Cumulus Systems Information Security Analyst Interview Questions and Answers

SQL injection is a code injection technique that attackers use to exploit vulnerabilities in a database-driven application.

• SQL injection occurs when an attacker inserts malicious SQL code into a query, allowing them to manipulate or extract data from the database.

• It can lead to unauthorized access, data breaches, data manipulation, or even complete system compromise.

• To mitigate SQL injection, use parameterized queries ...read more

OWASP top 10 vulnerabilities are the most critical web application security risks.

• Injection flaws (SQL, NoSQL, OS)

• Broken authentication and session management

• Cross-site scripting (XSS)

• Broken access control

• Security misconfiguration

• Insecure cryptographic storage

• Insufficient logging and monitoring

• Insecure communication

• Using components with known vulnerabilities

• Insufficient attack protection

CSRF stands for Cross-Site Request Forgery, a type of attack where a malicious website tricks a user into performing an action on another website without their knowledge or consent.

• CSRF attacks exploit the trust that a website has in a user's browser

• Attackers can use CSRF to perform actions such as changing a user's password or making unauthorized purchases

• Preventing CSRF involves using techniques such as CSRF tokens a...read more

EDR is a proactive approach to threat detection and response, while antivirus is a reactive approach to threat prevention.

• EDR focuses on detecting and responding to threats in real-time, while antivirus focuses on preventing known threats from infecting a system.

• EDR uses behavioral analysis and machine learning to identify suspicious activity, while antivirus relies on signature-based detection.

• EDR provides more detail...read more

Port numbers for different protocols used in networking.

• HTTP - 80

• HTTPS - 443

• FTP - 20, 21

• SSH - 22

• SMTP - 25

• DNS - 53

• POP3 - 110

• IMAP - 143

• LDAP - 389

• RDP - 3389

XSS stands for Cross-Site Scripting. It is a type of security vulnerability that allows attackers to inject malicious scripts into web pages viewed by other users.

• XSS attacks can be mitigated by input validation and output encoding.

• Input validation involves checking user input for malicious code and rejecting it if found.

• Output encoding involves converting special characters to their HTML entity equivalents to prevent ...read more

SQL injection is a type of cyber attack where malicious SQL statements are inserted into an entry field to manipulate the database.

• SQL injection can be prevented by using parameterized queries

• Input validation and sanitization can also help mitigate this vulnerability

• Limiting database privileges and using least privilege principle can also help prevent SQL injection

• Regularly updating and patching the database software c...read more

XSS stands for Cross-Site Scripting. It is a type of security vulnerability that allows attackers to inject malicious scripts into web pages viewed by other users.

• XSS attacks can be mitigated by sanitizing user input and output

• Use input validation to ensure that user input is safe and does not contain any malicious code

• Encode user input before displaying it on a web page

• Use Content Security Policy (CSP) to restrict the...read more

SQL injection is a type of cyber attack where malicious SQL statements are inserted into an entry field for execution.

• Attackers can use SQL injection to gain unauthorized access to sensitive data or execute malicious code.

• To mitigate this vulnerability, input validation and parameterized queries can be used.

• Regularly updating software and using web application firewalls can also help prevent SQL injection attacks.

XSS stands for Cross-Site Scripting. It is a type of security vulnerability that allows attackers to inject malicious scripts into web pages viewed by other users.

• XSS attacks can be mitigated by input validation and output encoding.

• Input validation involves checking user input for malicious code and rejecting it if found.

• Output encoding involves converting special characters to their HTML entity equivalents to prevent ...read more