1500+ Quality Engineer Interview Questions and Answers

Verification ensures the software is built right, while validation ensures the right software is built.

• Verification involves checking if the software meets the specified requirements.

• Validation involves checking if the software meets the user's needs and expectations.

• Verification is done through reviews, walkthroughs, and inspections.

• Validation is done through testing like functional testing, usability testing, etc.

• Example: Verification would involve checking if a login page ...read more

Quality instruments are tools used to measure and monitor the quality of products or processes.

• Calipers: used to measure dimensions of objects

• Micrometers: used for precise measurements

• Gauges: used to check the accuracy of measurements

• Spectrophotometers: used to measure color and light intensity

• CMM (Coordinate Measuring Machine): used for dimensional measurements

• Force gauges: used to measure force or tension

• Tensiometers: used to measure surface tension of liquids

• Thermometers: ...read more

If module temperature increases, it can lead to reduced efficiency, increased stress on components, and potential failure.

• Increased temperature can cause a decrease in the efficiency of the module.

• Higher temperatures can lead to increased stress on components, potentially reducing their lifespan.

• Excessive heat can cause thermal expansion and contraction, which may result in mechanical failure.

• Increased temperature can also affect the performance of electrical connections and ...read more

Water absorption in bricks depends on various factors such as composition, porosity, and manufacturing process.

• Water absorption in bricks is measured as a percentage of the weight of dry brick that absorbs water.

• The water absorption rate of bricks can vary from 5% to 20% depending on their quality.

• Bricks with higher water absorption rates are generally less durable and more prone to damage.

• Factors affecting water absorption include the type of clay used, firing temperature, a...read more

NCR stands for Non-Conformance Report. It is a document used to record and track quality issues in a product or process.

• NCR is used to document any deviation from the required specifications or standards.

• It includes details such as the nature of the non-conformance, its location, and the corrective action taken.

• The closing process involves verifying that the corrective action has been effective and the non-conformance has been resolved.

• NCRs are important for identifying and a...read more

Incoming quality ensures that materials and components meet the required standards before being used in production.

• Incoming quality is the process of inspecting and testing materials and components upon arrival at a manufacturing facility.

• The purpose is to ensure that the materials and components meet the required specifications and standards.

• It helps in preventing defects, non-conformities, and quality issues in the final products.

• By identifying and addressing quality issues...read more

In a part, multiple specifications are measured to ensure quality and compliance.

• Multiple specifications such as dimensions, material composition, surface finish, and functionality are measured in a part.

• Each specification has its own tolerance limits that must be met for the part to be considered acceptable.

• Examples of measurements include length, width, thickness, hardness, tensile strength, and corrosion resistance.

To reduce the rating of FMEA, focus on improving the severity, occurrence, and detection ratings. Cp and CPK are used to measure process capability.

• To reduce FMEA rating, address high severity issues first

• Implement controls to reduce the likelihood of high occurrence failure modes

• Enhance detection methods to catch potential issues early

• Calculate Cp and CPK to assess process capability and make improvements as needed

To stitch a zigzag line using a machine, adjust the stitch width and length and guide the fabric through the machine.

• Set the machine to zigzag stitch mode

• Adjust the stitch width and length according to the fabric and desired outcome

• Guide the fabric through the machine, keeping it straight and even

• Practice on scrap fabric before stitching on the final project

Single line diagram shows the electrical connections between generating stations and substations.

• Single line diagram is a simplified representation of the electrical system.

• It shows the flow of electricity from the generating station to the substation.

• It includes transformers, circuit breakers, and other electrical equipment.

• The diagram helps in understanding the electrical system and identifying potential issues.

• Example: A generating station may be connected to multiple subs...read more

The core tools for a Quality Engineer are FMEA, Control Plan, SPC, PPAP, MSA, and APQP.

• FMEA (Failure Mode and Effects Analysis) to identify and prevent potential failures

• Control Plan to document and control the process

• SPC (Statistical Process Control) to monitor and control the process

• PPAP (Production Part Approval Process) to ensure the parts meet the customer's requirements

• MSA (Measurement System Analysis) to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the measurement system

• APQP...read more

GLP or Good Laboratory Practice is a set of guidelines for ensuring quality and reliability in non-clinical laboratory studies.

• GLP is a set of guidelines that ensure the quality and reliability of non-clinical laboratory studies.

• It covers all aspects of laboratory work, including equipment, personnel, procedures, and documentation.

• GLP is important for ensuring the safety and efficacy of products that are tested in the laboratory.

• Examples of GLP regulations include maintaining...read more

5S is a workplace organization method that uses a list of five Japanese words: seiri, seiton, seiso, seiketsu, and shitsuke.

• 5S stands for Sort, Set in Order, Shine, Standardize, and Sustain

• It is a lean manufacturing tool used to improve workplace efficiency and productivity

• Example: Sorting and organizing tools in a toolbox to reduce search time and increase productivity

• Example: Cleaning and maintaining a machine to prevent breakdowns and improve performance

Kanban is a lean manufacturing system for just-in-time production, while Poka-yoke is a technique for mistake-proofing processes.

• Kanban is a visual system that helps manage inventory and production flow.

• It involves using cards or signals to indicate when to produce and deliver items.

• Pokayoke is a method of mistake-proofing that aims to prevent errors from occurring.

• It involves designing processes and tools in a way that makes it impossible to make mistakes.

• For example, a car ...read more

Quality refers to the degree of excellence of a product or service and is required to ensure customer satisfaction and loyalty.

• Quality is the measure of how well a product or service meets customer expectations and requirements.

• It is important to ensure quality to maintain customer satisfaction and loyalty.

• Quality can be achieved through various methods such as quality control, quality assurance, and continuous improvement.

• Examples of quality measures include defect rates, cu...read more

QC engineer is responsible for ensuring the quality of products and processes in a company.

• Develop and implement quality control procedures

• Conduct inspections and tests to identify defects and non-conformities

• Analyze data to identify trends and areas for improvement

• Collaborate with other departments to resolve quality issues

• Train and educate employees on quality control processes

• Ensure compliance with industry standards and regulations

The least count of vernier and micrometer depends on their scale and division markings.

• Least count is the smallest measurement that can be read on a measuring instrument.

• Vernier calipers have a least count of 0.02 mm or 0.001 inches depending on the scale.

• Micrometers have a least count of 0.01 mm or 0.0001 inches depending on the scale and division markings.

• The least count of other measuring instruments like dial gauges and height gauges also depend on their scale and divisio...read more

I adapt to the new environment by learning the processes and procedures of the fabric industry.

• I research and study the fabric industry to understand its processes and procedures.

• I ask questions and seek guidance from my colleagues who have experience in the fabric industry.

• I apply my knowledge and skills from the steel plant to identify areas for improvement in the fabric industry.

• I continuously learn and adapt to the new environment to ensure quality standards are met.

Diesel engines use compression ignition while petrol engines use spark ignition. Expected salary and suitable location in UP can vary.

• Diesel engines use compression ignition, while petrol engines use spark ignition

• Diesel engines are more fuel efficient than petrol engines

• Diesel engines produce more torque at lower RPMs compared to petrol engines

• Expected salary for a Quality Engineer can range from 4-8 lakhs per annum

• Suitable locations in UP for a Quality Engineer could includ...read more

8D is a problem-solving methodology used in the industry to identify, correct, and prevent recurring problems.

• 8D stands for Eight Disciplines and is a structured problem-solving approach.

• It involves a team-based approach to identify the root cause of a problem, implement corrective actions, and prevent recurrence.

• 8D is commonly used in industries such as automotive, manufacturing, and aerospace.

• The process includes steps like forming a team, defining the problem, implementing...read more

A quality engineer can understand various types of views from drawings.

• Orthographic views: Front, top, and side views of an object.

• Isometric views: A 3D representation of an object.

• Section views: Show internal details of an object by cutting it.

• Detail views: Enlarged views of specific areas of an object.

• Auxiliary views: Show the true shape and size of inclined surfaces.

• Exploded views: Illustrate the assembly of components.

• Perspective views: Provide a realistic representation ...read more

Updated PFMEA/DFMEA when a new supplier was introduced

• Identified potential failure modes and effects of the new supplier's components

• Evaluated the severity, occurrence, and detection of each failure mode

• Updated the PFMEA/DFMEA with the new information

• Collaborated with the supplier to implement corrective actions

• Continuously monitored and updated the PFMEA/DFMEA as necessary

Use visual inspection, cross-cut test, and weight measurement to check powder coating thickness without a thickness meter.

• Perform visual inspection to check for any uneven coating or areas with no coating

• Conduct a cross-cut test by making a small incision in the coating and checking the layers

• Measure the weight of the coated object before and after coating to estimate the thickness

• Compare the appearance and weight of the coating with a known standard for reference

Use visual and tactile inspection methods to check roughness without a roughness tester machine.

• Use visual inspection to look for uneven surfaces, scratches, or irregularities

• Use tactile inspection by running your fingers over the surface to feel for roughness

• Compare the surface in question with a known standard of roughness for reference

• Use a magnifying glass to inspect the surface closely for any imperfections

Process audit is a systematic examination of a process to ensure it is meeting its objectives and requirements.

• Process audit involves reviewing the process flow, documentation, and records to identify areas of improvement.

• It helps to ensure that the process is being followed correctly and consistently.

• Process audit can be conducted internally or externally by a third-party auditor.

• It is important to establish clear audit criteria and standards to ensure consistency and accura...read more

SR and Normalised are two different terms used in different contexts.

• SR stands for Systematic Review, which is a type of research study that involves a comprehensive and thorough review of existing literature on a particular topic.

• Normalization is a process of organizing data in a database to reduce redundancy and improve data integrity.

• SR is used in the context of research studies, while normalization is used in the context of database management.

• SR involves a critical appra...read more

IGBT is a power semiconductor device used in electronic devices. SMPS is a power supply unit that converts AC to DC.

• IGBT stands for Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor

• It is used in high power applications such as motor drives, inverters, and power supplies

• Static test involves measuring the resistance and voltage drop across the IGBT

• SMPS stands for Switched-Mode Power Supply

• It converts AC voltage to DC voltage using a switching regulator

• It is commonly used in electronic devices ...read more

KPIs are measurable values that indicate how well an organization is achieving its business objectives.

• KPIs help organizations track progress towards their goals

• KPIs should be specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, and time-bound

• Examples of KPIs include customer satisfaction, revenue growth, and defect rate

• KPIs can be used to identify areas for improvement and make data-driven decisions

Quality management system is a set of policies, processes, and procedures required for planning and execution of quality control.

• It ensures that products or services meet customer requirements and expectations.

• It involves continuous improvement and monitoring of processes.

• ISO 9001 is a widely recognized standard for quality management systems.

• It includes activities such as quality planning, quality control, and quality assurance.

• It helps organizations to achieve consistency a...read more

To control process rejection & customer complaints, implement quality control measures, analyze root causes, and continuously improve processes.

• Implement quality control measures such as regular inspections and audits

• Analyze root causes of process rejection and customer complaints to address underlying issues

• Implement corrective and preventive actions to prevent future occurrences

• Engage with customers to understand their feedback and improve product/service quality

• Continuousl...read more

Welding is a process of joining two or more metal pieces together by melting and fusing them.

• Types of welding include MIG welding, TIG welding, arc welding, and spot welding.

• Stainless Steel (SS) is a type of steel containing chromium, nickel, and other elements for corrosion resistance.

• Types of stainless steel include 304, 316, and 430, each with different chemical compositions.

• WPS stands for Welding Procedure Specification, which outlines the welding parameters and procedure...read more

Calculate the sum of an array, treating negative numbers as positive, using recursion and without recursion.

• Create a variable to store the sum

• Iterate through the array and add each element to the sum, treating negative numbers as positive

• For the recursive solution, create a helper function that takes the array and the current index as parameters

• In the recursive function, check if the current index is within the array bounds

• If it is, add the element at the current index to the...read more

To fill a cube, ensure all sides are properly aligned and filled with the material. Check for any gaps or air pockets.

• Ensure the cube mold is clean and dry before filling.

• Pour the material into the mold slowly and evenly to prevent air pockets.

• Use a vibrating table to help settle the material and remove any air bubbles.

• Check for any leaks or cracks in the mold before filling to prevent material from leaking out.

• After filling, tap the sides of the mold gently to ensure the mat...read more

This is a set of questions related to electrical engineering and quality engineering.

• DOL starter is a direct-on-line starter used to start motors.

• MCB stands for Miniature Circuit Breaker and MCCB stands for Molded Case Circuit Breaker.

• Relays are electromagnetic switches that control the flow of current in a circuit.

• Generators convert mechanical energy into electrical energy, while motors convert electrical energy into mechanical energy.

• Induction motors work on the principle o...read more

There are several types of NDT inspections used in various industries.

• Non-destructive testing (NDT) is a method used to evaluate the properties of a material, component, or system without causing damage.

• Some common types of NDT inspections include visual inspection, ultrasonic testing, magnetic particle testing, liquid penetrant testing, radiographic testing, and eddy current testing.

• Visual inspection involves the direct observation of a component or material to detect any vi...read more

Distributed load testing is a technique used to simulate real-world user traffic by distributing the load across multiple machines.

• Distributed load testing involves using multiple machines to generate a high volume of user traffic.

• It helps identify performance bottlenecks and scalability issues in a system.

• By distributing the load, it mimics real-world scenarios and provides more accurate results.

• It allows testing the system's ability to handle concurrent users and high traff...read more

The return on investment from performance testing is improved system performance, increased customer satisfaction, and reduced costs.

• Performance testing helps identify and fix performance issues before they impact users.

• It ensures that the system can handle expected user loads and perform efficiently.

• By optimizing system performance, customer satisfaction and user experience are enhanced.

• Performance testing helps prevent revenue loss due to system failures or slowdowns.

• It red...read more

I have prepared various reports including defect analysis, root cause analysis, and statistical process control charts.

• Defect analysis report to identify the types and frequency of defects in a product or process

• Root cause analysis report to determine the underlying cause of a quality issue and recommend corrective actions

• Statistical process control charts to monitor and analyze process performance over time

• Quality audit reports to document findings and recommendations for im...read more

Quality control is reactive and focuses on identifying defects, while quality assurance is proactive and focuses on preventing defects.

• Quality control involves inspecting and testing products to identify defects and ensure they meet standards.

• Quality assurance involves implementing processes and procedures to prevent defects from occurring in the first place.

• Quality control is reactive, meaning it occurs after the product has been produced.

• Quality assurance is proactive, mean...read more

Tempering is a process of heating and cooling glass to increase its strength. HS glass is heat-strengthened while toughened glass is more durable due to a more intense heating and cooling process.

• Tempering involves heating and cooling glass to increase its strength and durability.

• HS glass is heat-strengthened and is less durable than toughened glass.

• Toughened glass undergoes a more intense heating and cooling process, making it more durable and resistant to breakage.

• Toughened...read more

PPAP documentation serves the purpose of ensuring that suppliers meet quality standards and specifications for parts and materials.

• PPAP stands for Production Part Approval Process.

• It is a set of documents and records that demonstrate a supplier's ability to consistently produce parts that meet customer requirements.

• The purpose of PPAP is to ensure that suppliers have a robust quality management system in place and can provide evidence of their capability to meet quality stand...read more

Quality materials and products are ensured through rigorous testing and inspection processes.

• Establishing quality standards and specifications for materials and products

• Conducting regular inspections and audits of suppliers and manufacturing processes

• Performing thorough testing and analysis of materials and products

• Implementing corrective actions and continuous improvement initiatives

• Collaborating with cross-functional teams to ensure quality throughout the supply chain

To manage product quality and achieve product yield, it is important to implement quality control measures, optimize production processes, and continuously monitor and improve product performance.

• Implement quality control measures such as regular inspections, testing, and audits to ensure product quality meets the desired standards.

• Optimize production processes by identifying and eliminating bottlenecks, reducing waste, and implementing efficient manufacturing techniques.

• Cont...read more

SPC stands for Statistical Process Control, MSA stands for Measurement System Analysis, and PPAP stands for Production Part Approval Process.

• SPC is a method used to monitor and control processes by collecting and analyzing data.

• MSA is a method used to assess the measurement system's capability and reliability.

• PPAP is a standardized process in the automotive industry to ensure that parts meet customer requirements before production.

• Example: SPC helps identify and reduce proces...read more

Power factor is a measure of how effectively electrical power is being used. A meggar is a type of insulation resistance tester. Different types of meters include analog and digital meters.

• Power factor is the ratio of real power to apparent power in an electrical system.

• A meggar is used to measure the insulation resistance of electrical equipment.

• Types of meters include analog meters, digital meters, and smart meters.

• Unit refers to the standard measurement used for a particul...read more

Quality is meeting customer requirements and expectations. PPAP, APQP, SPC, MSA, PFMEA, Process Audit are tools and processes used in quality management.

• Quality is the degree to which a product or service meets customer requirements and expectations.

• PPAP (Production Part Approval Process) is a standardized process in the automotive industry to ensure suppliers meet quality requirements.

• APQP (Advanced Product Quality Planning) is a framework used in the automotive industry to ...read more

My company's rejection ppm is currently at X. QA focuses on preventing defects while QC focuses on detecting and correcting defects. My responsibility as a Quality Engineer is to ensure that products meet quality standards and to continuously improve processes. I handle customer complaints by investigating the issue, finding a solution, and implementing corrective actions to prevent future occurrences.

• Our rejection ppm is currently at X

• QA focuses on preventing defects while Q...read more