Top 250 Software Development Interview Questions and Answers

The project is a REST API that provides a response to client requests.

• The project is built using a RESTful architecture.

• It provides endpoints for clients to interact with the server.

• The response format is typically JSON or XML.

• Examples of endpoints include /users, /products, and /orders.

The lifecycle of Activity and Fragments involves several stages from creation to destruction.

• Activity lifecycle includes onCreate(), onStart(), onResume(), onPause(), onStop(), and onDestroy() methods.

• Fragment lifecycle includes onAttach(), onCreate(), onCreateView(), onActivityCreated(), onStart(), onResume(), onPause(), onStop(), onDestroyView(), and onDetach() methods.

• Both Activity and Fragment can be in different states such as running, paused, stopped, or destroyed depen...read more

Workflow and Process Builder are tools in Salesforce that automate business processes without code.

• Workflow is a declarative automation tool that allows you to set up automated rules to perform actions based on certain criteria.

• Process Builder is a more advanced tool that allows you to create more complex processes with multiple criteria and actions.

• Both tools help streamline and automate business processes in Salesforce.

• Examples: Using Workflow to automatically assign a lead...read more

Developing programming thought for projects involves understanding requirements, planning, breaking down tasks, and iterative development.

• Understand the project requirements thoroughly

• Break down the project into smaller tasks

• Plan the overall structure and architecture

• Identify the necessary programming languages and tools

• Consider potential challenges and constraints

• Iteratively develop and test the code

• Document the code and maintain good coding practices

The process for registering XML Publisher Report

• Create a data model for the report

• Create a template for the report using RTF or XSL-FO

• Upload the template to the server

• Create a report definition using the data model and template

• Register the report definition with the XML Publisher server

SDLC stands for Software Development Life Cycle. It is a process followed to develop software applications.

• SDLC is a structured approach that consists of various phases such as requirements gathering, design, development, testing, deployment, and maintenance.

• It provides a framework for the development team to plan, build, and deliver high-quality software.

• There are different SDLC methodologies like Waterfall, Agile, and DevOps.

• Waterfall follows a sequential approach where eac...read more

Background process in UiPath is a process that runs in the background without user interaction.

• Background processes are used for automating tasks that do not require user input.

• They can run on a schedule or triggered by specific events.

• Examples include data extraction, report generation, and file manipulation.

The most used locators in automation testing are ID, class name, name, xpath, and CSS selector.

• ID: Unique identifier for an element

• Class name: Name of the class attribute of an element

• Name: Name attribute of an element

• XPath: Path of the element in the XML document

• CSS selector: Selector based on CSS attributes

Create a login screen with a 'Sign in with Google' button.

• Create a login screen with email and password fields

• Add a 'Sign in with Google' button that uses Google Sign-In API

• Handle authentication with Firebase Authentication

• Implement error handling for login process

The activity creator is used to create instances of an activity class in Android development.

• The activity creator is responsible for instantiating an activity class.

• It is typically used when starting a new activity from another activity.

• The activity creator can pass data to the new activity through intent extras.

• It is commonly used in the onCreate() method of the calling activity.

• Example: Intent intent = new Intent(this, SecondActivity.class); startActivity(intent);

I developed 3 APIs on my previous project.

• Developed 3 APIs for data retrieval, user authentication, and payment processing.

• Used RESTful architecture for API development.

• Integrated APIs with frontend and backend systems for seamless communication.

Agile and Waterfall are software development models used to manage projects.

• Agile is an iterative approach where requirements and solutions evolve through collaboration between self-organizing cross-functional teams.

• Waterfall is a linear sequential approach where each phase must be completed before moving on to the next.

• Agile is flexible and adaptable to changes, while Waterfall is rigid and inflexible.

• Agile is best suited for complex and uncertain projects, while Waterfall i...read more

My project is a mobile app that helps users track their daily exercise and nutrition.

• Ensure the app is user-friendly and intuitive

• Implement a secure login and authentication system

• Integrate with fitness trackers and nutrition databases

• Perform thorough testing and bug fixing

• Consider scalability and performance optimization

• Implement a monetization strategy for commercial use

SDLC has 6 phases: planning, analysis, design, implementation, testing, and maintenance.

• Planning: define project scope, objectives, and requirements

• Analysis: gather and analyze user requirements

• Design: create a detailed design of the system

• Implementation: develop and code the system

• Testing: verify that the system meets requirements

• Maintenance: make changes and updates to the system as needed

Introduce new API version without breaking the previous one.

• Use versioning in the API endpoint URL

• Provide documentation for both versions

• Gradually phase out the old version

• Use backward-compatible changes

• Test thoroughly before releasing the new version

Epic is a large user story that can be broken down into smaller user stories.

• Epics are high-level user stories that are too big to be completed in a single sprint.

• User stories are smaller, more specific tasks that can be completed in a single sprint.

• Epics can be broken down into smaller user stories to make them more manageable.

• In Azure DevOps, epics and user stories can be used to organize and prioritize work in a project.

Various problems can arise in running operations, such as logistical issues, staffing challenges, equipment failures, and customer complaints.

• Logistical issues: Problems with supply chain management, inventory control, or distribution.

• Staffing challenges: Difficulties in hiring, training, and managing employees.

• Equipment failures: Breakdowns or malfunctions of machinery or technology.

• Customer complaints: Dealing with dissatisfied customers, resolving issues, and maintaining c...read more

To reproduce a bug, follow the steps that led to the bug and try to recreate it consistently.

• Identify the steps that led to the bug

• Try to recreate the bug consistently

• Document the steps taken to reproduce the bug

• Test different scenarios to ensure the bug is not a one-time occurrence

Bugs are found through systematic testing, exploration, and experimentation.

• Performing various actions and combinations of actions in the game

• Testing different scenarios and edge cases

• Using debugging tools to identify issues

• Collaborating with other testers and developers to share findings

• Repeating tests to ensure consistency

• Documenting and reporting bugs with clear steps to reproduce

• Playing the game from the perspective of different types of players

• Staying up-to-date with ind...read more

After business rules run synchronously after a record is saved, while async business rules run asynchronously.

• After business rules are executed immediately after a record is saved.

• Async business rules are executed in the background, allowing the user to continue working.

• After business rules are useful for immediate actions or validations.

• Async business rules are useful for long-running or non-blocking tasks.

• After business rules can cause delays in saving records if they take ...read more

APM stands for Associate Project Manager.

• APM is a role in project management that involves assisting project managers in planning, organizing, and executing projects.

• APMs are responsible for coordinating project activities, monitoring progress, and ensuring timely completion.

• They may also assist in budgeting, resource allocation, and risk management.

• APMs often work closely with cross-functional teams and stakeholders to ensure project success.

• Examples of APM tasks include cre...read more

DevOps process involves continuous integration, delivery, and deployment of software.

• Developers and operations teams work together to automate the software delivery process

• Continuous integration ensures that code changes are frequently tested and integrated into the main codebase

• Continuous delivery ensures that the software is always in a releasable state

• Continuous deployment automates the release of software to production

• Tools like Jenkins, Git, Docker, and Kubernetes are co...read more

Android Studio is an Integrated Development Environment (IDE) for developing Android apps.

• Developed by Google

• Based on IntelliJ IDEA

• Includes tools for designing, coding, and testing Android apps

• Supports multiple programming languages

• Provides a virtual device emulator for testing apps

• Offers a wide range of plugins and extensions

Workflow monitors are tools used to track and manage the progress of tasks in a workflow.

• Workflow monitors provide real-time visibility into the status of tasks in a workflow.

• They can be used to identify bottlenecks and optimize workflow efficiency.

• Examples of workflow monitors include Apache Airflow, Jenkins, and AWS Step Functions.

Bug cycle is the process of identifying, reporting, fixing, retesting, and closing software bugs.

• Bug is identified by tester or user

• Bug is reported to development team

• Development team fixes the bug

• Bug is retested to ensure it is resolved

• Bug is closed if fixed successfully

The manifest file is a configuration file in SAP UI5 and Fiori applications that defines the metadata and settings of the application.

• The manifest file is written in JSON format.

• It contains information about the application's resources, such as the title, description, icons, and version.

• It defines the application's entry point, routing configuration, and dependencies on libraries and components.

• The manifest file also includes settings for the application's user interface, suc...read more

To resolve a production issue with no clue, follow a systematic troubleshooting approach.

• Start by gathering information about the issue, such as error messages, logs, and user reports.

• Analyze the available data to identify any patterns or commonalities that could help pinpoint the root cause.

• Review recent changes or deployments that might have introduced the issue.

• Consider reaching out to colleagues or experts for their insights and suggestions.

• If necessary, replicate the iss...read more

BDD background keyword is used to define common preconditions for all scenarios in a feature file.

• Used at the beginning of a feature file to define common preconditions

• Helps in setting up the initial state for all scenarios in the feature file

• Reduces duplication of steps in scenarios by defining them once in the background

To handle application downtime, it is important to have a plan in place to quickly identify and resolve the issue.

• Implement monitoring tools to detect downtime as soon as possible

• Have a documented incident response plan outlining steps to take during downtime

• Utilize redundancy and failover systems to minimize impact on users

• Communicate with stakeholders about the downtime and provide updates on the resolution progress

Bug leakage refers to bugs that are not identified during testing and are released to production.

• Bug leakage occurs when bugs are missed during testing and are found by users after the software is released.

• It can happen due to inadequate test coverage, lack of proper testing techniques, or miscommunication between teams.

• Examples include critical bugs in a mobile app that were not caught during testing and are discovered by users after the app is live.

Maven is a build automation tool used primarily for Java projects.

• Maven uses a Project Object Model (POM) to manage dependencies and build process

• It can download required dependencies automatically from a central repository

• Maven can also generate reports and documentation for the project

• Example: mvn clean install command builds and packages the project

• Example: pom.xml file contains project configuration and dependencies

To instantiate the Chrome driver, create an instance of the ChromeDriver class.

• Import the necessary libraries

• Create an instance of the ChromeDriver class

• Set the path to the ChromeDriver executable if necessary

• Maximize the browser window if required

A mobile app should be designed with user-centric approach, intuitive UI, and seamless navigation.

• Identify the target audience and their needs

• Create a user flow and wireframes

• Design an intuitive UI with easy navigation

• Ensure the app is responsive and compatible with different devices

• Test the app thoroughly before launch

• Incorporate user feedback for continuous improvement

To find code performance issues in production, use monitoring tools and profiling techniques.

• Use monitoring tools like New Relic, AppDynamics, or Datadog to track performance metrics and identify bottlenecks.

• Use profiling techniques like CPU profiling, memory profiling, and network profiling to pinpoint specific areas of the code that are causing performance issues.

• Analyze logs and error messages to identify patterns and potential performance issues.

• Perform load testing and s...read more

Docker is a containerization platform that allows you to package and run applications in isolated environments.

• Docker is an open-source platform that automates the deployment, scaling, and management of applications.

• It uses containerization technology to create lightweight, portable, and self-sufficient containers.

• Docker images are built using Dockerfiles, which are text files that contain instructions for building the image.

• The 'docker build' command is used to build Docker ...read more

I have used various logging methodologies including centralized logging, structured logging, and event logging.

• Centralized logging using tools like ELK stack and Splunk

• Structured logging using libraries like Serilog and log4net

• Event logging using Windows Event Viewer and Syslog

• Custom logging solutions using database or file storage

• Logging for performance monitoring and debugging purposes

The Tred lifecycle refers to the stages involved in the testing and development of a software product.

• Tred lifecycle includes requirements gathering, test planning, test execution, defect tracking, and test closure.

• It ensures that the software meets the specified requirements and is free from defects.

• Examples of activities in the Tred lifecycle include creating test cases, executing tests, and analyzing test results.

• It is an iterative process that may involve multiple cycles ...read more

SOLID Principle is a set of five design principles in object-oriented programming to make software designs more understandable, flexible, and maintainable.

• S - Single Responsibility Principle: A class should have only one reason to change.

• O - Open/Closed Principle: Software entities should be open for extension but closed for modification.

• L - Liskov Substitution Principle: Objects of a superclass should be replaceable with objects of its subclasses without affecting the functi...read more

Yes, I have used custom middlewares in my projects to handle authentication, logging, error handling, etc.

• Used custom middleware for authentication to verify user credentials before accessing protected routes

• Implemented logging middleware to log requests, responses, and errors for debugging purposes

• Created error handling middleware to catch and handle errors in a centralized way

• Customized middleware for rate limiting to prevent abuse of API endpoints

Code reviews are done through a systematic process of reviewing code changes made by developers.

• Establish clear guidelines and standards for code reviews

• Assign reviewers who are knowledgeable in the relevant programming language and technology

• Use tools like GitHub or Bitbucket to facilitate the review process

• Provide constructive feedback to developers to improve code quality

• Ensure that all code changes are thoroughly tested before being merged into the main branch

A photo viewer app for Android devices.

• Use RecyclerView to display a grid of photos

• Implement a caching mechanism to improve performance

• Support gestures for zooming and swiping between photos

• Integrate with a cloud storage service for photo storage and retrieval

• Implement a search feature to allow users to find specific photos

Yes, I have skills in software.

• Proficient in using Microsoft Office Suite

• Familiar with inventory management software

• Experience in using point-of-sale systems

• Knowledge of customer relationship management (CRM) software

RCA stands for Root Cause Analysis. There are various methods of RCA including 5 Whys, Fishbone Diagram, Fault Tree Analysis, and Pareto Analysis.

• Root Cause Analysis (RCA) is a systematic process for identifying the underlying causes of problems or incidents.

• Types of RCA methods include 5 Whys, Fishbone Diagram, Fault Tree Analysis, and Pareto Analysis.

• 5 Whys involves asking 'why' multiple times to get to the root cause of a problem.

• Fishbone Diagram (Ishikawa diagram) visuall...read more

To beat technical problems related to costing, it is important to have a strong understanding of the technical aspects and use effective strategies.

• Develop a strong knowledge of costing techniques and methodologies

• Stay updated with the latest technological advancements in costing software and tools

• Implement effective cost control measures to minimize technical problems

• Regularly analyze and review costing processes to identify and resolve technical issues

• Collaborate with cross...read more

Document types in my project include requirements, design documents, test cases, and user manuals.

• Requirements documents outline the project's goals and objectives.

• Design documents describe the system architecture and design.

• Test cases document the testing process and expected results.

• User manuals provide instructions for end-users.

SDLC is a process followed by software development teams to design, develop and test high-quality software.

• SDLC stands for Software Development Life Cycle

• It includes planning, designing, coding, testing, and maintenance of software

• It ensures that the software is developed efficiently and meets the requirements of the stakeholders

• Examples of SDLC models are Waterfall, Agile, and DevOps

To develop in a bank, one must focus on gaining relevant education, acquiring experience, building a strong network, and staying updated on industry trends.

• Obtain a degree in finance, economics, or related field

• Gain experience through internships or entry-level positions

• Build a strong network by attending industry events and connecting with professionals

• Stay updated on industry trends and regulations through continuous learning and professional development

• Consider pursuing ce...read more