Cognizione Consulting & Solutions Software Developer Intern Interview Questions and Answers

Round duration - 60 minutes
Round difficulty - Medium

Technical round with questions on DSA and OS.

Q1. 
LRU Cache Design Problem Statement
Design and implement a data structure for a Least Recently Used (LRU) cache that supports the following operations:
• get(key) - Retrieve the value associated with the...read more
Ans. 
Design and implement a Least Recently Used (LRU) cache data structure that supports get and put operations with a specified capacity.
• Implement a doubly linked list to keep track of the order of keys based on their usage.

• Use a hashmap to store key-value pairs for quick access and updates.

• When a key is accessed or updated, move it to the front of the linked list to mark it as the most recently used.

• When the cache reaches...read more
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Q2. 
Maximum of All Subarrays of Size K
Given an array of non-negative integers and an integer K representing the length of a subarray, your task is to determine the maximum elements for each subarray of size ...read more
Ans. 
Find the maximum elements for each subarray of size K in a given array.
• Iterate through the array and maintain a deque to store the indices of elements in decreasing order.

• Pop elements from the deque that are out of the current window.

• Keep track of the maximum element in each subarray of size K.

• Return the maximum elements for each subarray.
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Q3. What is virtual memory?
Ans. 
Virtual memory is a memory management technique that allows a computer to compensate for physical memory shortages by temporarily transferring data from RAM to disk storage.
• Virtual memory allows programs to use more memory than is physically available on the system.

• It helps in multitasking by allowing multiple programs to run simultaneously without running out of memory.

• Virtual memory uses a combination of RAM and disk...read more
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Round duration - 90 minutes
Round difficulty - Medium

Timing was around 10am
It was quite a normal online examination kind of environment 
People from the company were there to invigilate 
All were quite nice and helpful in case the exam got stuck

Q1. 
Ninja and Alien Language Order Problem
An alien dropped its dictionary while visiting Earth. The Ninja wants to determine the order of characters used in the alien language, based on the given list of wor...read more
Ans. 
Determine the order of characters in an alien language based on a list of words.
• Create a graph data structure to represent the relationships between characters in the words.

• Perform a topological sort on the graph to find the order of characters.

• Return the smallest lexicographical order of characters as the result.
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Q2. 
Check Duplicate Within K Distance
Given an array of integers arr of size N and an integer K, determine if there are any duplicate elements within a distance of K from each other in the array. Return "true...read more
Ans. 
Check if there are any duplicate elements within a distance of K from each other in the array.
• Iterate through the array and keep track of the indices of elements using a hashmap.

• For each element, check if it already exists in the hashmap within distance K.

• Return true if a duplicate is found within distance K, otherwise return false.
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Round duration - 30 minutes
Round difficulty - Medium

Timing was 2pm when it started
Interviewer was polite

Q1. 
Kth Largest Element Problem Statement
Ninja enjoys working with numbers, and Alice challenges him to find the Kth largest value from a given list of numbers.
Input:
The first line contains an integer 'T...read more
Ans. 
The task is to find the Kth largest element in a given list of numbers for each test case.
• Read the number of test cases 'T'

• For each test case, read the number of elements 'N' and the Kth largest number to find 'K'

• Sort the array in descending order and output the Kth element
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Round duration - 20 minutes
Round difficulty - Easy

Timing was 9 am onwards 
Interviewer was good enough