Mphasis Senior Software Developer Interview Questions and Answers

Procedures and functions are stored routines in a database that can be called to perform specific tasks.

• Procedures are a set of SQL statements that perform a specific task. They can have input and output parameters.

• Functions are similar to procedures but return a value. They can be used in SQL queries like any other function.

• Both procedures and functions can improve code reusability and maintainability in a database sy...read more

A trigger is a special kind of stored procedure that is automatically executed when certain events occur in a database.

• Triggers are used to maintain data integrity by enforcing business rules or cascading changes.

• They can be set to execute before or after INSERT, UPDATE, or DELETE operations.

• Examples include auditing changes to a table, updating related records in other tables, or enforcing constraints.

A database is a structured collection of data that is stored and accessed electronically.

• Database organizes and stores data in tables

• It allows for efficient retrieval, insertion, and updating of data

• Examples include MySQL, Oracle, MongoDB

Primary key is a unique identifier for each record in a database table.

• Primary key ensures each record in a table is uniquely identified.

• It must have a unique value for each record.

• Primary key can be a single column or a combination of columns.

• Examples: ID column in a user table, combination of first name and last name in an employee table.

Abstraction is hiding the implementation details while interface is a contract that defines the methods that a class must implement.

• Abstraction focuses on hiding the internal implementation details of a class, allowing the user to only see the necessary information.

• Interfaces define a set of methods that a class must implement, without specifying how those methods are implemented.

• Abstraction can be achieved through abs...read more

Ref vs Out parameters in C#

• Ref parameters must be initialized before passing to a method, while Out parameters do not need to be initialized.

• Ref parameters can be read and modified within the method, while Out parameters are typically used for output values only.

• Example: void ModifyValue(ref int num) { num = 10; } vs void GetOutput(out int result) { result = 20; }

Middleware in .NET Core is a component that can handle requests and responses in the application pipeline.

• Middleware is a piece of software that can intercept and process HTTP requests and responses in the application pipeline.

• Middleware can be used for logging, authentication, authorization, error handling, and more.

• Middleware is added to the application pipeline using the app.UseMiddleware() method in the Configure m...read more

Authentication in web API is crucial for securing access to resources and ensuring data privacy.

• Use token-based authentication like JWT for secure communication between client and server

• Implement OAuth2 for authorization and access control

• Use HTTPS to encrypt data transmission and prevent man-in-the-middle attacks

The JVM executes Java bytecode, providing platform independence and memory management through garbage collection.

• The JVM converts Java bytecode into machine code using a Just-In-Time (JIT) compiler.

• It manages memory through an automatic garbage collection process, reclaiming memory from objects no longer in use.

• The JVM provides a runtime environment that includes a class loader for loading classes and a security manage...read more

Spring and Spring Boot simplify Java development with features like dependency injection, microservices support, and rapid application setup.

• Dependency Injection: Promotes loose coupling and easier testing. Example: Using @Autowired to inject services.

• Microservices Support: Spring Boot makes it easy to create stand-alone, production-grade Spring applications. Example: Building RESTful APIs.

• Convention over Configuration...read more

Spring Security uses various annotations to manage security configurations and access control in applications.

• @EnableWebSecurity: Enables Spring Security’s web security support and provides the Spring MVC integration.

• @PreAuthorize: Used to specify method-level security, allowing access based on roles or expressions. Example: @PreAuthorize("hasRole('ADMIN')")

• @PostAuthorize: Similar to @PreAuthorize but checks access aft...read more

String is immutable in order to ensure data integrity and security.

• Immutable strings prevent accidental changes to data, ensuring consistency in programs.

• Immutable strings allow for more efficient memory management and optimization.

• Example: In Java, once a string object is created, its value cannot be changed.

Extrusion is a process used to create objects of a fixed cross-sectional profile.

• Extrusion is a manufacturing process where a material is pushed through a die to create a specific shape.

• Common materials used in extrusion include metals, plastics, and food products.

• Examples of extruded products include pipes, rods, and window frames.