Nuberg Engineering Chemical Graduate Engineer Trainee Interview Questions and Answers

Laws of thermodynamics are fundamental principles governing energy and heat transfer in physical systems.

• First Law: Conservation of energy - energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred or converted.

• Second Law: Entropy always increases in isolated systems - heat naturally flows from hot to cold objects.

• Third Law: As temperature approaches absolute zero, entropy approaches a minimum value.

• Examples: A car engi...read more

Pressure decreases with altitude due to the decrease in air density as altitude increases.

• Pressure decreases by about 12% for every 1000 meters increase in altitude.

• This is because as altitude increases, the air becomes less dense, leading to fewer air molecules exerting pressure.

• For example, at sea level, the average atmospheric pressure is around 1013 hPa, while at the summit of Mount Everest, it is around 300 hPa.

Fourier Laws describe the heat transfer in materials.

• Fourier's Law of Heat Conduction states that the rate of heat transfer through a material is proportional to the negative gradient of the temperature and the area normal to that gradient.

• Fourier's Law of Heat Conduction equation: q = -k * A * (dT/dx), where q is the heat flux, k is the thermal conductivity, A is the cross-sectional area, and dT/dx is the temperature ...read more