30+ Selenium Automation Interview Questions and Answers

Questions related to Selenium Automation and software testing

• To remove duplicate characters in a string, use a loop and a hashset

• To perform operations on specific buttons for a user, use conditional statements

• To switch to a particular tab, use the window handle

• 500 error code in Postman validation indicates a bad request

• Primary key is a unique identifier for a record in a database

• Roles and responsibilities in a project depend on the project and team

No, the two login buttons should not have the same ID.

• IDs should be unique for each element on a page

• Having two elements with the same ID can cause issues with locating and interacting with the elements

To retrieve all values from a drop down, we can use the getOptions() method and store the values in an array of strings.

• Locate the drop down element using any of the locators

• Create a Select class object by passing the drop down element as a parameter

• Use the getOptions() method to retrieve all the options from the drop down

• Store the options in an array of strings

Use TestNG or JUnit framework to generate step execution report/result.

• Use TestNG or JUnit annotations to mark the start and end of each test step.

• Use TestNG or JUnit listeners to capture the test results and generate the report.

• Use reporting libraries like ExtentReports or ReportNG to generate detailed reports with screenshots and logs.

To switch to the second window using page title, we can use getWindowHandles() and switchTo() methods.

• Use getWindowHandles() method to get all the window handles

• Iterate through the window handles and switch to the desired window using switchTo() method

• Use getTitle() method to get the title of each window and compare it with the desired title

Answering questions related to Selenium Automation

• Types of xpaths: Absolute and Relative

• Project structure: Follows a modular approach

• Cucumber dry run option: Used to check feature file syntax

• Testing basic annotations: @Test, @BeforeTest, @AfterTest

• Difference between interface and abstract class: Interface has only method declarations, abstract class has both method declarations and implementations

• Concepts of OOPS: Inheritance, Polymorphism, Encapsulation, Abstraction

To handle multiple popups in Selenium, we can use getWindowHandles() and switchTo() methods.

• Use getWindowHandles() method to get all the window handles

• Switch to the desired window using switchTo() method

• Perform actions on the popup window

• Switch back to the main window using switchTo() method

Collections like ArrayList, HashMap, HashSet are commonly used in Selenium framework.

• ArrayList is used to store a list of elements

• HashMap is used to store key-value pairs

• HashSet is used to store unique elements

• Collections class is used for sorting and searching

There is no such thing as 'mother of all classes' in Selenium Automation.

• There is no concept of 'mother of all classes' in Selenium Automation.

• It is possible that the interviewer is asking a trick question or trying to test the candidate's knowledge.

• The candidate should politely ask for clarification or context before attempting to answer.

• If the interviewer insists on an answer, the candidate can explain that there is no such thing and provide examples of important classes in...read more

A simple Java program is a standalone program while a Maven project is a build automation tool.

• A simple Java program is compiled and executed using the command line or an IDE.

• A Maven project uses a pom.xml file to manage dependencies and build the project.

• A simple Java program may require manual management of dependencies.

• A Maven project can easily manage dependencies and build the project with a single command.

• A simple Java program may not have a defined project structure.

• A ...read more

To scroll page to desired location, use JavaScriptExecutor and scrollTo() method.

• Create an instance of JavaScriptExecutor

• Use executeScript() method to execute scrollTo() method

• Pass the desired location as arguments to scrollTo() method

• Example: ((JavascriptExecutor) driver).executeScript("window.scrollTo(0, document.body.scrollHeight)");

Explicit wait waits for a specific condition while Fluent wait waits for a condition with polling interval.

• Explicit wait waits for a specific condition to occur before proceeding further

• Fluent wait waits for a condition with a polling interval and ignores exceptions

• Explicit wait is used when we know the condition and the maximum time to wait for it

• Fluent wait is used when we don't know the maximum time to wait for a condition

• Example of explicit wait: WebDriverWait wait = new ...read more

To initialize Chrome driver, create an instance of ChromeDriver class.

• Create an instance of ChromeDriver class

• Set the path of ChromeDriver executable file

• Use the instance to interact with the browser

WebDriver is a tool for automating web applications. WebElement is an interface representing an HTML element.

• WebDriver is a browser automation tool used to control the browser and interact with web elements

• WebElement is an interface representing an HTML element on a web page

• WebDriver interacts with web elements using the WebElement interface

• Examples of web elements include buttons, text fields, and links

Tags are used in Cucumber to organize and filter scenarios and features.

• Tags allow for easy organization of scenarios and features based on their purpose or functionality.

• Tags can be used to filter which scenarios or features are run during a test.

• Tags can be added to scenarios or features using the '@' symbol followed by the tag name.

• Tags can also be used to pass parameters to step definitions.

• Examples: @smoke, @regression, @login, @api, etc.

Constructors are special methods that are used to initialize objects in a class.

• Constructors have the same name as the class.

• They are called automatically when an object is created.

• They can be used to set default values for object properties.

• Constructors can be overloaded to accept different parameters.

• Example: public class Car { public Car() { // constructor code here } }

To disable a test, we can comment out the test code or use testNG annotations.

• Comment out the test code

• Use testNG annotations like @Test(enabled=false)

• Use testNG XML file to disable the test

• Use groups to disable a set of tests

TestNG is more advanced and flexible than JUnit, with features like parallel testing and data-driven testing.

• TestNG supports parallel testing while JUnit does not.

• TestNG allows for data-driven testing while JUnit does not.

• TestNG has more advanced annotations and reporting features than JUnit.

• TestNG can be used with both Java and non-Java languages while JUnit is only for Java.

• JUnit is simpler and easier to learn than TestNG.

A super interface in Selenium WebDriver is an interface that extends multiple interfaces.

• A super interface allows a class to inherit methods and variables from multiple interfaces.

• It provides a way to achieve multiple inheritance in Java.

• For example, the WebDriver interface is a super interface that extends multiple interfaces like SearchContext and TakesScreenshot.

Expected conditions are pre-defined conditions that can be used to wait for a certain state or element in Selenium.

• ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable() - waits for an element to be clickable

• ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated() - waits for an element to be visible

• ExpectedConditions.titleContains() - waits for the page title to contain a certain text

There are several reporting tools available for Selenium WebDriver.

• TestNG

• JUnit

• ExtentReports

• Allure Reports

• Custom reporting using log4j or Apache log4j

Locators are used in Selenium Automation to identify elements on a web page.

• ID Locator: Uses the 'id' attribute of an element

• Name Locator: Uses the 'name' attribute of an element

• Class Name Locator: Uses the 'class' attribute of an element

• Tag Name Locator: Uses the HTML tag name of an element

• Link Text Locator: Uses the text of a link element

• Partial Link Text Locator: Uses a partial text of a link element

• CSS Selector Locator: Uses CSS selectors to identify elements

• XPath Locator...read more

To wait for file loading in Selenium Automation, we can use explicit wait or thread.sleep() method.

• Explicit wait is used to wait for a specific condition to occur before proceeding with the next step.

• Thread.sleep() method is used to pause the execution for a specified amount of time.

• We can also use the ExpectedConditions class to wait for a file to be loaded.

• Waiting for a file to be loaded is important to ensure that the file is available for further processing.

Multi-window handling in Selenium involves managing multiple browser windows or tabs during automation testing.

• Use driver.getWindowHandles() to get all window handles.

• Switch to a specific window using driver.switchTo().window(windowHandle).

• To close a window, use driver.close() and switch back to the original window.

• Example: After opening a new tab, switch back to the main window using driver.switchTo().window(originalWindowHandle).

Priority in TestNG determines the order in which test methods are executed.

• Priority can be set using the 'priority' attribute in @Test annotation

• Default priority is 0, higher priority is executed first

• Priority can be negative as well

• If two methods have the same priority, they are executed in alphabetical order

Waits are used to synchronize the test execution with the application's response.

• Implicit Wait

• Explicit Wait

• Fluent Wait

• Thread.sleep()

• WebDriverWait

Selenium waits are crucial for handling dynamic web elements during automation testing.

• Implicit Wait: Sets a default wait time for the entire session. Example: driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);

• Explicit Wait: Waits for a specific condition to occur before proceeding. Example: WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 10); wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOf(element));

• Fluent Wait: Similar to explicit wait but allows polling at regular ...read more