30+ Divum Corporate Services Interview Questions and Answers

Formic acid is an organic compound that is called acid but does not have a COOH group.

• Formic acid (HCOOH) is the simplest carboxylic acid and is commonly known as formic acid.

• It is called an acid because it can donate a hydrogen ion (H+) in solution.

• Formic acid does not have a COOH group (carboxyl group) like other carboxylic acids.

• It is a colorless liquid with a pungent odor and is found naturally in the venom of certain ants.

• Formic acid is used in various industries, includ...read more

The concentration of H2SO4 and HCl used in our laboratory varies depending on the experiment.

• Concentrations are determined based on the experiment's requirements

• We use a range of concentrations from dilute to concentrated solutions

• Examples include 0.1M HCl for titrations and 98% H2SO4 for digestion of samples

KBr is used in IR spectroscopy as a sample holder and diluent.

• KBr is transparent in the IR region

• It has low absorbance in the IR region

• It is easy to grind into a fine powder

• It is inert and does not react with most samples

• It has a low refractive index which reduces interference from the sample

• Examples of samples analyzed with KBr include polymers, oils, and organic compounds

The ionic product of water is 10^-14 because of the self-ionization of water molecules.

• Water molecules can self-ionize into H+ and OH- ions.

• The concentration of H+ and OH- ions in pure water is equal.

• The product of their concentrations is always 10^-14 at 25°C.

Flash distillation is a process of separating components of a mixture by heating it quickly and then cooling it rapidly. Types of distillations used in medicinal plants include steam distillation, solvent extraction, and hydrodistillation.

• Flash distillation involves heating a mixture quickly and then cooling it rapidly to separate its components

• Steam distillation is commonly used to extract essential oils from medicinal plants

• Solvent extraction involves using a solvent to dis...read more

The mechanical advantage of a double pulley is the ratio of the output force to the input force.

• A double pulley has two grooved wheels, allowing a rope or cable to pass through.

• The mechanical advantage is determined by the number of supporting ropes or cables.

• With a double pulley, the mechanical advantage is equal to the number of supporting ropes or cables.

• For example, if there are two supporting ropes, the mechanical advantage is 2.

Nitrogen is used in welding to prevent oxidation and improve weld quality.

• Nitrogen is an inert gas that does not react with the metal being welded, preventing oxidation and contamination.

• It creates a protective atmosphere around the weld, reducing the risk of defects and improving the overall quality.

• Nitrogen can be used in various welding processes such as TIG (tungsten inert gas) and laser welding.

• Other gases that can be used in welding include argon, helium, and carbon dio...read more

Equilibrium constant is a measure of the ratio of products to reactants at equilibrium.

• It is denoted by Kc or Keq.

• It is calculated by dividing the concentration of products by the concentration of reactants at equilibrium.

• It is a constant value for a given reaction at a given temperature.

• It helps in predicting the direction of a reaction.

• If Kc is greater than 1, the reaction favors the products. If Kc is less than 1, the reaction favors the reactants.

• If Kc is equal to 1, the ...read more

Thermodynamics is the study of energy and its transformations in systems.

• It deals with the relationship between heat, work, and energy.

• It focuses on the principles of energy conservation and entropy.

• Thermodynamics is used in various fields like engineering, physics, chemistry, and biology.

• Examples include the study of heat engines, refrigeration systems, and chemical reactions.

Mechanical engineers use various computer programs for design, simulation, and analysis.

• CAD software for designing and modeling mechanical components and systems

• Finite element analysis (FEA) software for simulating and analyzing stresses and deformations in mechanical structures

• Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software for analyzing fluid flow and heat transfer in mechanical systems

• Programming languages such as MATLAB and Python for data analysis and numerical simulations

• Pr...read more

The vital conditions of a perfect gas are state equation and constant specific heat.

• Perfect gas must satisfy state equation

• Specific heat should remain constant

• Examples: Ideal gas, real gas at low pressure and high temperature

Gate valves are used to control the flow of fluids by opening or closing a gate. There are several types of gate valves.

• Rising stem gate valve

• Non-rising stem gate valve

• Wedge gate valve

• Parallel gate valve

• Knife gate valve

• Slab gate valve

The two types of cooling towers are natural draft cooling towers and mechanical draft cooling towers.

• Natural draft cooling towers use natural air circulation to cool the water, with no mechanical fans.

• Mechanical draft cooling towers use mechanical fans to circulate air and cool the water.

• Examples of natural draft cooling towers include hyperbolic cooling towers, while examples of mechanical draft cooling towers include induced draft and forced draft cooling towers.

One disadvantage of supercritical boilers is their high cost.

• Supercritical boilers are expensive to manufacture and install.

• They require high-quality materials to withstand high pressures and temperatures.

• Maintenance and repair costs for supercritical boilers are also high.

• Supercritical boilers may have limited flexibility in terms of load changes.

• They require a longer startup time compared to subcritical boilers.

There are several types of brakes including disc brakes, drum brakes, regenerative brakes, and hydraulic brakes.

• Disc brakes use calipers to squeeze brake pads against a disc rotor to slow down or stop the vehicle.

• Drum brakes use brake shoes that press against the inside of a drum to create friction and slow down or stop the vehicle.

• Regenerative brakes convert the kinetic energy of the vehicle into electrical energy, which is then stored for later use.

• Hydraulic brakes use flui...read more

A perfect gas is an idealized model of a gas that meets certain conditions.

• The gas consists of a large number of tiny particles that are in constant random motion.

• The particles are assumed to have no volume.

• The particles do not interact with each other except through perfectly elastic collisions.

• The gas is assumed to be in a closed container.

• The temperature, pressure, and volume of the gas are related by the ideal gas law.

• Examples of perfect gases include helium and neon.

Calorific value is the amount of heat energy released when a unit mass of fuel is burned.

• Calorific value is measured in units of energy per unit of mass.

• It is used to compare the energy content of different fuels.

• Higher calorific value means more energy is released per unit mass of fuel.

• Examples of fuels with high calorific value include coal, natural gas, and diesel.

• Calorific value can be affected by factors such as moisture content and impurities in the fuel.

Telangana and Andhra Pradesh are known for the cultivation of various medicinal and aromatic plant crops.

• Turmeric

• Tulsi

• Mint

• Lemongrass

• Aloe Vera

• Ginger

• Coriander

• Fennel

• Rosemary

• Lavender

Engineering drawing is a visual representation of an object or structure, created using technical drawing techniques.

• Engineering drawing is used to communicate design and manufacturing information.

• It includes details such as dimensions, materials, and assembly instructions.

• Common types of engineering drawings include mechanical, electrical, and architectural drawings.

• Engineering drawings are typically created using CAD software or by hand.

• They are essential in industries like...read more

3D refers to three-dimensional, which is a representation of objects or environments that have height, width, and depth.

• 3D is a term used to describe objects or environments that appear to have depth and dimension.

• It is a visual representation that adds depth to a flat surface, creating a more realistic and immersive experience.

• 3D can be achieved through various techniques such as stereoscopy, computer graphics, or holography.

• Examples of 3D technology include 3D movies, virtu...read more

Ash is the residue left after the combustion of organic materials.

• Ash is the inorganic material that remains after the complete combustion of organic substances.

• It is typically composed of minerals, metals, and other non-combustible elements.

• Examples of ash include the residue left after burning wood, coal, or paper.

• Ash can vary in color and composition depending on the source material.

• It is commonly used as a fertilizer, in construction materials, or in the production of cer...read more

Torque is a measure of the twisting force that causes rotation.

• Torque is a vector quantity, meaning it has both magnitude and direction.

• It is calculated by multiplying the force applied by the distance from the axis of rotation.

• Units of torque are typically expressed in Newton-meters (Nm) or pound-feet (lb-ft).

• Examples of torque include the force applied by a wrench to tighten a bolt or the rotational force of an engine.

The endgred species of Russian Far East is the Amur leopard.

• The Amur leopard is a critically endangered species found in the Russian Far East.

• It is one of the rarest big cats in the world, with a population of less than 100 individuals.

• The Amur leopard is known for its beautiful coat, which features rosette-shaped spots.

• Its habitat is primarily in the temperate forests of eastern Russia, near the border with China and North Korea.

Calorific value is the amount of energy released when a substance is burned.

• Calorific value is measured in units of energy per unit of mass, such as joules per gram or calories per gram.

• It is used to determine the energy content of fuels, such as coal, oil, and natural gas.

• Higher calorific value means more energy is released when the fuel is burned.

• Calorific value can be affected by factors such as moisture content and impurities in the fuel.

• For example, the calorific value o...read more

A universal coupling is a mechanical device that connects two rotating shafts allowing them to move in any direction.

• It is also known as a universal joint or U-joint.

• It is commonly used in automobiles to connect the drive shaft to the transmission.

• It allows for the transmission of power between two shafts that are not in a straight line.

• It consists of a cross-shaped component with four bearings that allow for movement in any direction.

• It is designed to compensate for misalign...read more

Ash has various uses in different industries and applications.

• Ash is commonly used in construction as a substitute for cement in concrete production.

• It is also used in the manufacturing of bricks, ceramics, and glass.

• In agriculture, ash can be used as a fertilizer due to its high mineral content.

• Ash is used in the production of soap and detergents.

• It is utilized in the production of certain metals, such as aluminum and zinc.

• Ash can be used as a raw material in the production ...read more

Fibrinogen is not an adhesion protein.

• Adhesion proteins are involved in cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions.

• Examples of adhesion proteins include integrins, cadherins, selectins, and fibronectin.

• Fibrinogen is a soluble protein involved in blood clotting, not adhesion.

Phenol group contains one benzene ring.

• Phenol group has one benzene ring attached to a hydroxyl group (-OH).

• The benzene ring in phenol is responsible for its aromatic properties.

• Examples of compounds with phenol group include phenol itself, tyrosine, and salicylic acid.

The main types of coal used in India are lignite, bituminous, and anthracite.

• Lignite is the lowest quality coal with high moisture content and low carbon content.

• Bituminous coal is the most commonly used type in India, with medium carbon content and high calorific value.

• Anthracite is the highest quality coal with low moisture content and high carbon content, but it is less commonly used in India.

• India also imports coking coal for use in steel production.

Botanical names of plants and fruits are important for identification and classification purposes.

• Botanical name for apple is Malus domestica

• Botanical name for banana is Musa acuminata

• Botanical name for mango is Mangifera indica

• Botanical name for rose is Rosa

• Botanical name for tulsi is Ocimum tenuiflorum

Coal is a fossil fuel that comes in different types such as anthracite, bituminous, and lignite. It is prepared through mining, crushing, and washing.

• Coal is classified into different types based on its carbon content and energy output

• Anthracite is the highest quality coal with the highest carbon content

• Bituminous coal is the most commonly used type for electricity generation

• Lignite is the lowest quality coal with the lowest carbon content

• Coal is prepared through mining, crus...read more

To prepare a cis structure, one must consider the arrangement of atoms around a double bond.

• Identify the double bond in the molecule

• Ensure that the substituents attached to the double bond are on the same side of the molecule

• Use wedge-and-dash notation to show the spatial arrangement of atoms

• Cis isomer has similar groups on the same side of the double bond

• Example: In cis-2-butene, both methyl groups are on the same side of the double bond

The department is involved in molecular biology research and uses Rt-PCR for gene expression analysis.

• The department focuses on studying the molecular mechanisms of various biological processes.

• Rt-PCR is used to measure the amount of RNA in a sample and is commonly used for gene expression analysis.

• It is a sensitive and specific technique that allows for the detection and quantification of RNA molecules.

• Rt-PCR can be used to study the expression of specific genes in different...read more

Different instruments have different working principles depending on their design and purpose.

• Instruments like thermometers work based on the expansion and contraction of materials due to temperature changes.

• Microscopes use lenses to magnify and focus light to produce an enlarged image of a small object.

• Spectrophotometers measure the absorption or transmission of light by a sample to determine its properties.

• Electrocardiographs (ECGs) detect and record the electrical activity...read more

My future plan is to continue gaining experience and expertise in research, eventually leading my own projects and contributing to significant scientific advancements.

• Continue working as a Research Associate to gain more hands-on experience

• Pursue further education or certifications to enhance my skills and knowledge

• Network with professionals in the field to explore new opportunities

• Eventually lead my own research projects and make meaningful contributions to the scientific co...read more