Cloudkaptan Consultancy Services Application Developer Interview Questions, Process, and Tips

Pillars of OOPs are four fundamental principles - Inheritance, Encapsulation, Abstraction, and Polymorphism.

• Inheritance: Allows a class to inherit properties and behavior from another class.

• Encapsulation: Bundling data and methods that operate on the data into a single unit.

• Abstraction: Hiding the complex implementation details and showing only the necessary features.

• Polymorphism: Ability to present the same interface

There are two types of constructors in Java: default constructor and parameterized constructor.

• Default constructor has no parameters and is automatically created by the compiler if no constructor is defined.

• Parameterized constructor takes parameters and is used to initialize the object with specific values.

Sort array in descending order, find 2nd smallest number without using inbuilt function.

• Iterate through the array and compare each element to find the smallest number.

• Then iterate again to find the second smallest number.

• Implement a sorting algorithm like bubble sort or selection sort to sort the array in descending order.

print() prints the output without moving to the next line, while println() prints the output and moves to the next line.

• print() does not add a new line character at the end of the output

• println() adds a new line character at the end of the output

• Example: System.out.print("Hello"); // prints Hello without moving to the next line

• Example: System.out.println("World"); // prints World and moves to the next line

Bubble sort repeatedly steps through the list, compares adjacent elements and swaps them if they are in the wrong order. Selection sort selects the smallest element from the unsorted portion and swaps it with the first unsorted element.

• Bubble sort has a time complexity of O(n^2) in worst case, while selection sort has a time complexity of O(n^2) in all cases.

• Bubble sort is stable, meaning it preserves the relative orde...read more