1500+ Quality Engineer Interview Questions and Answers

Target strength is important to evaluate as it ensures the product meets required specifications and standards.

• Target strength helps ensure the product will perform as intended under specified conditions.

• It allows for consistency in product quality and performance.

• Evaluating target strength helps identify any potential weaknesses or defects in the product.

• It is crucial in industries such as construction, automotive, and aerospace where strength is a critical factor.

• Target str...read more

Measuring instruments are tools used to quantify physical properties such as length, temperature, pressure, and more.

• Measuring instruments are used to ensure accuracy and precision in various industries such as manufacturing, construction, and engineering.

• Examples of measuring instruments include rulers, thermometers, pressure gauges, and micrometers.

• Calibration is essential to ensure measuring instruments provide accurate readings.

• Regular maintenance and proper handling are ...read more

The least count of a vernier caliper is the smallest measurement that can be read on the scale.

• The least count is determined by the number of divisions on the main scale and the vernier scale.

• It is calculated as the difference between one smallest division on the main scale and one division on the vernier scale.

• For example, if the main scale has divisions of 1 mm and the vernier scale has 10 divisions that cover 9 main scale divisions, the least count would be 0.1 mm.

Quality is the measure of excellence or superiority of a product or service based on customer requirements and satisfaction.

• Quality is meeting or exceeding customer expectations

• It involves consistency, reliability, and conformance to requirements

• Quality is achieved through continuous improvement and prevention of defects

• Quality can be measured using metrics such as defect rate, customer satisfaction, and on-time delivery

• Quality management systems like ISO 9001 help organizati...read more

ACID properties in DBMS stand for Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, and Durability.

• Atomicity ensures that all operations in a transaction are completed successfully or none at all.

• Consistency ensures that the database remains in a consistent state before and after the transaction.

• Isolation ensures that multiple transactions can be executed concurrently without affecting each other.

• Durability ensures that once a transaction is committed, its effects are permanent even in case...read more

Improvement in quality can be achieved through continuous monitoring, analysis, and implementation of corrective actions.

• Establishing clear quality standards and objectives

• Regularly monitoring and analyzing quality metrics

• Identifying root causes of quality issues

• Implementing corrective actions to address issues

• Continuously reviewing and improving processes

• Providing training and resources to employees

• Encouraging a culture of quality and continuous improvement

To measure with vernier calipers, align the jaws with the object and read the measurement on the scale.

• Ensure the caliper is clean and properly calibrated

• Close the jaws and zero the scale

• Align the jaws with the object to be measured

• Read the measurement on the scale

• Take multiple measurements and average for accuracy

The welding symbol on the drawing indicates the type of weld and its dimensions.

• The welding symbol consists of various elements such as the reference line, arrow, and other symbols.

• It provides information about the type of weld, weld size, and other specifications.

• Examples of welding symbols include fillet weld symbol, groove weld symbol, and plug weld symbol.

Various types of welding include MIG, TIG, Stick, Flux-Cored, and Submerged Arc Welding.

• MIG (Metal Inert Gas) welding uses a wire electrode and a shielding gas to join two metal pieces together.

• TIG (Tungsten Inert Gas) welding uses a tungsten electrode and a shielding gas to create a precise and clean weld.

• Stick welding uses a consumable electrode coated in flux to create a strong bond between two metal pieces.

• Flux-Cored welding uses a wire electrode with a flux core to creat...read more

5S is a methodology used to organize and maintain a clean, efficient, and safe work environment.

• 5S stands for Sort, Set in Order, Shine, Standardize, and Sustain.

• Sort involves removing unnecessary items from the workplace.

• Set in Order focuses on arranging necessary items in a logical and efficient manner.

• Shine involves cleaning and maintaining the workplace.

• Standardize establishes consistent processes and procedures.

• Sustain ensures the continuation of the 5S practices.

• Example...read more

Least count is the smallest measurement that can be made by a measuring instrument.

• Least count is determined by the smallest division on the scale of the measuring instrument.

• It helps in determining the precision of the instrument.

• For example, if a ruler has smallest division of 1 mm, its least count is 1 mm.

• In vernier calipers, the least count is calculated as the difference between one smallest division on the main scale and one division on the vernier scale.

An analog system is a system that represents data using continuous values.

• Analog systems use physical quantities to represent information.

• Analog signals can have an infinite number of values within a range.

• Examples include analog watches, analog thermometers, and analog audio signals.

Digital electronics is a branch of electronics that deals with digital signals and systems.

• Digital electronics uses binary digits (0s and 1s) to represent information.

• It involves designing, analyzing, and troubleshooting digital circuits.

• Examples include logic gates, flip-flops, and microprocessors.

Teaching AOI program and process step by step involves clear communication, hands-on training, and practice.

• Start by explaining the basics of AOI technology and its importance in quality control.

• Demonstrate how to set up the AOI machine, including loading the program and adjusting settings.

• Provide hands-on training with sample PCBs to practice running the AOI program and interpreting the results.

• Encourage questions and offer guidance throughout the training process.

• Conduct re...read more

XPath is a language used for locating nodes in an XML document. Absolute xpath starts from the root node, while relative xpath starts from any node.

• XPath is a language used for selecting nodes in an XML document.

• Absolute xpath starts with a single forward slash (/) and begins from the root node.

• Relative xpath does not start with a forward slash and can start from any node.

• Example of absolute xpath: /html/body/div[1]/p

• Example of relative xpath: //input[@id='username']

Samples can be taken after finish products by following a sampling plan and using appropriate sampling techniques.

• Develop a sampling plan based on the production process and quality requirements

• Use random sampling techniques to ensure representative samples

• Follow standard operating procedures for sample collection and testing

• Document the sampling process and results for traceability and quality control

The alternator generates electricity to power the vehicle's electrical system, while the stator is a stationary component that helps produce electricity in the alternator.

• Alternator converts mechanical energy into electrical energy

• Stator is a stationary part of the alternator

• Stator contains wire windings that produce electricity when the rotor spins

• Alternator charges the battery and powers the electrical system of the vehicle

The density of RT film refers to its mass per unit volume.

• Density is a measure of how much mass is contained in a given volume.

• In the case of RT film, density is typically expressed in grams per cubic centimeter (g/cm³).

• The density of RT film can vary depending on factors such as the specific material used and the manufacturing process.

• Density is an important property to consider in quality control as it can impact the performance and characteristics of the film.

• Measuring the...read more

Moisture content in sand can be calculated using the formula: Moisture content (%) = ((wet weight - dry weight) / dry weight) * 100

• Collect a sample of sand and weigh it while wet (wet weight)

• Dry the sample in an oven until it reaches a constant weight (dry weight)

• Calculate the moisture content using the formula: ((wet weight - dry weight) / dry weight) * 100

• For example, if the wet weight is 100g and the dry weight is 90g, the moisture content would be ((100-90)/90) * 100 = 11...read more

Mix ratios for grade of concrete

• Mix ratios for concrete vary depending on the grade of concrete required

• For example, for M20 grade concrete, the mix ratio would be 1:1.5:3 (cement:sand:aggregate)

• Higher grade concrete requires a higher proportion of cement in the mix

• The mix ratio should be carefully calculated to ensure the desired strength and durability of the concrete

Defects in rubber molding can include air bubbles, flash, incomplete cure, and warping.

• Air bubbles: trapped air pockets in the molded rubber

• Flash: excess rubber material extending from the mold

• Incomplete cure: rubber not fully cured, leading to soft spots or weakness

• Warping: distortion or bending of the molded rubber

EVA condenser is used in distillation to condense vapors while a filter is used to separate solids from liquids.

• EVA condenser is a type of condenser used in distillation to condense vapors into liquid form.

• Filters are used to separate solids from liquids by passing the mixture through a porous material.

• EVA condenser is used in industries such as pharmaceuticals, petrochemicals, and food processing.

• Filters are used in various applications such as water treatment, air purificat...read more

Insulator type of insulators are materials that do not conduct electricity.

• Insulator type of insulators are used to prevent the flow of electricity.

• They are made of materials such as rubber, glass, porcelain, and plastic.

• Examples of insulator type of insulators include electrical wires coated in rubber or plastic, glass insulators on power lines, and porcelain insulators on high voltage power lines.

There are various quality tools used in quality engineering to analyze and improve processes.

• There are around 7 basic quality tools commonly used in quality engineering: Pareto chart, cause-and-effect diagram, check sheet, control chart, histogram, scatter diagram, and flowchart.

• Additional quality tools include: 5 Whys, fishbone diagram, 8D methodology, Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA), Statistical Process Control (SPC), etc.

• The number of quality tools can vary depend...read more

Black and GI wire are tested for quality assurance purposes.

• Black and GI wire are tested to ensure they meet quality standards and specifications.

• Tests may include checking for strength, durability, and resistance to corrosion.

• Various testing methods such as tensile strength testing, bend testing, and coating thickness measurement may be used.

• For example, the black wire may be tested for its electrical conductivity and insulation properties.

• The GI wire may be tested for its z...read more

The 5 core tools are APQP, PPAP, FMEA, MSA, and SPC. The QC tools are Check Sheets, Histograms, Pareto Charts, Control Charts, and Scatter Diagrams.

• 5 core tools: APQP, PPAP, FMEA, MSA, SPC

• QC tools: Check Sheets, Histograms, Pareto Charts, Control Charts, Scatter Diagrams

• APQP: Advanced Product Quality Planning

• PPAP: Production Part Approval Process

• FMEA: Failure Mode and Effects Analysis

• MSA: Measurement System Analysis

• SPC: Statistical Process Control

• Check Sheets: Used to collect...read more

Transmission line voltage in India varies from 110 kV to 765 kV.

• Transmission line voltage in India is determined by the distance between the power generation source and the end user.

• The transmission line voltage in India ranges from 110 kV to 765 kV.

• The higher the voltage, the lower the transmission losses and the more efficient the power transmission.

• India has the world's largest transmission system with a total network of over 400,000 circuit kilometers.

• The Indian governmen...read more

Construction of 0.5 mm sq wire involves a single solid wire with a cross-sectional area of 0.5 square millimeters.

• 0.5 mm sq wire refers to a wire with a cross-sectional area of 0.5 square millimeters

• It is typically a solid wire, not stranded

• The wire may be made of materials like copper, aluminum, or steel

SPC stands for Statistical Process Control, a method used to monitor and control processes to ensure they are operating efficiently.

• SPC involves collecting and analyzing data to identify variations in a process.

• Control charts are commonly used in SPC to visually display data and determine if a process is in control.

• Implementing SPC involves training employees on data collection, setting control limits, and taking corrective actions when necessary.

• SPC helps in reducing waste, ...read more

Types of transformers include power transformers, distribution transformers, instrument transformers, and autotransformers.

• Power transformers are used in high voltage transmission networks.

• Distribution transformers are used to supply lower voltage to residential and commercial areas.

• Instrument transformers are used for measuring voltage and current in power systems.

• Autotransformers have a single winding with taps for different voltage levels.

Active components require a power source to operate, while passive components do not.

• Active components require an external power source to function

• Passive components do not require an external power source

• Examples of active components include transistors, diodes, and integrated circuits

• Examples of passive components include resistors, capacitors, and inductors

Common defects of welding include porosity, undercutting, incomplete fusion, and lack of penetration.

• Porosity: Occurs when gas bubbles are trapped in the weld metal, resulting in weak and porous joints.

• Undercutting: Happens when the base metal is melted away from the weld, leading to a groove or depression along the weld bead.

• Incomplete fusion: Occurs when the weld metal does not fuse completely with the base metal, resulting in a weak joint.

• Lack of penetration: Happens when ...read more

Quality is meeting or exceeding customer expectations through consistent and reliable products or services.

• Quality is a measure of how well a product or service meets customer needs and expectations.

• It involves consistent and reliable performance, meeting specifications and standards.

• Quality is achieved through effective planning, control, and improvement processes.

• Examples of quality include products that are durable, reliable, and perform as expected, and services that are ...read more

Carbon equivalent is determined by calculating the combined effect of different alloying elements on the hardenability of steel.

• Calculate the carbon equivalent using the formula: CE = C + (Mn/6) + (Cr + Mo + V)/5 + (Ni + Cu)/15

• Higher carbon equivalent indicates higher hardenability and potential for cracking during welding

• Lower carbon equivalent is preferred for better weldability and toughness

• Carbon equivalent is important in determining the heat treatment process for steel

• E...read more

Voc is the open circuit voltage of a transformer. Vector group is the arrangement of transformer windings.

• Voc is the voltage measured across the terminals of a transformer when there is no load connected to it.

• Vector group is a code that describes the arrangement of the windings in a three-phase transformer.

• Vector group determines the phase displacement between the primary and secondary windings.

• Vector group is important for connecting transformers in parallel and for determi...read more

Intensity of light can be checked using a lux meter or a photometer.

• Use a lux meter to measure the illuminance of a surface in lux units.

• Use a photometer to measure the luminous flux of a light source in lumens.

• Ensure that the meter is calibrated and the correct unit is selected.

• Measure the light intensity at different points to ensure uniformity.

• Take into account the distance between the light source and the meter.

• Consider the spectral sensitivity of the meter for accurate r...read more

Quality tools are used to measure and improve quality. Least count is the smallest measurement that can be made with a tool.

• Quality tools include Pareto charts, fishbone diagrams, control charts, and statistical process control.

• Least count is important for ensuring accurate measurements and can vary depending on the tool being used.

• For example, a micrometer may have a least count of 0.01mm, while a ruler may have a least count of 1mm.

The 10:1 rule is a guideline used in quality engineering to determine the sample size needed for statistical analysis.

• The 10:1 rule states that for every 1 defect found, there are approximately 10 defects that have gone undetected.

• It helps in estimating the total number of defects in a population based on the number of defects found in a sample.

• The rule is often used in quality control processes to determine the appropriate sample size for statistical analysis.

• For example, if...read more

A gauge is a measuring instrument used to determine the size, amount, or degree of something.

• Types of gauges include plug gauges, ring gauges, thread gauges, and snap gauges.

• Gauges are used in manufacturing to ensure products meet specifications.

• They can measure dimensions such as length, width, height, and depth.

• Gauges can also measure pressure, temperature, and other physical properties.

• Calipers, micrometers, and dial indicators are examples of gauges.

Critical temperature is the temperature at which a substance undergoes a phase transition.

• Critical temperature is specific to each substance and can vary.

• It is the temperature at which a substance changes from one phase to another, such as from a liquid to a gas.

• Above the critical temperature, the substance cannot exist in a liquid state.

• Water has a critical temperature of 374 degrees Celsius and a critical pressure of 218 atmospheres.

SOP in displayed machine refers to Standard Operating Procedure for operating the machine.

• SOP is a set of step-by-step instructions for operating the machine.

• It ensures consistency in operation and reduces the risk of errors.

• SOP includes safety instructions, maintenance procedures, and troubleshooting steps.

• Examples of displayed machines include medical equipment, manufacturing machinery, and computer systems.

FMEA stands for Failure Mode and Effects Analysis. RPN value is Risk Priority Number calculated by multiplying severity, occurrence, and detection ratings.

• FMEA is a systematic method for identifying and prioritizing potential failure modes in a process or product.

• RPN value is calculated by multiplying severity, occurrence, and detection ratings assigned to each potential failure mode.

• RPN helps prioritize which failure modes to address first based on their potential impact and...read more

The least count of a vernier caliper micrometer is the smallest measurement that can be read on the scale.

• The least count of a vernier caliper micrometer is typically 0.02 mm or 0.001 inches.

• It is determined by the number of divisions on the main scale and the vernier scale.

• For example, if the main scale has 20 divisions and the vernier scale has 10 divisions, the least count would be 0.02 mm.

I obtained this reference from a former colleague who worked with the candidate at a previous company.

• Former colleague who worked with the candidate provided the reference

• The reference was obtained from a previous company where the candidate worked

• The reference was given based on the candidate's performance and skills

PPAP documents include documents like control plan, FMEA, measurement system analysis, etc.

• Control Plan

• FMEA (Failure Mode and Effects Analysis)

• Measurement System Analysis

• Part Submission Warrant

• Process Flow Diagram

• Appearance Approval Report

IATF is a standard for automotive quality management systems.

• IATF stands for International Automotive Task Force.

• It is a standard that outlines the requirements for automotive quality management systems.

• It was developed to harmonize the different automotive quality standards used around the world.

• Organizations can become certified to the IATF standard to demonstrate their commitment to quality.

• The latest version of the standard is IATF 16949:2016.

PPE stands for Personal Protective Equipment. It refers to protective clothing, helmets, goggles, or other equipment designed to protect the wearer's body from injury or infection.

• PPE is used in various industries to protect workers from hazards

• Examples of PPE include safety glasses, gloves, helmets, masks, and earplugs

• PPE is essential in preventing injuries and maintaining a safe working environment