Chetu Software Engineer Interview Questions, Process, and Tips

Q1. What is mixin and describe with the example.
Ans. 
Mixin is a way to reuse code in multiple classes by including the code in another class.
• Mixin allows for code reuse by combining methods and attributes from multiple classes into a single class.

• It helps in avoiding code duplication and promotes modular design.

• An example of mixin is a class 'Logger' that contains logging methods and can be included in other classes to enable logging functionality.
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Q2. What is assests pipeline in rails.
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Assets pipeline in Rails is a feature that helps manage and compile assets like CSS, JavaScript, and images for a Rails application.
• The assets pipeline in Rails combines and minifies assets to improve performance.

• It allows for easy organization and management of assets in a Rails project.

• By default, Rails uses Sprockets as the assets pipeline to handle asset compilation and management.

• You can customize the assets pipel...read more
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Just you have need to clear on assessment

Here interviewer asked to you for some technical and coding questions according to your profile

Q1. Lifecycle hooks of angular
Ans. 
Angular lifecycle hooks are methods that allow you to tap into specific moments in the lifecycle of a component or directive.
• ngOnInit() - called after the component is initialized

• ngOnChanges() - called when the component's input properties change

• ngDoCheck() - called during every change detection run

• ngAfterContentInit() - called after content is projected into the component

• ngAfterContentChecked() - called after every ch...read more
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Q2. Dependency injection
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Q3. What are the directives ?
Ans. 
Directives are instructions given to a computer program to perform specific tasks or actions.
• Directives are used in programming languages to control the behavior of the program.

• They provide instructions to the compiler or interpreter on how to process the code.

• Directives can define variables, include libraries, enable or disable certain features, etc.

• Examples of directives include #include in C/C++, import in Python, o...read more
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Q4. What is pure pipe and impure pipe?
Ans. 
Pure pipe and impure pipe are concepts in Angular framework for data transformation.
• Pure pipe is a pipe that is stateless and doesn't modify the input data.

• Impure pipe is a pipe that can have side effects and modify the input data.

• Pure pipes are more efficient as they are only executed when the input data changes.

• Impure pipes are executed on every change detection cycle, even if the input data remains the same.

• Pure pip...read more
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Q1. Basic hr question
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Round duration - 60 Minutes
Round difficulty - Medium

This round had 2 coding questions where in I was first asked to explain my approach and then code the solution . After that , I was asked some more questions on OOPS and Java.

Q1. 
Find All Pairs Adding Up to Target
Given an array of integers ARR of length N and an integer Target, your task is to return all pairs of elements such that they add up to the Target.
Input:
The first line ...read more
Ans. 
The task is to find all pairs of elements in an array that add up to a given target.
• Iterate through the array and for each element, check if the complement (target - current element) exists in a hash set.

• If the complement exists, add the pair to the result. If not, add the current element to the hash set.

• Handle edge cases like duplicates and ensuring each pair is unique.

• Return (-1, -1) if no pair is found for a test ca
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Q2. 
Intersection of Linked List Problem
You are provided with two singly linked lists containing integers, where both lists converge at some node belonging to a third linked list.
Your task is to determine t...read more
Ans. 
Find the node where two linked lists merge, return -1 if no merging occurs.
• Traverse both lists to find the lengths and the difference in lengths

• Adjust the starting point of the longer list to match the length of the shorter list

• Traverse both lists in parallel until the nodes match, return the data of the matching node
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Q3. When can you use the 'super' keyword in object-oriented programming?
Ans. 
The 'super' keyword is used in object-oriented programming to access and call methods or constructors of a parent class.
• Used to call a method from the parent class that has been overridden in the child class

• Used to call the constructor of the parent class from the child class constructor

• Helps in achieving method overriding and constructor chaining
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Q4. What do you mean by data encapsulation?
Ans. 
Data encapsulation is the concept of bundling data and methods that operate on the data into a single unit or class.
• Data encapsulation helps in hiding the internal state of an object and restricting access to it.

• It allows for better control over the data by preventing outside interference.

• Encapsulation also helps in achieving data abstraction, where the internal details of an object are hidden and only the necessary in...read more
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Q5. What do you know about the JIT compiler?
Ans. 
JIT compiler stands for Just-In-Time compiler, which compiles code during runtime instead of ahead of time.
• JIT compiler improves performance by compiling code on-the-fly as it is needed

• It can optimize code based on runtime conditions

• Examples include Java HotSpot VM's JIT compiler and .NET's JIT compiler
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Round duration - 60 Minutes
Round difficulty - Medium

This round had 1 coding question related to Backtracking followed by some more questions from DBMS and SQL.

Q1. 
Rat in a Maze Problem Statement
You need to determine all possible paths for a rat starting at position (0, 0) in a square maze to reach its destination at (N-1, N-1). The maze is represented as an N*N ma...read more
Ans. 
Find all possible paths for a rat in a maze from source to destination.
• Use backtracking to explore all possible paths in the maze.

• Keep track of visited cells to avoid revisiting them.

• Recursively try moving in all directions (up, down, left, right) until reaching the destination.

• Return a list of strings representing valid paths sorted in alphabetical order.
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Q2. Can you explain the concept of ACID properties in DBMS?
Ans. 
ACID properties in DBMS ensure data integrity and consistency in transactions.
• ACID stands for Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, and Durability.

• Atomicity ensures that either all operations in a transaction are completed or none are.

• Consistency ensures that the database remains in a valid state before and after the transaction.

• Isolation ensures that multiple transactions can occur concurrently without affecting each oth...read more
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Q3. What are the different types of joins in SQL?
Ans. 
Different types of joins in SQL include inner join, outer join, left join, right join, and full join.
• Inner join: Returns rows when there is a match in both tables

• Outer join: Returns all rows when there is a match in one of the tables

• Left join: Returns all rows from the left table and the matched rows from the right table

• Right join: Returns all rows from the right table and the matched rows from the left table

• Full join:...read more
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Q4. What are constraints in SQL?
Ans. 
Constraints in SQL are rules and restrictions applied to columns in a table to enforce data integrity.
• Constraints ensure data accuracy and consistency in a database.

• Common constraints include NOT NULL, UNIQUE, PRIMARY KEY, FOREIGN KEY, and CHECK constraints.

• NOT NULL constraint ensures a column cannot have a NULL value.

• UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are unique.

• PRIMARY KEY constraint uniquely identifies...read more
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Round duration - 30 Minutes
Round difficulty - Easy

This was a typical HR round with some standard Behavioral questions.

Q1. Can you tell me something about yourself?
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Q2. Why should we hire you?
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Q1. Basic Angular question and Javascript
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2 Javascript program from Array