One Convergence Software Developer Interview Questions and Answers

Round duration - 60 minutes
Round difficulty - Medium

Round duration - 40 minutes
Round difficulty - Medium

Q1. 
Convert a Binary Search Tree (BST) to a Greater Sum Tree
Given a Binary Search Tree of integers, transform it into a Greater Sum Tree where each node's value is replaced with the sum of all node values gr...read more
Ans. 
Convert a Binary Search Tree to a Greater Sum Tree by replacing each node's value with the sum of all node values greater than the current node's value.
• Traverse the BST in reverse inorder (right, root, left) to visit nodes in descending order.

• Keep track of the running sum of visited nodes and update each node's value with this sum.

• Modify the BST in place without creating a new tree.

• Example: Input BST: 4 1 6 0 2 5 7 -1 ...read more
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Q2. 
Middle of a Linked List
You are given the head node of a singly linked list. Your task is to return a pointer pointing to the middle of the linked list.
If there is an odd number of elements, return the ...read more
Ans. 
Return the middle element of a singly linked list, or the one farther from the head if there are even elements.
• Traverse the linked list with two pointers, one moving twice as fast as the other

• When the fast pointer reaches the end, the slow pointer will be at the middle

• If there are even elements, return the one that is farther from the head node

• Handle edge cases like linked list of size 1 or empty list
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Round duration - 40 minutes
Round difficulty - Medium

Round duration - 60 minutes
Round difficulty - Medium

After written test , only 4 from Mca and 4 from Mtech were selected for next round.
It was also pure technical round. Interview started just after result was declared. Since there was only two panels, It was taking time.

Q1. 
Flip Bits Problem Explanation
Given an array of integers ARR of size N, consisting of 0s and 1s, you need to select a sub-array and flip its bits. Your task is to return the maximum count of 1s that can b...read more
Ans. 
Given an array of 0s and 1s, find the maximum count of 1s by flipping a sub-array at most once.
• Iterate through the array and keep track of the maximum count of 1s obtained by flipping a sub-array.

• Consider flipping a sub-array from index i to j and calculate the count of 1s in the resulting array.

• Return the maximum count of 1s obtained by flipping a sub-array at most once.
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Q2. 
Count Set Bits Problem Statement
Given a positive integer N, compute the total number of '1's in the binary representation of all numbers from 1 to N. Return this count modulo 1e9+7 because the result can...read more
Ans. 
Count the total number of set bits in the binary representation of numbers from 1 to N modulo 1e9+7.
• Iterate through numbers from 1 to N and count the set bits in their binary representation

• Use bitwise operations to count the set bits efficiently

• Return the count modulo 1e9+7 for each test case
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Q3. What is NAT and what are its functions?
Ans. 
NAT stands for Network Address Translation. It is used to translate private IP addresses to public IP addresses.
• NAT allows multiple devices on a local network to share a single public IP address.

• It enhances security by hiding internal IP addresses from external networks.

• Types of NAT include Static NAT, Dynamic NAT, and Port Address Translation (PAT).
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Q4. What is a VLAN?
Ans. 
A VLAN (Virtual Local Area Network) is a network of computers that behave as if they are connected to the same physical network, even though they may be located on different segments.
• VLANs are used to segment network traffic and improve network performance and security.

• They allow for logical grouping of devices regardless of their physical location.

• VLANs can be configured to separate different departments within an org...read more
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Q5. What is a socket buffer?
Ans. 
A socket buffer is a temporary storage area in memory used for sending and receiving data over a network.
• Socket buffers are used by the operating system to temporarily store data being sent or received over a network connection.

• They help in managing the flow of data between the application and the network interface.

• Socket buffers can be adjusted in size to optimize network performance.

• Examples include TCP send and rece...read more
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Q6. What is the function of a bridge in networking?
Ans. 
A bridge in networking is a device that connects two or more network segments, allowing them to communicate with each other.
• Bridges operate at the data link layer of the OSI model.

• They use MAC addresses to forward data between network segments.

• Bridges help reduce network congestion by only forwarding data to the segment where the destination device is located.

• Example: Connecting a wired LAN to a wireless LAN using a br...read more
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Round duration - 60 minutes
Round difficulty - Medium

Technical interview round with questions based on DSA/OS etc.

Q1. 
Reverse the String Problem Statement
You are given a string STR which contains alphabets, numbers, and special characters. Your task is to reverse the string.
Example:
Input:
STR = "abcde"
Output:
"e...read more
Ans. 
Reverse a given string containing alphabets, numbers, and special characters.
• Iterate through the string from the end to the beginning and append each character to a new string.

• Use built-in functions like reverse() or StringBuilder in languages like Python or Java for efficient reversal.

• Handle special characters and numbers while reversing the string.

• Ensure to consider the constraints provided in the problem statement.

• T...read more
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Q2. 
Longest Common Subsequence Problem Statement
Given two strings STR1 and STR2, determine the length of their longest common subsequence.
A subsequence is a sequence that can be derived from another sequen...read more
Ans. 
The task is to find the length of the longest common subsequence between two given strings.
• Implement a function to find the longest common subsequence between two strings.

• Use dynamic programming to solve the problem efficiently.

• Iterate through the strings and build a matrix to store the lengths of common subsequences.

• Return the length of the longest common subsequence found.
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Q3. What is the difference between Zombie, Orphan, and Daemon processes?
Ans. 
Zombie, Orphan, and Daemon processes are different types of processes in operating systems.
• Zombie process is a terminated process that has not been removed from the process table yet.

• Orphan process is a child process whose parent process has terminated.

• Daemon process is a background process that runs detached from the controlling terminal.
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Q4. What are little endian and big endian?
Ans. 
Little endian and big endian are ways of storing multibyte data in memory, with little endian storing the least significant byte first and big endian storing the most significant byte first.
• Little endian stores the least significant byte first, while big endian stores the most significant byte first.

• For example, the number 0x12345678 would be stored as 78 56 34 12 in little endian and 12 34 56 78 in big endian.

• Most mod...read more
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Q5. What is linking?
Ans. 
Linking is the process of connecting different parts of a program together to create a single executable file.
• Linking combines object files generated by the compiler into a single executable file.

• There are two types of linking: static linking and dynamic linking.

• Static linking includes all necessary libraries and dependencies in the executable file.

• Dynamic linking references external libraries at runtime.

• Examples of li...read more
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Q6. Can you explain the memory layout of a C program?
Ans. 
Memory layout of a C program includes sections like text, data, bss, heap, and stack.
• The 'text' section contains the executable code of the program.

• The 'data' section contains initialized global and static variables.

• The 'bss' section contains uninitialized global and static variables.

• The 'heap' is used for dynamic memory allocation.

• The 'stack' is used for function call and local variables.
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Q7. What is a symbol table?
Ans. 
A symbol table is a data structure used by a compiler to store information about the names of variables, functions, and other symbols in a program.
• It maps identifiers to information about them, such as their type, scope, and memory location.

• Symbol tables are used during compilation to resolve references to symbols and perform semantic analysis.

• Examples of symbol tables include the global symbol table in Python and the ...read more
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