20+ Interview Questions and Answers

I would communicate openly with the client, provide updates on the progress, and discuss potential solutions to meet the deadline.

• Communicate proactively with the client about the delay

• Provide regular updates on the progress of the task

• Discuss potential solutions to meet the deadline, such as reallocating resources or extending the timeline

• Apologize for the delay and take responsibility for the situation

• Ensure that the client understands the reasons for the delay and the step...read more

Some design patterns in microservices architecture include Service Registry, Circuit Breaker, and API Gateway.

• Service Registry: Allows services to dynamically discover and communicate with each other.

• Circuit Breaker: Prevents cascading failures by failing fast and providing fallback mechanisms.

• API Gateway: Acts as a single entry point for clients to access multiple microservices.

• Event Sourcing: Stores the state of a system as a sequence of events.

• Saga Pattern: Manages long-ru...read more

The candidate is asked to write a program to find the number of appearances of a specific character in a given string.

• Use a loop to iterate through each character in the string and compare it with the target character.

• Keep a count of the number of times the target character appears in the string.

• Return the count as the result.

Using Java 8, find elements with occurrence more than one and separate even and odd index elements in an array of strings.

• Use Java 8 streams to group elements by their occurrence count and filter out those with count greater than one.

• Use Java 8 streams to filter elements at even and odd indexes in the array.

Method overloading is when multiple methods have the same name but different parameters. Method overriding is when a subclass provides a specific implementation of a method that is already provided by its parent class.

• Method overloading involves creating multiple methods in the same class with the same name but different parameters.

• Method overriding occurs in a subclass that provides a specific implementation of a method that is already provided by its parent class.

• Method ove...read more

Test cases are decided based on complexity, frequency, and stability of the feature. Automated tests are preferred for repetitive tasks.

• Complexity of the feature determines if manual or automated testing is required

• Frequency of execution is considered to decide if automation is needed

• Stability of the feature is also taken into account while deciding on manual or automated testing

• Automated tests are preferred for repetitive tasks to save time and effort

• Challenges faced in the ...read more

Code for overloading and sample code for OOPS concepts

• Overloading is when a function has the same name but different parameters

• Polymorphism is the ability of an object to take on many forms

• Inheritance is when a class inherits properties and methods from another class

• Encapsulation is the practice of keeping data and methods within a class

• Example: class Animal { void makeSound() { } } class Dog extends Animal { void makeSound() { bark(); } }

• Example: class Shape { void draw() { ...read more

Intermediate concepts in data science include machine learning, data visualization, and statistical analysis.

• Machine learning algorithms such as regression, classification, and clustering

• Data visualization techniques like scatter plots, histograms, and heatmaps

• Statistical analysis methods such as hypothesis testing, ANOVA, and regression analysis

Python code to calculate correlation between two features

• Import pandas library

• Use df.corr() method to calculate correlation between two features

• Specify the two features as arguments to the corr() method

Multithreading is a programming concept where multiple threads run concurrently within a single process.

• Allows for parallel execution of tasks

• Improves performance by utilizing multiple CPU cores

• Requires synchronization to prevent race conditions

• Examples: creating a GUI application with responsive UI, processing multiple requests simultaneously in a web server

I have handled various banking operations and possess knowledge of multiple banking systems.

• Handled customer transactions such as deposits, withdrawals, and transfers

• Processed loan applications and reviewed credit scores

• Managed account openings and closures

• Familiar with banking systems such as FIS, Fiserv, and Jack Henry

• Trained new employees on banking operations and systems

Software development life cycle is a process followed by software development teams to design, develop and test high-quality software.

• SDLC consists of several phases such as planning, analysis, design, implementation, testing, deployment, and maintenance.

• Each phase has its own set of activities and deliverables.

• The goal of SDLC is to produce high-quality software that meets customer requirements and is delivered on time and within budget.

• SDLC models include Waterfall, Agile, ...read more

Instrumented build includes additional code to collect data for analysis and debugging purposes.

• Instrumented build has additional code to collect data for analysis and debugging

• Non-instrumented build does not have this additional code

• Instrumented build may have a larger file size due to the additional code

• Non-instrumented build may have better performance due to the lack of additional code

Handling imbalanced data involves techniques like resampling, using different algorithms, and adjusting class weights.

• Use resampling techniques like oversampling or undersampling to balance the data

• Utilize algorithms that are robust to imbalanced data, such as Random Forest or XGBoost

• Adjust class weights in the model to give more importance to minority class

Outliers can be handled by removing, transforming, or imputing them based on the context of the data.

• Identify outliers using statistical methods like Z-score, IQR, or visualization techniques.

• Remove outliers if they are due to data entry errors or measurement errors.

• Transform skewed data using log transformation or winsorization to reduce the impact of outliers.

• Impute outliers with the median or mean if they are valid data points but extreme.

• Use robust statistical methods lik...read more

Product backlog is a list of all desired work on a project, while sprint backlog is a subset of the product backlog for a specific sprint.

• Product backlog includes all features, bug fixes, enhancements, and other work needed for a project.

• Sprint backlog is a subset of the product backlog selected for a specific sprint.

• Product backlog is constantly updated and prioritized based on business needs.

• Sprint backlog is fixed for the duration of a sprint and can only be changed with t...read more

OOP Concepts refer to the principles of Object-Oriented Programming, including encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism.

• Encapsulation: Bundling data and methods that operate on the data into a single unit (object)

• Inheritance: Allowing a new class to inherit properties and behavior from an existing class

• Polymorphism: The ability for objects of different classes to respond to the same message in different ways

JDK is Java Development Kit, which includes tools for developing Java applications. JIT is Just-In-Time compiler, which compiles Java bytecode to native machine code at runtime.

• JDK is a software development kit used for developing Java applications.

• JIT is a component of the Java Virtual Machine (JVM) that improves the performance of Java applications by compiling bytecode to native machine code at runtime.

• JDK includes tools such as javac (Java compiler), java (Java interprete...read more

Writing test cases involves identifying test scenarios, creating test data, executing tests, and documenting results.

• Identify test scenarios based on requirements and user stories

• Create test data to cover different scenarios and edge cases

• Execute tests manually or using automation tools like Selenium

• Document test results and any defects found for tracking and resolution

Use regular expressions to separate characters and numbers from a word.

• Use regular expression to match characters and numbers separately

• For characters: /[a-zA-Z]/g

• For numbers: /[0-9]/g

• Example: word = 'hello123', characters = ['h', 'e', 'l', 'l', 'o'], numbers = ['1', '2', '3']

Sprint 0 is the initial phase of a project where the team sets up the project environment and prepares for the upcoming sprints. A spike is a time-boxed research or exploration task to gather information or validate assumptions.

• Sprint 0 is used to set up the project environment, define the project scope, and plan the upcoming sprints.

• Sprint 0 may involve activities such as creating the project backlog, setting up development tools, and defining team roles.

• A spike is a focused...read more

Regression testing is the process of retesting modified software to ensure that the existing functionalities are not affected.

• Regression testing is performed after making changes to the software to identify any new defects or issues introduced.

• It helps ensure that the modifications or enhancements do not cause any unintended side effects.

• Regression testing can be done manually or using automated testing tools.

• It involves running a set of test cases that cover the critical fun...read more

Testing is the process of evaluating a system or component to determine if it meets the specified requirements.

• Testing is done to identify defects or errors in a system.

• It involves executing test cases and comparing the actual results with expected results.

• Testing can be performed at various levels such as unit testing, integration testing, system testing, and acceptance testing.

• Different types of testing include functional testing, performance testing, security testing, and ...read more

A database is a structured collection of data that is organized and managed for easy access, retrieval, and manipulation.

• A database is used to store and manage large amounts of data.

• It provides a way to organize and structure data for efficient storage and retrieval.

• Databases can be relational, hierarchical, network, or object-oriented.

• Examples of databases include MySQL, Oracle, MongoDB, and SQLite.