10+ Birlasoft Software Developer Interview Questions and Answers

The different bean scopes available in Spring are singleton, prototype, request, session, and application.

• Singleton scope: Default scope, only one instance per Spring container

• Prototype scope: New instance created each time bean is requested

• Request scope: Bean is created once per HTTP request

• Session scope: Bean is created once per HTTP session

• Application scope: Bean is created once per ServletContext

The Spring Bean Factory Container manages the life cycle of beans in Spring applications.

• Beans are created and initialized in the Spring context

• Beans can be configured to have different scopes like singleton, prototype, etc.

• Beans can have initialization and destruction callbacks defined

• Beans can be wired together using dependency injection

In Java, 'throw' is used to throw an exception explicitly, while 'throws' is used in method signature to declare the exceptions that the method can throw.

• throw is used to throw an exception explicitly within a method

• throws is used in method signature to declare the exceptions that the method can throw

• throw is followed by an exception object, while throws is followed by exception class names separated by commas

• Example: throw new Exception();

• Example: public void method() throws...read more

JRE is for running Java applications, while JDK is for developing and running Java applications.

• JRE stands for Java Runtime Environment and is used for running Java applications.

• JDK stands for Java Development Kit and is used for developing and running Java applications.

• JDK includes JRE, as well as development tools such as compiler and debugger.

• JRE does not include development tools, only the necessary components to run Java applications.

The layers of the IoT protocol stack include application, transport, network, link, and physical layers.

• Application layer: Handles data exchange between devices and applications. Examples include MQTT, CoAP.

• Transport layer: Ensures data delivery between devices. Examples include TCP, UDP.

• Network layer: Manages device addressing and routing. Examples include IPv4, IPv6.

• Link layer: Handles communication between directly connected devices. Examples include Ethernet, Wi-Fi.

• Physic...read more

The 'this' keyword in Java refers to the current instance of a class.

• Used to refer to the current object within a method or constructor.

• Can be used to differentiate between instance variables and local variables with the same name.

• Can be passed as an argument to other methods or constructors.

• Example: this.variableName = value;

Apache Spark supports several cluster managers including YARN, Mesos, and Standalone.

• YARN is the default cluster manager for Spark and is used for Hadoop-based clusters.

• Mesos is a general-purpose cluster manager that can be used with Spark, Hadoop, and other frameworks.

• Standalone is a simple cluster manager that comes bundled with Spark and is suitable for testing and development purposes.

Apache Spark is a fast and general-purpose cluster computing system.

• Distributed computing engine

• In-memory processing

• Supports multiple languages

• Machine learning and graph processing libraries

• Real-time stream processing

• Fault-tolerant

• Scalable

Spark is faster than MapReduce due to in-memory processing and DAG execution model.

• Spark uses in-memory processing while MapReduce uses disk-based processing.

• Spark has DAG (Directed Acyclic Graph) execution model while MapReduce has Map and Reduce phases.

• Spark supports real-time processing while MapReduce is batch-oriented.

• Spark has a higher level of abstraction and supports multiple languages while MapReduce is limited to Java.

• Spark has built-in libraries for SQL, streaming,...read more

RDD is a distributed collection of data while coalesce is a method to reduce the number of partitions in an RDD.

• RDD is immutable while coalesce creates a new RDD with fewer partitions

• RDD is used for parallel processing while coalesce is used for reducing the number of partitions

• RDD can be created from Hadoop InputFormats while coalesce is a method of RDD

• Example: rdd.coalesce(1) merges all partitions into a single partition

React is a JavaScript library for building user interfaces, known for its efficiency and flexibility.

• React allows for the creation of reusable UI components, making development faster and more efficient.

• It uses a virtual DOM to improve performance by only updating the necessary parts of the UI.

• React is popular for single-page applications and dynamic web interfaces.

• It is widely used in modern web development due to its declarative and component-based approach.

• React Native all...read more

RDD stands for Resilient Distributed Datasets in Pyspark, which are fault-tolerant collections of elements that can be processed in parallel.

• RDDs are the fundamental data structure in Pyspark.

• They are immutable and can be cached in memory for faster processing.

• RDDs can be created from Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS), local file system, or by transforming existing RDDs.

• Examples of transformations include map, filter, and reduceByKey.

• Actions like count, collect, and saveA...read more

JSX is a syntax extension for JavaScript that allows writing HTML-like code in React. Virtual DOM is a lightweight copy of the actual DOM used for efficient updates.

• JSX is a syntax extension for JavaScript used in React to write HTML-like code within JavaScript files

• Virtual DOM is a lightweight copy of the actual DOM used by React to improve performance by minimizing actual DOM updates

• JSX elements are transpiled into regular JavaScript function calls before being rendered to ...read more

Props are used to pass data from parent to child components in React. Virtual DOM is a lightweight copy of the actual DOM for efficient updates.

• Props are read-only and cannot be modified by the child component

• Virtual DOM is a concept in React where changes are first made to a lightweight copy of the actual DOM before being applied to the real DOM

• Virtual DOM helps in improving performance by minimizing the number of updates needed to the actual DOM

Print the Palindrome of a string

• Iterate through the characters of the input string in reverse order and append them to a new string

• Compare the original string with the reversed string to check if it is a palindrome

• Handle cases where the input string has spaces or special characters

Closures are functions that have access to variables from their containing scope even after the scope has closed.

• Closures are created when a function is defined within another function and has access to the outer function's variables.

• They can access variables from the outer function even after the outer function has finished executing.

• Closures are commonly used in JavaScript for data encapsulation and creating private variables.

SDLC architecture stands for Software Development Life Cycle architecture, which is a process used in software development to design, develop, and test software applications.

• SDLC architecture involves planning, designing, coding, testing, and deploying software applications.

• It helps in ensuring that the software development process is organized and efficient.

• Common SDLC models include Waterfall, Agile, and DevOps.

• Each phase of the SDLC architecture has specific goals and deli...read more