Cognizant
10+ Interview Questions and Answers
Q1. 1. Bais and variance trade-off 2. How to handle Imbalanced data? 3. What is Multicollinearity and how do you handle it? 4. Explain Lasso & Ridge? 5. Difference between Bagging and Boosting. 6. Explain K-Means c...
read moreQuestions related to data analysis techniques and methods.
Bais and variance trade-off: balancing model complexity and accuracy
Handling imbalanced data: resampling techniques, adjusting class weights, using different evaluation metrics
Multicollinearity: when predictor variables are highly correlated, can be handled by feature selection or regularization
Lasso & Ridge: regularization techniques to prevent overfitting by adding penalty terms to the loss function
Bagging vs Boostin...read more
Q2. Whom are you going to query when you have TP discrepant data
I would query the relevant stakeholders involved in the data collection process.
Identify the stakeholders involved in the data collection process
Reach out to them to understand the data collection process and identify any potential issues
Collaborate with them to resolve the TP discrepant data
Q3. How many queries were resolved in a day.
I don't have the available data to answer the question.
Q4. Tell me any one gentral topic to speach?
The importance of data-driven decision making
Data-driven decision making is crucial for businesses to stay competitive
It involves collecting and analyzing data to make informed decisions
Examples include using customer data to improve marketing strategies or analyzing financial data to make investment decisions
Data-driven decision making can lead to increased efficiency, cost savings, and better outcomes
However, it's important to ensure the data being used is accurate and rele...read more
Q5. What do you know about sql commands?
SQL commands are used to manipulate and retrieve data from relational databases.
SQL stands for Structured Query Language
Common SQL commands include SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, and DELETE
SQL commands are used to create, modify, and delete database objects such as tables, views, and indexes
Examples: SELECT * FROM customers; INSERT INTO orders (customer_id, order_date) VALUES (1, '2021-01-01'); UPDATE products SET price = 10.99 WHERE id = 1; DELETE FROM customers WHERE id = 1;
Q6. How many types of joints and describe
There are six types of joints in the human body, each with its unique structure and function.
Fibrous joints - immovable joints found in the skull
Cartilaginous joints - slightly movable joints found in the spine
Synovial joints - freely movable joints found in the limbs
Ball and socket joint - allows for a wide range of motion, found in the hip and shoulder
Hinge joint - allows for movement in one direction, found in the knee and elbow
Pivot joint - allows for rotational movement,...read more
Q7. Full forms for PV related terminologies
PV - Pharmacovigilance, PV - Present Value, PV - Photovoltaic
Pharmacovigilance (PV) - monitoring and assessing the safety of drugs
Present Value (PV) - current worth of a future sum of money
Photovoltaic (PV) - technology that converts sunlight into electricity
Q8. Regulatory agencies for different countries
Regulatory agencies oversee and enforce laws and regulations in different countries.
FDA (Food and Drug Administration) - United States
EMA (European Medicines Agency) - European Union
MHRA (Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency) - United Kingdom
TGA (Therapeutic Goods Administration) - Australia
Q9. Different classes of drugs?
Different classes of drugs include opioids, stimulants, depressants, hallucinogens, and cannabinoids.
Opioids: Examples include morphine, codeine, and oxycodone.
Stimulants: Examples include cocaine, amphetamines, and methylphenidate.
Depressants: Examples include alcohol, benzodiazepines, and barbiturates.
Hallucinogens: Examples include LSD, psilocybin, and MDMA.
Cannabinoids: Examples include THC and CBD.
Q10. How to transpose data set
Transposing a data set involves flipping rows and columns.
Identify the data set to be transposed
Create a new table with the columns and rows flipped
Copy the data from the original table to the new table
Transpose can be done using Excel, Python, R, SQL, etc.
Example: Transposing a table of sales data to have products as rows and months as columns
Q11. Difference in ADR,AE
ADR stands for Adverse Drug Reaction, while AE stands for Adverse Event. ADR specifically refers to reactions caused by drugs.
ADR is a reaction caused by a drug, while AE is a broader term that includes any unexpected or harmful reaction.
ADR is specifically related to drugs, while AE can include reactions to other factors such as medical devices or procedures.
Example: A patient experiencing nausea after taking a prescribed medication would be considered an ADR, while a patien...read more
Q12. Overview of CDM Experience in database
CDM stands for Common Data Model, used to standardize data for analysis. Experience in database management is crucial for data analysts.
CDM is a standardized, structured data model used to organize and analyze data from various sources.
Experience in database management is essential for working with CDM, as it involves storing, retrieving, and manipulating data.
Knowledge of SQL and database querying is important for extracting and analyzing data within the CDM framework.
Famili...read more
Q13. Difference between C and Java
C is a procedural language while Java is an object-oriented language.
C is compiled while Java is interpreted
C has pointers while Java does not
Java has automatic garbage collection while C does not
Java is platform-independent while C is not
Java has built-in support for multithreading while C does not
Q14. What is c++.
C++ is a high-level programming language used for developing system software, application software, and video games.
C++ is an extension of the C programming language.
It supports object-oriented programming concepts like classes, inheritance, and polymorphism.
C++ is used for developing operating systems, device drivers, and embedded systems.
It is also popular for developing video games and high-performance applications.
Examples of software written in C++ include the Windows op...read more
Q15. Give process outline
The process outline involves identifying the problem, collecting and analyzing data, and presenting insights and recommendations.
Identify the problem or question to be answered
Collect relevant data from various sources
Clean and preprocess the data
Analyze the data using statistical methods and tools
Visualize the data to identify patterns and trends
Present insights and recommendations to stakeholders
Q16. Defination of pv
PV stands for Present Value, a financial concept used to determine the current worth of a future sum of money.
PV is calculated by discounting the future cash flows by a certain rate of return.
It helps in making investment decisions by comparing the present value of future cash flows to the initial investment.
PV is used in various financial calculations such as net present value (NPV) and internal rate of return (IRR).
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