and forwards data packets between them.

• A switch operates at the data link layer of the OSI model.

• It uses MAC addresses to determine the destination of data packets.

• Switches improve network performance by reducing collisions and providing dedicated bandwidth to each connected device.

• Switches can be implemented using software-defined networking (SDN) technologies.

• Examples of switch software include Cisco ...read more

To create parent and child processes, use fork() system call. To create threads, use pthread_create() function.

• To create a child process, use fork() system call. The child process is an exact copy of the parent process.

• To create threads, use pthread_create() function from pthread library.

• Parent and child processes can communicate using inter-process communication mechanisms like pipes or shared memory.

• Threads share the same memory space and can communicate directly through sh...read more

The common segments used by parent and child processes are code segment, data segment, and stack segment.

• Code segment: Contains the executable code of the program.

• Data segment: Stores global and static variables.

• Stack segment: Used for local variables and function calls.

A symbol table is a data structure used by compilers and interpreters to store information about the variables, functions, and other symbols in a program.

• It maps each symbol to its attributes, such as its data type, memory location, and scope.

• Symbol tables are used during the compilation or interpretation process to resolve references to symbols and perform semantic analysis.

• They enable efficient lookup and retrieval of symbol information during program execution.

• Symbol table...read more

Program to check common sequence in two strings

• Iterate through each character of the first string

• Check if the current character is present in the second string

• If yes, add it to the common sequence array

• Return the common sequence array

NAT stands for Network Address Translation. It is a process of translating IP addresses between different networks.

• NAT allows multiple devices in a private network to share a single public IP address.

• It provides security by hiding the internal IP addresses from external networks.

• NAT enables the conservation of public IP addresses by allowing multiple devices to use a single IP.

• It facilitates the routing of traffic between different networks.

• NAT can be implemented using variou...read more

The common segments used by threads are code segment, data segment, and stack segment.

• Code segment: Contains the executable code of the program.

• Data segment: Stores global and static variables.

• Stack segment: Used for local variables and function call information.

Linking is the process of connecting different web pages or resources together through hyperlinks.

• Linking is an essential aspect of the World Wide Web.

• It allows users to navigate between different web pages by clicking on hyperlinks.

• Hyperlinks can be text, images, or other elements that when clicked, direct the user to another web page or resource.

• Linking helps in organizing and structuring information on the web.

• It enables search engines to discover and index web pages.

• Linki...read more

This program finds and prints the bits that are set in a given number.

• Use bitwise AND operator (&) to check if a bit is set.

• Iterate through each bit of the number and print the position of the set bits.

Program to reverse the bits of a number

• Convert the number to binary representation

• Reverse the binary representation

• Convert the reversed binary back to decimal

A socket buffer is a data structure used by the operating system to store data being sent or received over a network socket.

• Socket buffers are typically implemented as circular buffers.

• They are used to temporarily hold data until it can be processed by the application.

• Socket buffers have a fixed size and can be filled or emptied by the operating system or the application.

• They help in managing the flow of data between the network and the application.

• Examples of socket buffer i...read more

Program to reverse a string

• Use a loop to iterate through the characters of the string

• Create a new string and append each character in reverse order

• Return the reversed string

A bridge is a structure that connects two separate areas, allowing for the passage of people, vehicles, or other forms of transportation.

• Bridges provide a means of crossing obstacles such as rivers, valleys, or roads.

• They facilitate the movement of people, vehicles, and goods from one place to another.

• Bridges can be made of various materials such as concrete, steel, or wood.

• They can be designed in different styles and shapes, including arches, suspension bridges, or beam brid...read more