Gramener Software Testing Interview Questions and Answers

ML,DL,Python,NLP,Data VIsualization

Q1. Explain TF-IDF in NLP
Ans. 
TF-IDF is a numerical statistic that reflects the importance of a word in a document relative to a collection of documents.
• TF-IDF stands for Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency.

• It is used in Natural Language Processing (NLP) to determine the importance of a word in a document.

• TF-IDF is calculated by multiplying the term frequency (TF) of a word by the inverse document frequency (IDF) of the word.

• It helps in ident...read more
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Test of Basic data structures in Python include lists, tuples, and dictionaries, as well as loops and conditional statements.

Framework and requirements for chatbot implementation.

Q1. Salary discussion
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General aptitude basics

Mcq and basic ml model building

Q1. Explain Transformers how different from previous RNN, LSTM etc.
Ans. 
Transformers are a type of neural network architecture that utilizes self-attention mechanisms to process sequential data.
• Transformers use self-attention mechanisms to weigh the importance of different input elements, allowing for parallel processing of sequences.

• Unlike RNNs and LSTMs, Transformers do not rely on sequential processing, making them more efficient for long-range dependencies.

• Transformers have been shown ...read more
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Q2. What are different types of Attention?
Ans. 
Different types of Attention include self-attention, global attention, and local attention.
• Self-attention focuses on relationships within the input sequence itself.

• Global attention considers the entire input sequence when making predictions.

• Local attention only attends to a subset of the input sequence at a time.

• Examples include Transformer's self-attention mechanism, Bahdanau attention, and Luong attention.
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Q3. Difference between GPT and BERT model
Ans. 
GPT is a generative model while BERT is a transformer model for natural language processing.
• GPT is a generative model that predicts the next word in a sentence based on previous words.

• BERT is a transformer model that considers the context of a word by looking at the entire sentence.

• GPT is unidirectional, while BERT is bidirectional.

• GPT is better for text generation tasks, while BERT is better for understanding the cont
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Q1. Difference between Data scientist, ML and AI
Ans. 
Data scientists analyze data to gain insights, machine learning (ML) involves algorithms that improve automatically through experience, and artificial intelligence (AI) refers to machines mimicking human cognitive functions.
• Data scientists analyze large amounts of data to uncover patterns and insights.

• Machine learning involves developing algorithms that improve automatically through experience.

• Artificial intelligence r...read more
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First round is coding round where two use cases are there. Need to solve them

Q1. They will all topics Statistics, SQL, Python, Machine Learning, Data Science
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Q1. They will discuss more on the projects what we worked on
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Q1. Salary Discussion
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