Top 250 Software Testing Interview Questions and Answers

To handle browser popups in Selenium, switch to the popup window and perform actions, then switch back to the main window.

• Use getWindowHandles() to get all window handles

• Switch to the popup window using switchTo().window()

• Perform actions on the popup window

• Switch back to the main window using switchTo().window()

Yes, session handling is important in Selenium for maintaining user state and avoiding errors.

• Session handling helps maintain user state between requests

• It prevents errors caused by multiple users sharing the same session

• It allows for efficient use of server resources

• Examples include using cookies or URL rewriting to maintain session state

Localization testing is the process of verifying that a product or service is adapted to meet the language, cultural, and other requirements of a specific country or region.

• Localization testing ensures that the product or service meets the linguistic and cultural requirements of a specific region.

• It involves testing the product or service for language translation, date and time formats, currency, and other regional settings.

• Localization testing also includes testing for compl...read more

The role of a tester in software testing is to ensure the quality and functionality of the software.

• Identifying and documenting test requirements

• Creating test cases and test scenarios

• Executing test cases and reporting defects

• Performing regression testing

• Collaborating with developers and stakeholders

• Analyzing test results and providing feedback

• Participating in test planning and strategy

• Using various testing techniques and tools

• Ensuring adherence to quality standards and proces...read more

NFT in software testing stands for Non-Functional Testing, which focuses on the performance, usability, reliability, and other non-functional aspects of a software application.

• NFT includes testing aspects like performance testing, usability testing, reliability testing, scalability testing, and security testing.

• Performance testing involves evaluating the speed, responsiveness, and stability of the software under different load conditions.

• Usability testing focuses on the user-...read more

Testing cycle involves planning, designing, executing, and evaluating tests to ensure software quality.

• Planning phase involves defining test objectives, scope, and resources.

• Design phase includes creating test cases, test data, and test environment.

• Execution phase involves running tests, recording results, and reporting defects.

• Evaluation phase includes analyzing test results, identifying areas for improvement, and retesting.

• Iterative process where each cycle helps improve so...read more

Handle upload pop up in Selenium by using sendKeys method to upload file

• Use sendKeys method to send file path to the upload input field

• Make sure to handle any pop-ups that may appear during the upload process

• Verify the successful upload by checking for any success messages or elements on the page

Quality Assurance focuses on improving processes to prevent defects, while software testers focus on identifying defects through testing.

• Quality Assurance involves creating processes and standards to ensure quality in the software development lifecycle.

• Software testers focus on executing test cases to identify defects in the software.

• Quality Assurance is proactive in nature, aiming to prevent defects from occurring.

• Software testers are reactive, identifying and reporting defe...read more

To check if a property is already initialized in Selenium, you can use the 'isDisplayed' method.

• Use the 'isDisplayed' method to check if the property is visible on the web page

• If the property is visible, it is likely initialized

• If the property is not visible, it may not be initialized

A hotfix is a software patch or update that is released to fix a critical issue or bug in a software application.

• Hotfixes are typically released quickly to address urgent issues that cannot wait for the next regular software update.

• They are often targeted at specific problems or bugs reported by users or discovered during testing.

• Hotfixes are usually smaller in scope and size compared to regular software updates.

• They are designed to be applied easily and quickly without requi...read more

Accepted testing refers to the process of verifying and validating software to ensure it meets the specified requirements.

• Accepted testing involves testing the software against the requirements and specifications

• It includes functional testing, performance testing, security testing, and usability testing

• Testing should be done at different stages of the software development life cycle

• Examples of accepted testing tools include Selenium, JMeter, and Appium

Handling multiple windows in Selenium involves switching between windows and performing actions on each window.

• Use getWindowHandles() to get all window handles

• Switch to a specific window using switchTo().window(handle)

• Perform actions on the window

• Close the window or switch back to the original window

Test requirements should be analyzed by the test lead or a team of testers.

• The test lead should review the project requirements and identify the testing needs.

• The test lead should collaborate with the development team to ensure that the requirements are testable.

• The test lead should prioritize the testing requirements based on risk and impact.

• The test lead should document the testing requirements and communicate them to the testing team.

• The testing team should review and prov...read more

Client side testing is testing the application on the client side, while server side testing is testing the application on the server side.

• Client side testing involves testing the user interface, functionality, and performance of the application on the client side.

• Server side testing involves testing the server components, databases, and APIs of the application on the server side.

• Examples of client side testing include browser compatibility testing, usability testing, and sec...read more

Server side testing is done on the server side of an application to ensure its functionality, performance, and security, while client side testing is done on the client side to validate the user interface and user experience.

• Server side testing focuses on backend functionality such as database interactions, server APIs, and server performance.

• Client side testing focuses on frontend functionality such as user interface elements, user interactions, and browser compatibility.

• Exa...read more

get by role locator identification in playwright is used to locate elements based on their role attribute

• Used to locate elements based on their role attribute

• Helps in identifying elements with specific roles such as button, link, etc.

• Syntax: page.locator('role=value')

Selenium waits are used to synchronize the test script execution with the web application's response time.

• Selenium waits are used to handle synchronization issues in test automation.

• There are three types of waits in Selenium: Implicit, Explicit, and Fluent waits.

• Implicit waits wait for a certain amount of time before throwing an exception if the element is not found.

• Explicit waits wait for a certain condition to occur before proceeding with the next step.

• Fluent waits wait for...read more

API stands for Application Programming Interface. Bottom-up testing is a testing approach that starts from the lowest level of the software.

• API is a set of protocols, routines, and tools for building software applications.

• API allows different software applications to communicate with each other.

• Bottom-up testing is a testing approach that starts with testing the smallest and lowest level components of the software.

• Bottom-up testing is also known as unit testing.

• Examples of AP...read more

Upgradation testing is the process of testing an upgraded version of software or hardware to ensure its compatibility and functionality.

• It involves testing the upgraded version of software or hardware

• The purpose is to ensure compatibility and functionality

• It includes testing for data migration, backward compatibility, and performance

• Examples include upgrading an operating system, upgrading a database management system, etc.

Regression testing is retesting of previously tested functionality, while confirmation testing is testing to ensure a defect fix.

• Regression testing is performed to ensure that changes or fixes in the software do not introduce new defects or impact existing functionality.

• Confirmation testing is performed to verify that a reported defect has been fixed and no longer exists in the software.

• Regression testing focuses on the broader scope of the system, while confirmation testing ...read more

Waits in Selenium are used to synchronize the test script execution with the application's response.

• Waits are used to handle synchronization issues in Selenium

• There are two types of waits: Implicit and Explicit

• Implicit waits wait for a certain amount of time before throwing an exception

• Explicit waits wait for a certain condition to occur before proceeding with the test script

• Examples of explicit waits include: WebDriverWait, FluentWait

Test life cycle is a series of phases that a software testing process goes through, from planning to test closure.

• Test life cycle includes test planning, test design, test execution, and test closure.

• In test planning, test objectives, scope, and test strategy are defined.

• Test design involves creating test cases and test data.

• Test execution is the phase where tests are executed and defects are logged.

• Test closure includes test summary report, defect analysis, and lessons learn...read more

The order of Annotations in TestNG is @BeforeSuite, @BeforeTest, @BeforeClass, @BeforeMethod, @Test, @AfterMethod, @AfterClass, @AfterTest, @AfterSuite.

• Annotations are executed in the following order: @BeforeSuite, @BeforeTest, @BeforeClass, @BeforeMethod, @Test, @AfterMethod, @AfterClass, @AfterTest, @AfterSuite.

• Annotations are used in TestNG to perform actions before or after a test method or test class.

• For example, @BeforeMethod is used to perform actions before each test ...read more

Mobile app testing involves functional, performance, and compatibility testing on various devices and platforms.

• Test on different devices and platforms

• Check for compatibility with different OS versions

• Perform functional testing of all features

• Test for performance and speed

• Check for security vulnerabilities

• Perform usability testing

• Test for network connectivity and offline functionality

Write a test script for a given scenario in any suitable framework

• Identify the scenario to be tested

• Create test data if needed

• Write test steps using the chosen framework

• Execute the test script and analyze results

Test case for login functionality

• Enter valid username and password, verify successful login

• Enter invalid username and password, verify error message displayed

• Leave username or password field empty, verify error message displayed

I create test cases based on project requirements and use automation tools to test the projects.

• Identify test scenarios based on project requirements

• Create test cases for positive and negative scenarios

• Use automation tools like Selenium or Appium to execute test cases

• Analyze test results and report any issues found

RCA in testing stands for Root Cause Analysis, which is a process used to identify the underlying cause of a defect or issue.

• RCA helps in identifying the root cause of a problem rather than just addressing the symptoms.

• It involves investigating the defect, analyzing data, and determining the factors that led to the issue.

• By conducting RCA, QA engineers can prevent similar issues from occurring in the future.

• Example: If a software application crashes frequently, RCA would invo...read more

Quality Control in software testing refers to the process of ensuring that the software meets the desired quality standards.

• It involves reviewing and testing the software to identify defects and errors.

• It ensures that the software meets the functional and non-functional requirements.

• It involves creating and executing test cases to verify the software's behavior.

• It helps in improving the overall quality of the software and reducing the risk of failure.

• Examples of quality contr...read more

I faced challenges in automating test cases related to complex UI interactions and data setup.

• Handling dynamic elements on the UI by using XPath or CSS selectors

• Dealing with asynchronous behavior by implementing waits and retries

• Setting up test data in a consistent and reliable manner

• Resolving environment-specific issues by using configuration files

• Collaborating with developers to address bugs found during automation

Java elements in Selenium can be found using various methods like findElement, findElements, etc.

• Use findElement method to locate a single element in the DOM

• Use findElements method to locate multiple elements in the DOM

• Locate elements by ID, class name, name, tag name, xpath, css selector, etc.

QA is the process of ensuring quality, while quality is the degree to which a product meets customer requirements.

• QA is a process of preventing defects, while quality is a measure of how well a product meets customer requirements.

• QA is a proactive approach to quality, while quality is a result of meeting customer expectations.

• QA involves testing and identifying defects, while quality involves meeting customer needs and expectations.

• QA is a process of continuous improvement, w...read more

Testing is the process of evaluating a software application to identify defects or bugs.

• Types of testing include unit testing, integration testing, system testing, acceptance testing, and regression testing.

• Unit testing involves testing individual components or modules of the software.

• Integration testing checks if different modules work together correctly.

• System testing evaluates the entire system's functionality.

• Acceptance testing ensures that the software meets the user's r...read more

Selenium errors can be handled by identifying the root cause and using appropriate exception handling techniques.

• Identify the root cause of the error

• Use appropriate exception handling techniques such as try-catch blocks

• Use debugging tools like breakpoints to identify the issue

• Check for any changes in the application or environment that may have caused the error

• Update the Selenium version or browser driver if necessary

Different types of tests include unit testing, integration testing, system testing, and acceptance testing.

• Unit testing focuses on testing individual components or functions in isolation.

• Integration testing verifies that different components work together correctly.

• System testing tests the entire system as a whole.

• Acceptance testing ensures that the system meets the requirements and is ready for deployment.

Working with lists in Selenium involves locating elements, storing them in a list, and performing actions on them.

• Locate elements using findElements() method

• Store elements in a List

• Iterate through the list to perform actions on each element

• Example: List elements = driver.findElements(By.xpath("//ul/li"));

Testing documentation can be managed by creating clear and organized test plans, test cases, and test reports.

• Create a detailed test plan outlining the scope, objectives, resources, and schedule of testing.

• Develop clear and concise test cases that cover all possible scenarios and expected outcomes.

• Maintain version control of testing documentation to track changes and updates.

• Regularly review and update testing documentation to ensure accuracy and relevance.

• Use tools like test...read more

Estimating testing hours involves considering factors like project scope, complexity, resources, and past experience.

• Consider the project scope and requirements to determine the amount of testing needed.

• Take into account the complexity of the software being tested and the level of detail required.

• Factor in the availability of resources such as testers, tools, and environments.

• Use past experience and historical data to make an educated guess on the testing hours required.

• Adjus...read more

API stands for Application Programming Interface. It is a set of protocols, routines, and tools for building software applications.

• API is used to communicate between different software components

• It defines how software components should interact with each other

• API testing involves testing the functionality, reliability, performance, and security of APIs

• Examples of APIs include REST, SOAP, and GraphQL

Methods in Selenium are actions that can be performed on web elements to automate testing.

• findElement() - Locates a single web element on the page

• findElements() - Locates multiple web elements on the page

• sendKeys() - Enters text into an input field

• click() - Clicks on a web element

• getText() - Retrieves the text of a web element

STLC stands for Software Testing Life Cycle. It is a series of steps followed to ensure the quality of a software product.

• STLC involves planning, designing, executing, and reporting on tests.

• It includes phases like requirement analysis, test planning, test design, test execution, and closure.

• Each phase has specific goals and deliverables to ensure thorough testing of the software.

• STLC helps in identifying defects early in the development cycle, reducing costs and improving qu...read more

Controllers in JMeter are elements used to organize and structure test plans.

• Controllers are used to group samplers and other elements in JMeter test plans.

• There are different types of controllers such as Simple Controller, Loop Controller, If Controller, etc.

• Controllers help in organizing and managing the flow of requests in a test plan.

• Example: If Controller can be used to execute a sampler based on a condition.

Testing is crucial to ensure quality, identify defects early, and prevent issues in production.

• Testing helps identify defects early in the development process.

• Testing ensures that the software meets the specified requirements.

• Testing helps prevent issues in production and improves overall quality.

• Testing provides feedback to developers for continuous improvement.

• Testing helps build confidence in the software's reliability and performance.

Debugging UFT scripts involves identifying and resolving errors in the code.

• Use the UFT Debug Viewer to step through the script and identify errors

• Check the application under test for any issues that may be causing errors

• Use breakpoints to pause the script at specific points and examine variables

• Review the UFT log files for error messages and stack traces

• Use the UFT Object Spy to verify object properties and identify any issues with object recognition

Cypress is a JavaScript-based end-to-end testing framework for web applications.

• Cypress allows for easy setup and execution of tests

• It provides real-time reloading for faster test development

• Cypress has a built-in dashboard for easy test result analysis

• It supports both unit testing and integration testing

• Cypress can simulate user interactions like clicking, typing, and navigating

Exit criteria for a build to be released includes passing all test cases, meeting performance requirements, and approval from stakeholders.

• All test cases must pass

• Performance requirements must be met

• Stakeholders must approve release

• Documentation must be complete

• No critical bugs should be present

Static code analysis product testing involves analyzing source code without executing it to find potential bugs and security vulnerabilities.

• Static code analysis tools scan source code for potential bugs, security vulnerabilities, and code smells.

• Testing involves running the tool on sample code to see if it accurately detects issues.

• Test cases should cover a variety of programming languages, frameworks, and coding styles.

• Testers should verify that the tool provides accurate r...read more