Clover Infotech MS SQL DBA Interview Questions and Answers

Q1. Explain locks and latches
Ans. 
Locks and latches are mechanisms used in database management systems to control access to data and ensure data integrity.
• Locks are used to control access to data by preventing multiple users from modifying the same data simultaneously.

• Latches are lightweight synchronization mechanisms used to protect data structures in memory.

• Locks can be of different types such as shared locks, exclusive locks, and update locks.

• Latche...read more
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Q2. Isolation level in DB
Ans. 
Isolation level determines how transactions interact with each other in a database.
• Isolation levels include Read Uncommitted, Read Committed, Repeatable Read, Serializable.

• Higher isolation levels provide more data consistency but may lead to more locking and potential performance issues.

• Example: Using Read Uncommitted isolation level allows reading uncommitted data, while Serializable ensures data integrity but may lea...read more
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Basic Apptitude. SQL & logic in

Very easy topic. You just need to have fluent English.

They took two GD as many people were selected

Q1. They asked basic and advanced SQL queries
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Q1. Explain locks and latches
Ans. 
Locks and latches are mechanisms used in database management systems to control access to data and ensure data integrity.
• Locks are used to control access to data by preventing multiple users from modifying the same data simultaneously.

• Latches are lightweight synchronization mechanisms used to protect data structures in memory.

• Locks can be of different types such as shared locks, exclusive locks, and update locks.

• Latche...read more
Answered by AI
Add your answer
Q2. Isolation level in DB
Ans. 
Isolation level determines how transactions interact with each other in a database.
• Isolation levels include Read Uncommitted, Read Committed, Repeatable Read, Serializable.

• Higher isolation levels provide more data consistency but may lead to more locking and potential performance issues.

• Example: Using Read Uncommitted isolation level allows reading uncommitted data, while Serializable ensures data integrity but may lea...read more
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Q1. The Architecture of SQL Server
Ans. 
The architecture of SQL Server involves components like storage engine, query processor, and buffer manager.
• SQL Server architecture consists of multiple components such as storage engine, query processor, and buffer manager.

• The storage engine manages data storage, retrieval, and modification.

• The query processor processes SQL queries and generates execution plans.

• The buffer manager is responsible for managing data cache...read more
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Q2. How to troubleshoot high CPU and Memory
Ans. 
To troubleshoot high CPU and Memory, monitor performance metrics, identify resource-intensive queries, optimize queries and indexes, check for memory leaks.
• Monitor performance metrics using tools like SQL Server Profiler, Performance Monitor, or DMVs.

• Identify resource-intensive queries using tools like SQL Server Management Studio or query execution plans.

• Optimize queries and indexes by rewriting queries, adding missin...read more
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Q3. Recent issues and resolution
Ans. 
Resolved recent issues related to database performance by optimizing queries and increasing server resources.
• Identified slow performing queries and optimized them by adding indexes or rewriting them

• Increased server resources such as CPU, memory, or storage to improve performance

• Implemented query caching or stored procedures to reduce load on the database server
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Q4. What is DAG, DNN and VNN
Ans. 
DAG stands for Directed Acyclic Graph, DNN stands for Deep Neural Network, and VNN stands for Virtual Neural Network.
• DAG is a graph with directed edges and no cycles, commonly used in data processing.

• DNN is a type of artificial neural network with multiple hidden layers, used in deep learning.

• VNN is a virtual neural network, a concept that may refer to a neural network implemented in a virtual environment.
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Q1. Salary discussion and shift acceptance
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