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Bubble sort is a simple sorting algorithm that repeatedly steps through the list, compares adjacent elements and swaps them if they are in the wrong order.

• Start from the first element and compare it with the next element

• If the first element is greater than the next element, swap them

• Repeat this process for all elements in the list

• Continue this process until no more swaps are needed

A Turing Machine is a theoretical device that can simulate any algorithmic computation.

• It was proposed by Alan Turing in 1936 as a model for computation.

• It consists of a tape, a head that can read and write symbols on the tape, and a set of rules for transitioning between states.

• It can simulate any algorithmic computation, making it a powerful tool for theoretical computer science.

• It is often used as a theoretical basi...read more

A hash function is a mathematical function that converts input data of arbitrary size into a fixed-size output.

• Hash functions are used to index data in hash tables.

• They are also used in cryptography to securely store passwords.

• Examples of hash functions include MD5, SHA-1, and SHA-256.