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Prim's algorithm is a greedy algorithm used to find the minimum spanning tree for a connected, undirected graph.
Start with an arbitrary vertex and grow the tree by adding the shortest edge that connects the tree to a vertex not in the tree.
Repeat until all vertices are included in the tree.
Example: Given a graph with vertices A, B, C, D and edges with weights, find the minimum spanning tree using Prim's algorithm.
Avaya is being affected by the recession in multiple ways.
The recession has led to a decrease in business spending, affecting Avaya's sales and revenue.
Companies are cutting back on investments in communication infrastructure, impacting Avaya's market demand.
Avaya may face challenges in securing financing for expansion or innovation due to the economic downturn.
The recession may also result in workforce reductions or c...
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Function to return mutual friends given two ids and getFriends(id) function
Call getFriends(id) for both ids to get their respective friend lists
Iterate through both lists and compare to find mutual friends
Return the list of mutual friends
Function to return list of friends of friends in decreasing order of mutual friends
Use a set to store all friends of friends
Iterate through the list of friends of the given id
For each friend, iterate through their list of friends and count mutual friends
Sort the set of friends of friends by decreasing number of mutual friends
Given time slots, find a specific time with maximum overlap. Prove solution.
Create a list of all start and end times
Sort the list in ascending order
Iterate through the list and keep track of the number of overlaps at each time
Return the time with the maximum number of overlaps
Prove solution by testing with different input sizes and edge cases
Find the longest sub-array with increasing order of integers.
Iterate through the array and keep track of the current sub-array's start and end indices.
Update the start index whenever the current element is smaller than the previous element.
Update the end index whenever the current element is greater than or equal to the next element.
Calculate the length of the sub-array and compare it with the longest sub-array found s
Find the length of longest increasing subsequence and print the sequence from an array of integers.
Use dynamic programming to solve the problem
Create an array to store the length of longest increasing subsequence ending at each index
Traverse the array and update the length of longest increasing subsequence for each index
Print the sequence by backtracking from the index with the maximum length
Time complexity: O(n^2)
Exam...
Code to find a given integer in a rotated sorted array.
Use binary search to find the pivot point where the array is rotated.
Divide the array into two subarrays and perform binary search on the appropriate subarray.
Handle edge cases such as the target integer not being present in the array.
Use a min-heap to keep track of the largest K numbers seen so far.
Create a min-heap of size K.
For each incoming integer, add it to the heap if it's larger than the smallest element in the heap.
If the heap size exceeds K, remove the smallest element.
At the end, the heap will contain the largest K numbers in the input.
LRU Cache is a data structure that stores the most recently used items and discards the least recently used items.
Use a doubly linked list to keep track of the order of items in the cache
Use a hash map to store the key-value pairs for fast access
When an item is accessed, move it to the front of the linked list
When the cache is full, remove the least recently used item from the back of the linked list and the hash map
I got to participate in a robotics competition at IIT
Designed and built a robot from scratch
Programmed the robot to complete tasks autonomously
Competed against other teams from different colleges
Learned valuable skills in engineering and teamwork
I chose IIT for its reputation and opportunities. No regrets. The environment is competitive and challenging.
IIT has a strong reputation for producing successful graduates
I was attracted to the opportunities for research and innovation
The academic environment is highly competitive and challenging
I have no regrets about my decision to attend IIT
A portfolio is a collection of investments. Risk can be measured through standard deviation, beta, or value at risk.
A portfolio is a combination of different investments such as stocks, bonds, and mutual funds.
The purpose of a portfolio is to diversify investments and reduce risk.
Risk can be measured through standard deviation, which measures the volatility of returns.
Beta measures the sensitivity of a portfolio to mar...
Beta is a measure of a stock's volatility. Value at risk is a statistical measure of potential losses. Formula for beta is Covariance(Stock, Market) / Variance(Market).
Beta measures a stock's sensitivity to market movements.
Value at risk is the maximum potential loss that an investment portfolio may suffer within a given time frame.
Beta formula is calculated by dividing the covariance of the stock and market returns by...
Covariance measures the relationship between two variables. It measures sensitivity by indicating the direction of the relationship.
Covariance is a statistical measure that shows how two variables are related to each other.
It measures the direction of the relationship between two variables.
A positive covariance indicates that the two variables move in the same direction.
A negative covariance indicates that the two vari...
WACC is the weighted average cost of capital. To value a company, one can use various methods such as DCF, comparables, or precedent transactions. A method to decide on project undertaking is NPV analysis.
WACC is the average cost of all the capital a company has raised
To value a company, one can use DCF, comparables, or precedent transactions
DCF involves projecting future cash flows and discounting them back to present...
I am impressed with the company's reputation and growth potential, and I believe my skills and experience align well with the job requirements.
I have researched the company and am impressed with its reputation and growth potential
I believe my skills and experience align well with the job requirements
I am excited about the opportunity to work with a talented team and contribute to the company's success
I have the necessary skills, experience, and passion to excel in this role.
I have a proven track record of success in similar roles.
I am a quick learner and adaptable to new situations.
I am passionate about this industry and eager to contribute to its growth.
I have excellent communication and teamwork skills.
I am committed to delivering high-quality work and exceeding expectations.
I would prioritize completing my current assignment and then discuss the transfer with my supervisor to ensure a smooth transition.
I would communicate with my supervisor to understand the urgency of the transfer
I would prioritize completing my current assignment to the best of my ability
I would discuss the transfer with my supervisor to ensure a smooth transition
I would try to complete as much work as possible before l...
A batsman can score a maximum of 264 runs in an ODI.
The maximum number of runs a batsman can score in an ODI is limited by the number of balls bowled and the number of boundaries hit.
The maximum number of balls bowled in an ODI is 300, assuming no extras are bowled.
If a batsman hits a boundary off every ball they face, they can score a maximum of 240 runs.
If a batsman hits sixes off every ball they face, they can score...
Solving two jug problems to obtain a specified amount of water using differently sized jugs.
Understand the capacity of each jug
Determine the amount of water needed
Fill one jug with water and pour it into the other jug
Repeat until the desired amount is reached
Use the remaining water in the larger jug to measure the remaining amount needed
Consider the possibility of multiple solutions
Solution to performing operations on a large array of bits.
Use bitwise operators to perform operations on individual bits
Use a loop to iterate through the array and perform the operations
Ensure that the array is large enough to accommodate all the bits
Consider using a data structure like a bitset for efficient bit manipulation
I was interviewed before Mar 2021.
Round duration - 60 minutes
Round difficulty - Easy
In first round they asked me 2 coding questions where he asked me to code as close as possible to the actual one.
Ninja is tasked with merging two given sorted integer arrays ARR1
and ARR2
of sizes 'M' and 'N', respectively, such that the merged result is a single sorted array w...
Merge two sorted arrays into one sorted array in place.
Use two pointers to compare elements from both arrays and place them in the correct position in ARR1.
Start from the end of ARR1 and compare elements from both arrays, placing the larger element at the end of ARR1.
Continue this process until all elements from ARR2 are merged into ARR1.
Given a document represented as an array/list ARR
of words with length N
, find the smallest distance between two given words for multiple queries. The distance is defined as the ...
Find the smallest distance between two words in a document for multiple queries.
Iterate through the document array to find the indices of the two words in each query.
Calculate the absolute difference between the indices to get the distance.
If a word from the query is not present in the document, return the length of the document array.
Repeat the process for each query and output the smallest distance for each.
Round duration - 60 minutes
Round difficulty - Easy
Then in the second round they asked a little about tree and told me to code 2 codes.
Given a binary tree of integers, return the level order traversal of the binary tree.
The first line contains an integer 'T', representing the number of te...
The problem requires implementing a function to return the level order traversal of a binary tree.
Implement a function that takes the root of the binary tree as input and returns the level order traversal of the tree.
Use a queue data structure to perform level order traversal.
Process each level of the tree one by one, starting from the root node.
Print the node values at each level in the order they appear from left to ...
Given an array of distinct positive integers ARR
and a non-negative integer 'B', find all unique combinations in the array where the sum is equal to 'B'. Numbers can be c...
Find all unique combinations in an array where the sum is equal to a given target sum, with elements in non-decreasing order.
Use backtracking to generate all possible combinations.
Sort the array to ensure elements are in non-decreasing order.
Track the current combination and sum while backtracking.
Terminate recursion when the sum equals the target sum.
Avoid duplicates by skipping elements that have been used in previou
Round duration - 30 minutes
Round difficulty - Easy
HR round with typical behavioral problems.
Tip 1 : Must do Previously asked Interview as well as Online Test Questions.
Tip 2 : Go through all the previous interview experiences from Codestudio and Leetcode.
Tip 3 : Do at-least 2 good projects and you must know every bit of them.
Tip 1 : Have at-least 2 good projects explained in short with all important points covered.
Tip 2 : Every skill must be mentioned.
Tip 3 : Focus on skills, projects and experiences more.
I was interviewed before Mar 2021.
Round duration - 60 minutes
Round difficulty - Medium
This was a online test round where I was given 3 DSA questions to be solved in 60 minutes.
You are provided with a number of stairs, and initially, you are located at the 0th stair. You need to reach the Nth stair, and you can climb one or tw...
The problem involves finding the number of distinct ways to climb to the Nth stair by taking one or two steps at a time.
Use dynamic programming to solve the problem efficiently.
The number of ways to reach the Nth stair is the sum of the number of ways to reach the (N-1)th stair and the (N-2)th stair.
Handle base cases for N=0 and N=1 separately.
Consider using modulo 10^9+7 to avoid overflow in calculations.
You are playing a coin game with your friend Ninjax. There are N
coins placed in a straight line.
Here are the rules of the game:
1. Each coin has a value associated wit...
The problem involves finding the optimal strategy to accumulate the maximum amount in a coin game with specific rules.
Start by understanding the rules of the game and how players take turns to choose coins.
Consider the scenario where both players play optimally to maximize winnings.
Iterate through different strategies to determine the best approach for selecting coins.
Keep track of the total winnings accumulated by eac...
Given an integer N
, your task is to create all possible valid parentheses configurations that are well-formed using N
pairs. A sequence of parentheses is considered w...
Generate all possible valid parentheses configurations using N pairs.
Use backtracking to generate all possible combinations of parentheses.
Keep track of the number of open and close parentheses used.
Add '(' if there are remaining open parentheses, and add ')' if there are remaining close parentheses.
Base case: when the length of the generated string is 2*N, add it to the result array.
Tip 1 : Must do Previously asked Interview as well as Online Test Questions.
Tip 2 : Go through all the previous interview experiences from Codestudio and Leetcode.
Tip 3 : Do at-least 2 good projects and you must know every bit of them.
Tip 1 : Have at-least 2 good projects explained in short with all important points covered.
Tip 2 : Every skill must be mentioned.
Tip 3 : Focus on skills, projects and experiences more.
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